Angle of Material Recommended

Material Density Repose Group Max. Inclination

Alfalfa, Meal 17 45° 4
Alfalfa Pellets 41-43 20-29° 2
Alfalfa Seed 10-15 29° 2
Almonds, broken or whole 28-30 30-44° 3
Alum, Fine 45-50 30-44° 3
Alum, Lumpy 50-60 30-44° 3
Alumina 50-65 22° 2 10-12
*Aluminum chips 7-15 45° 4
Aluminum hydrate 18 34° 3 20-24
Aluminum ore (see bauxite)
Aluminum oxide 70-120 29° 2
Aluminum silicate 49 30-44° 3
Aluminum sulphate 54 32° 3 17
Ammonium chloride, 45-52 30-44° 3
crystalline
Ammonium nitrate 45 30-44° 3*
Ammonium sulphate 45-58 44° 3*
(granular)
Antimony powder 60 30-44° 3
Aplite 70-80 30-44° 3
Arsenic, pulverized 30 20-29° 2
Arsenic oxide 100-120 30-44° 3
Asbestos, ore or rock 81 30-44° 3
Asbestos, shred 20 – 25 45° 4
*Ashes, black, ground 105 32° 3* 17
Ashes, coal, dry, 3 inches 35 – 40 45° 4
& under
Ashes, coal, wet 3 inches 45-50 45° 4
& under
Ashes, fly 40-45 42° 3 20-25
Ashes,gas-producer,wet 78 0° 4
Asphalt, binder for paving 80-85 0° 4
Asphalt, crushed, ½ inch 45 30-44° 3
& under
Bagasse 7-10 45° 4
Bakelite, & similar plastics 35-45 45° 4
(powdered)
Baking Powder 40 – 50 35° 3
Barite 180 30-44° 3
Barium carbonate 72 45° 4
Barium carbonate filter cake 72 32° 3
Barium hydrate 62-65 43° 3
Barium oxide 150-200 0° 4
*Bark, wood refuse 10 – 20 45° 4 27
Barley 37-48 23° 2 10-15
 Angle of Material Recommended
Material Density Repose Group Max. Inclination

Basalt 80-103 20-28° 2

Bauxite, ground, dry 68 20-29° 2 20
Bauxite, mine run 80-90 31° 3 17
Bauxite, crushed, 3 inches 75-85 30-44° 3 20
& under
Beans, castor, whole 36 20-29° 2 8-10
Beans, castor, meal 35-40 0° 1
Beans, cocoa 30 – 45 35° 1
Beans, navy, dry 48 29° 2
Beans, navy, steeped 60 35-40° 3
Beet pulp, dry 12-15 0° 4
Beet pup, wet 25-45 0° 4
Beets, whole 48 50° 4
Bentonite, crude 35 – 40 42-44° 3
Bentonite, 100 mesh 50 – 60 42° 3 20
& under
Benzine hexachloride 56 0° 4
Bones, 34-40 45° 4
Boneblack, 100 mesh 20-25 20-29° 2
& under
Bonechar 27-40 30-44° 3
Bonemeal 50-60 30-44° 3
Borate of lime 60 30-44° 3
Borax, ½ inch screenings 55-60 30-44° 3
Borax, 3 inches and under 60-70 30-44° 3
Borax, fine 45-55 0° 2
Boric acid, fine 55 20-29° 2
Boron 75 0° *
Bran 10-20 30-44° 3
Brewers grain, spent, dry 25-30 45° 4
Brewers grain, spent, wet 55-60 45° 4
Brick hard 125 0° 4
Brick soft 100 0° 4
Bronze chips, dry 30-50 44-57° 4
Buckwheat 37-42 25° 2 11-13
Calcium, carbide (crushed) 70 – 80 30-44° 3
Calcium lactate 26-29 0° 4
Carbon, activated, dry, fine 8-20 20-29° 2
Carbon black, pelletized 20-25 25° 2
Carbon black, powder 4-7 30-44° 3
Carborundum, 3 inches 100 20-29° 2
& under
Casein 36 30-44° 3
Cast Iron Chips 90-120 45° 4
 Angle of Material Recommended
Material Density Repose Group Max. Inclination

Caustic Soda 88 29-43° 3

Cement, Clinker 75 – 95 30-40° 3 18-20
Cement, Portland 72-99 30-44° 3 20-23
Cement, Portland aerated 60-75 0° 1
Cement, rock (see limestone) 100-110 0° 3
Chalk, Fine- 100 mesh 65 – 75 0° 2
Chalk, Lumpy 75-85 45° 4
*Charcoal 18-25 35° 3 20-25
Chips, paper mill 20-25 0° 4
Chips, paper mill, softwood 12-30 0° 4
Chips hogged, fuel 15-25 0° 4
Chrome ore (chromite) 125-140 30-44° 3
Cinders, blast furnace 57 35° 3* 18-20
Cinders, coal 40 35° 3* 20
Clay calcined 80-100 0° 3
Clay, ceramic, dry, fines 60-80 30-44° 3
Clay, dry, fines 100-120 35° 3 20-22
Clay, dry, lumpy 60-75 35° 3 18-20
Clover seed 48 28° 2 15
Coal, anthracite, river, 60 35° 3 18
or culm 1/8 and under
Coal, bituminous, mined 50-54 45° 4 24
50 mesh and under
Coal, bituminous, mined 45-55 35° 3 16
and sized
Coal, bituminous, mined, 45-55 38° 3 18
run of mine
*Coal, bituminous, mined, 43-50 40° 3 22
slack, ½ inch and under
Coal, bituminous, stripping, 50-60 0° 3
not cleaned
Coal, lignite 40-45 38° 3 22
Cocoa beans 30-45 30-44° 3
Cocoa nibs 35 30-44° 3
Coffee, chaff 20 20-29° 2
Coffee, green bean 32-45 30-44° 3 10-15
Coffee, ground 25 23° 2 10
*Coffee, roasted bean 22-26 0° 2
Coffee, soluble 19 0° 4
Coke loose 23-35 30-44° 3 18
Coke, petroleum calcined 35-45 30-44° 3 20
Coke, breeze, ¼ inch 25-35 30-44° 3 20-22
and under
Compost 30-50 0° 4
 Angle of Material Recommended
Material Density Repose Group Max. Inclination

Concrete, cinder 90-100 0° 4 12-30

Concrete, gravel & sand 150 0° 3
*Copper ore 120 – 150 30-44° 3 20
Copper sulfate 75 – 85 31° 3 17
Copra, lumpy 22 20° 2 9
Copra cake, ground 40-45 30 3 16
Copra cake, lumpy 25-30 20° 2 8
Copra meal 40-45 35-40° 3 25
Cork, granulated 12-15 0° 4
Corn cracked 45-50 0° 3
Corn, ear 56 0° 3
Corn, shelled 45 21° 2 10
Corn sugar 31 30-44° 3
Corn germs 21 0° 3
Corn grits 40-45 30-44° 3
Cornmeal 32-40 35° 3 22
Cottonseed, dry, de-linted 22-40 29° 3 16
Cottonseed, dry, not de-linted 18-25 35° 3 19
Cottonseed cake, crushed 40-45 30-44° 3
Cottonseed cake, lumpy 40-45 30-44° 3
*Cottonseed, hulls 12 45° 4
Cottonseed, Meal 35-40 35° 3 22
Cottonseed meats 40 30-44 3
Cracklings, crushed, 3 40-50 45° 4
inched and under
Cryolite, dust 75-90 30-44° 3
Cryolite, lumpy 90-100 30-44° 3
Cullet 80–120 30-44° 3 20
Diatomaceous Earth 11– 14 30-44° 3
Dicalcium phosphate 40-50 45° 4
Disodium phosphate 25-31 30-44° 3
Dolomite, lumpy 80-100 30-44° 3 22
Dolomite, pulverized 46 41° 3
Earth,as excavated – dry 70– 80 35° 3 20
Earth, wet, containing clay 100-110 45° 4 23
Ebonite, crushed ½ inch 65-70 30-44° 3
and under
Emery 230 20-29° 2
Epsom salt 40– 50 30-44° 3
Feed, cattle & fowl 50 0° 2
Feldspar, ½ inch screenings 70-85 38° 3 18
Feldspar, 1 ½ to 3 inch lumps 90-110 34° 3 17
Feldspar, 200 mesh 100 30-44° 3
Ferrous carbonate 85-90 30-44° 3
 Angle of Material Recommended
Material Density Repose Group Max. Inclination

