Tisa National High School

South District V of Cebu City Division

Francisco Llamas St, Cebu City, Cebu

Drumstick Tree (Moringa Oleifera) Seed

as a Natural Component for Water Treatment

An Investigatory Project in partial fulfillment of Research II

Presented to:

Mrs. Myrna Pales

Research Adviser

Researchers:

John Cris T. Tundag

Francheska Nicole Atillo

Lee Benedict Villamor II

Jecel Mark Parawan

John Ulrich Luague

Iren Kim Remorosa

School Year: 2020-2021

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Water is essential as it is used in myriad purposes by humans, thus the level of purity of

the water being consumed is very crucial since it has direct effect on health. More than half of all

illnesses and deaths among children are caused by germs, which get into the mouth via water and

food. Moringa or drumstick tree is eminent within the Philippines due to its therapeutic

properties and well-being benefits. It has antifungal, antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties.

Moreover, the seeds from the Moringa tree have special water refinement properties or Moringa

Oleifera Cationic Proteins that are responsible for the process of coagulation. These proteins

extracted from the seeds promote clumping of fines into larger floc so that they can be more

easily separated from the water. Furthermore, it has potential as anti-microbial treatment – the

unprocessed seed powder may sediment the bacteria from raw water. The seed shows a

momentous decrease in turbidity which makes the seed of Moringa a great source for water

coagulation. This investigation mainly focuses in water treatment to improve the quality of water

to make it appropriate for a specific end-use. The end use may be drinking, industrial water

supply, irrigation, river flow maintenance, water recreation or many other uses, including being

safely returned to the environment.

The high cost of treated water makes most people in the rural communities to resort to

readily available sources which are normally of low quality exposing them to waterborne

diseases. It is in this light that this research was carried out to confirm the effectiveness of

powder extracted from mature-dried Moringa oleifera seeds which is commonly available in

most rural communities of Africa. This was done using Completely Randomised Design with
loading doses of 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 g/L of the powder processed from Moringa seeds, and

aluminium sulphate (alum) as coagulant. A control (water from the pond with only distilled

water without alum and Moringa treatments) was also included. The turbidity, pH, and

conductivity and total coliform were determined for all the samples. The turbidity for the

samples ranged from log100.30 to log101.36NTU while the conductivity ranged from log102.29

to log102.72 μS/cm. The 12 g/L treatment of Moringa and 10 and 12 g/L alum treatments gave

values that are acceptable according to the World Health Organisation (WHO) guidelines for

safe drinking water. The control sample gave the higher extremes values which are unacceptable.

The pH values (7.29 to 7.89) obtained for the treatments were in the recommended range set by

WHO. The Most Probable Number per 100 ml for total coliform counts had values from 2 to 17

at 95% confidence limits. The Moringa treatment gave lower counts. Findings of this research

lend support to earlier works recommending the use of Moringa for water treatment. (Amagloh,

F. K., Benang, A. 2009)

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM :state at least 2

HYPOTHESES: answers the problems (in an educated guess)

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY:who will benefit your study

SCOPE AND LIMITATION:your study is only for a research completion purposes -make

statements.

DEFINITION OF TERMS:look for the meaning of the Mian terms of your study.like-

Moringa Oleifera etc. (look at least 5 terms that are found in your chapter 1)

REFERENCES:indicate the references of your citations and the authors

Last Page would be your Groups Resume’ :

Backgrounds:Name:

Birthday:

Birthplace:

Address:

Parents’ name:

Where will you in the next 5 years?: