Acknowledgment

First and for most, we cannot begin to thank our advisor Ato Tesfalidet .G
(M.Sc) who has provided support, advice and constructive comment throughout
our project. We have been very fortunate to have had the opportunity to work so
closely with an advisor that has so much to offer and is the willing to share it so
freely.

We would like to thank Mulualem.G for his diligent review and critique of our
project is much appreciated.

The work of this project would not have been possible without the excellent
support staff and the facilities available in the department we would like to thank
you. Finally to our best friends and to Mechanical Engineering students there is no
limit our appreciation for your support and sacrifice over this long and arduous
time.

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 Abstract

A regenerative rechargeable solar energy storage system has been designed in order to
use solar energy when the sun doesn’t shine and a radically different approach has been
used wherein the heat liberated by the reaction of quicklime with water would be utilized
and the subsequent conversion of hydrated lime back to quicklime by the usage of solar
radiation in a parabolic concentrator. The stored energy also satisfies the household
energy demand of Ethiopia and it is one of the promising remedy for the rural people as it
is made from locally available materials.

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 Nomenclature
C concentrating ratio

Aa Aperture area

Ar Receiver area

Ib Beam radiation

D Aperture diameter

S absorbed radiation per unit area of unshaded aperture

 Reflectance of the concentrator

γ, intercept factor

τ transmittance of the absorber,

α, absorbance of the absorber

Kγτα, incident angle modifier

Q useful energy

AS surface area of the paraboloid

Aa area of aperature

b spacing between two fins

k thermal conductivity of the material

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Mf mass of food

Es specific energy
T cooking time
h1 convective coefficient for the air
h2 convective coefficient for the fluid
Q heat transfer rate
Q” heat flux
Cp specific heat capacity
As surface area of the fin
Δx thickness of the fin
δ width of the fin
ή efficiency of the fin
L length of the fin
 fin effectiveness
Hvf heating value of fuel
FCR fuel consumption rate
Mf mass of food item
H1 height of the stove
H2 height of pouring vessel
T1 initial temperature of the stove
T2 maximum temperature of the fluid

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 List of tables

Table.1. Important property table (P38)

Table.2. Table which shows all the information of the fin (P39)

Table.3. Table of maximum temperature (P39)

Table.4. Energy requirements for cooking food and for boiling of water (P48)

Table.5. Cost analysis (P54)

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 List of figure

Fig.1 Chemical and thermo chemical storage using sorption (P11)

Fig. 2 Indirect heat storage by way of a reversible closed system (P12)

Fig.3 flat plate collector (P17)

Fig. 4 parabolic through (P18)

Fig.5 parabolic dish (P18)

Fig. 6 central receiver (P19)

Fig. 7 Schematic for illustration of concentration ratio (P21)

Fig .8 collector efficiency (P22)

Fig.9 Description of the parabola (P24)

Fig. 10 Segments of a parabola having a common focus F and the same aperture

Aperture diameter (P26)

Fig.11 Parabola geometry (P27)

Fig.12 Water injection (P45)

Fig.13 Insulation (P46)

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Fig.14 cooking pan attached with the fin (P46)

Fig 15 support frame (P47)

Table of content
Chapter one............................................Error: Reference source not found
Introduction.................................................................Error: Reference source not found
1.1 Solar Energy.............................................................................................................. 2
1.2 Mechanical storage methods......................................................................................3
1.3 Thermal storage......................................................................................................... 3
1.4 Latent heat storage.....................................................................................................4

Chapter two................................................................................................ 8
Literature review.............................................................................................................8
2.1 Some of the problems inherent in the nature of solar radiation...............................12
2.2 Previous works in thermochemical energy storage system..................................... 12
2.3 Current objective and scopes...................................................................................14
Chapter three...............................................................................................16
Basics of solar energy collection................................................................................... 16
3.1 Solar collectors........................................................................................................ 16
3.2.1 Flat-plate collector............................................................................................16
3.2.2. Concentrating collectors.................................................................................. 17
3.2 Some design consideration in solar collector.......................................................... 19
3.3 Design specification.................................................................................................22
3.4 Size and Geometry of Concentrator......................Error: Reference source not found
Chapter four.................................................................................................. 29

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 Solar energy storage using reversible chemical reaction..............................................29
4.1 Mass analysis...........................................................................................................30
4.2 Determination of reactor vessel height....................................................................34
4.3 Calculation of fins.................................................Error: Reference source not found
4.5 Fin effectivnessr.......................................................................................................41
4.6 Stove design.............................................................................................................44
4.7Amount of energy needed to cook some selected food stuffs including boiling of
water.................................................................................................................................. 48

Chapter five................................................ Error: Reference source not found

Results and discussion..................................................................................................52
Cost Estimation..............................................................................................................54
Conclusion and Recommendation................................................................................. 55
Bibliography…………………………………………………………………………56

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