Ferrous sulfate 50-75 0° 3

Ferrous sulfide 120-135 20-29° 3
Filter press mud, sugar 70 0° 1
factory
Fish, Meal 35– 40 0° 4
Fish, Scrap 40– 50 0° 4
Flaxseed 45 21° 2 12
Flaxseed, mea l 25 30-44° 3
Flour, wheat 35– 40 45° 4 21
Flue Dust, boiler house, dry 35-40 20° 1
Fluorspar, ½-inch screenings 85-105 45° 4
Fluorspar, 1 ½-to 3 110-120 45° 4
inch lumps
Foundry sand, loose 90 30° 3
Foundry refuse, old 70-100 30-44° 3
sand cores, etc
Fuller’s earth, dry 30-35 23° 2
Fuller’s earth, oily 60-65 20-29° 2
Fuller’s earth, oil filter, 40 20-29° 2
burned
Fuller’s earth, oil filter, raw 35-40 35° 2* 20
Galena (lead sulfide) 240-260 30-44° 3
Garbage, household 50 0° 4
Gelatin, granulated 32 20-29° 2
Gilsonite 37 0° 2
Glass, batch 45 – 55 0-10° 1
(textile fiber glass)
Glass, batch 80–100 30-44° 3 20-22
(wool and container)
Glue, ground 1/8 inch 40 30-44° 3
and under
Glue, pearl 40 25° 2 11
Glue, vegetable, powdered 40 30-44° 4*
Gluten, meal 40 30-44° 3
Grain, distillery, spent, dry 30 30-44° 3
Grain, distillery, spent, wet 40-60 45° 4
Granite, ½ -inch screenings 80-90 20-29° 2
Granite, 1 ½-to 3 inch lumps 85-90 20-29° 2
Granite, broken 95-100 30-44° 3
Graphite, flakes 40 30-44° 3
Graphic flour 28 20-29° 2
Graphite, ore 65-75 30-44° 3
Grass seed 10-12 30-44° 3
Gravel, bank run 90-100 38° 3 20
 Angle of Material Recommended
Material Density Repose Group Max. Inclination

Gravel, dry, sharp 90-100 30-44° 3 15-17

Gravel, pebbles 90-100 30° 3 12
Gypsum, ½-inch screenings 70-80 40° 3 21
Gypsum, 1 ½-to 3-inch lumps70-80 30° 3 15
Guano, dry 70 20-29° 2
Hay, loose 5 0° 4
Hay, pressed 25 0° 2
Hominy 37– 50 30-44° 3
Hops, spent, dry 35 45° 4
Hops, spent, wet 50-55 45° 4
Ice, crushed 35– 45 19° 1
Ilmenite ore 140–160 30-44° 3*
Iron ore 100-200 35° 3 18-20
Iron ore pellets 116-130 30-44° 3 13-15
Iron sponge 100-135 30-44° 3
Iron sulphate 50– 75 30-44° 3
Iron sulfide 120-135 30-44° 3
Kaolin, Clay, 3 inches 63 35° 3 19
and under
Lactose 32 30-44° 3
Lead arsenate 72 45° 4
Lead carbonate 240-260 30-44° 3
Lead ores 200-270 30° 3 15
Lead oxides 60 – 150 45° 4
Lead oxides, pulverized 200-250 30-44° 3
Lead silicate, granulated 230 40° 3
Lead sulfate pulverized 184 45° 4
Lead sulfide 240 – 260 30-44° 3
Lignite, air dried 45 – 55 30-44° 3*
Lime, ground 1/8 inch 60 – 65 43° 3 23
and under
Lime, hydrated 1/8 40 40° 3 21
and under
Lime, hydrated, pulverized 32-40 42° 3 22
Lime, pebble 53-56 30° 3 17
Limestone, agricultural, 1/8 68 30-44° 3 20
Inch and under
Limestone, crushed 85-90 38° 3 18
Limestone, dust 50 0° 3 20
Linseed cake, pea size 50 30-44° 3
Linseed, meal 27 34° 3 20
Magnesium chloride 33 40° 4
Magnesium sulfate 40-50 30-44° 3
*Malt, dry, ground, 1/8 22 30-44° 3
 Angle of Material Recommended
Material Density Repose Group Max. Inclination

Malt, dry, whole 27-30 20-29° 2

Malt, wet or green 60 – 65 45° 4
Malt, meal 36-40 30-44° 3
Manganese dioxide 80 0° *
Manganese ore 125 – 140 39° 3* 20
Manganese oxide 120 30-44° 3
Manganese sulfate 70 30-44° 3
Manure 25 0° 4
Marble, crushed, ½ inch 80 – 95 30-44° 3
and under
Marl 80 30-44° 3
Meat scraps 50-55 30-44° 3
Mica, flakes 17-22 19° 1
Mica, ground 13-15 34° 3* 23
Milk, dried, flaked 5-6 30-44° 3
Milk, dry powder 36 45° 4
Milk, malted 30-35 45° 4
Milk, whole, powdered 20 30-44° 3
Milk scale 100-125 45° 4
Milo maize 56 30-44° 3
*Molybdenite, powdered 107 40° 3 25
Molybdenum ore 107 40° 3
Monosodium phosphate 50 30-44° 3
Mortar, wet 150 0° 4
Muriate of potash 77 0° 2
Mustard seed 45-48 20-29° 2
Nephelene syenite 90-105 30-44° 3
Niacin 35 30-44° 3
Nickel-cobalt sulfate ore 80 – 150 30-44° 3*
Oats 26-35 21° 2 10
Oats, rolled 19-24 30-44° 3
Oil cake 48-50 45° 4
Oxalic acid crystals 60 30-44° 3
Oyster shells, ground 50 – 60 30-44° 3
under ½ inch
Oyster shells, whole 80 30-44° 3
Paper pulp stock 40 – 60 19° 1*
Peanuts,In shells 15-24 30-44° 3
Peanuts, shelled 35 – 45 30-44° 3
Peas, dried 45 – 50 0° 1
Phosphate, acid, fertilizer 60 26° 2 13
Phosphate, triple super, 50-55 45° 4 30
Phosphate, rock, broken, dry 75-85 25-29° 2 12-15
Phosphate rock, pulverized 60 40° 3 25
 Angle of Material Recommended
Material Density Repose Group Max. Inclination

Polyethylene pellets 35 23° 2

Polystyrene pellets 35 23° 2
Polyvinyl chloride 20-30 45° 4
Potash (muriate), dry 70 20-29° 2
Potash (muriate), mine run 75 30-44° 3
Potash salts, sylvite, etc. 80 20-29° 2
Potassium carbonate 51 20-29° 2
Potassium chloride, pellets 120 – 130 30-44° 3
Potassium nitrate 76-80 20-29° 2
Potassium sulfate 42-48 45° 3
Potatoes, white 48 0° 4
Pumice, 1/8 inch and under 40 – 45 45° 4
Pyrites, iron, 2- to 3-inch 135-145 20-29° 2
lumps
Pyrites, Pellets 120 – 130 30-44° 3
Quartz, ½ inch screenings 80-90 20-29° 2
Quartz, 1 ½ to 3 inch lumps 85-95 20-29° 2
Rice, hulled or polished 45-48 19° 1 8
Rice, rough 36 30-44° 3
Rice, grits 42-45 30-44° 3
Rock, crushed 125-145° 20-29° 2
Rock, soft, excavated 100-110 30-44° 3 22
with shovel
Rubber, palletized 50-55 35° 3 22
Rubber, reclaim 25-30 32° 3 18
Rye 42-46 23° 2 8
Rye meal 35-40 19° 1
Safflower cake 50 30-44° 3
Safflower meal 50 30-44° 3
Safflower seed 45 20-29° 2
Salicylic acid 29 0° 2
Salt, common dry, coarse 40-55 0° 3 18-22
Salt, common dry, fine 70-80 25° 2 11
Salt, cake, dry, coarse 85 36° 3 21
Salt, cake, dry, pulverized 60-85 20-29° 2
Saltpeter 80 30-44° 3
Sand, bank, damp 105-130 45° 4 20-22
Sand, bank, dry 90-110 35° 3 16-18
Sand, core 65 41° 3 26
Sand, foundry, prepared 80-90 30-44° 3 24
Sand, foundry, shakeout 90-100 39° 3 22
Sand, silica, dry 90-100 20-29° 2 10-15
Sandstone, broken 85-90 30-44° 3
Sawdust 10-13 36° 3 22
 Angle of Material Recommended
Material Density Repose Group Max. Inclination

Sesame seed, dry 27-41 20-29° 2

Sewage (sludge) 40-50 20-29° 2
Sewage sludge, dried 45-55 30-44° 3
Sewage sludge, moist 55 30-44° 3
Shale, broken 90 – 100 20-29° 2
Shale, crushed 85 – 90 39° 3 22
Shellac 80 45° 4
Shellac, powdered 31 0° 3
or granulated
Silica gel (silica acid), dry 45 30-44° 3
Sinter 100-135 35° 3*
Slag, blast furnace, crushed 80-90 25° 2 10
Slag, furnace, granular, dry 60 – 65 25° 2 13-16
Slag, furnace, granular, wet 90 – 100 45° 4 20-22
Slate, crushed, ½ inch 80 – 90 28° 3 15
and under
Slate, 1 ½ to 3 inch lumps 85 – 95 0° 2
Snow, Compacted 15 – 50 0° 3
Soap beads or granules 15-25 30-44° 3
Soda ash, briquettes 50 22° 2 7
Soda ash, heavy 55 – 65 32° 3 19
Soda ash, light 20 – 35 37° 3 22
Sodium aluminum, ground 72 30-44° 3
Sodium aluminum sulfate 75 30-44° 3
Sodium antimonate, crushed 49 31° 3
Sodium bicarbonate 41 0° 4
Sodium nitrate 70 – 80 24° 2* 11
Sodium phosphate 50 – 65 37° 3
Sodium sulfite, dry 96 45° 4
Sorghum seed 32-52 30-44° 3
Soybeans cracked 30 – 40 35° 3 15-18
Soybeans whole 45 – 50 21-28° 2 12-16
Soybean cake, over ½ inch 40-43 32° 3 17
Soybean flakes, raw 20-26 30-44° 3
Soybean meal, cold 40 32-37° 3 16-20
Soybean meal, hot 40 30-44° 3
Starch 25-50 24° 2* 12
Steel chips, crushed 100 – 150 30-44° 3
Steel trimmings 75-150 35° 3 18
Sugar, raw, cane 55-65 45° 4
Sugar, refined, granulated, 50-55 30-44° 3
dry
Sugar, refined, granulated, 55 – 65 30-44° 3
wet
 Angle of Material Recommended
Material Density Repose Group Max. Inclination

Sugar. beet pulp, dry 12-15 20-29° 2

Sugar, beet pulp, wet 25-45 20-29° 2
Sugar cane, knifed 15-18 45° 4
Sulfate, crushed, ½ inch 50-60 30-44° 3 20
and under
Sulfate, powdered 50-60 30-44° 3 21
Sulfate, 3 inch and under 80-85 30-44° 3 18
Sunflower, seed 19-38 20° 2
Taconite, pellets 116-130 30-44° 3 13-15
Talc, ½ inch screenings 80-90 20-29° 2
Talc, 1 ½ to 3 inch lumps 85-95 20-29° 2
Timothy seed 36 20-29° 2
Titanium dioxide 140 30-44° 3
Titanium sponge 60 – 70 45° 4
Tobacco leaves, dry 12-14 45° 4
Tobacco scraps 15 – 25 45° 4
Tobacco stems 15 45° 4
Traprock, ½ inch screenings 90-100 30-44° 3
Traprock, 2 to 3 inch lumps 100 –110 30-44° 3
Tricalcium phosphate 21-50 45° 4
Trisodium phosphate 60 0° 3
Trisodium phosphate, 60 30-44° 3 11
granular
Trisodium phosphate, 50 40° 3 25
pulverized
Turf 20 – 30 0° 4
Urea pills, dry 43-46 25° 2
Vermiculite, expanded 16 45° 4
Vermiculite ore 70-80 0° 3 20
Walnut shells, crushed 35 – 45 30-44° 3
Wheat 45-48° 28° 2 12
Wheat cracked 35-45 30-44° 3
Wheat germ, dry 18-28 20-29° 2
White lead 75-100 30-44° 3
Wood chips 10 – 30 45° 4 27
Wood chips, hogged, fuel 15-25 45° 4
Wood shavings 8-15 0° 4
Zinc concentrates 75-80 0° 2
Zinc ore, crushed 160 38° * 22
Zinc ore, roasted 110 38° 3
Zinc oxide, heavy 30-35 45-55° 4
Zinc oxide, light 10-15 45° 4

* May vary considerably - consult a CEMA member