WEEK 17

Lesson 3

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE & PAST PERFECT TENSE

Present Perfect Tense Past Perfect Tense
▪ ▪ to talk about actions that were completed before some point in the past.
refers to an action or state that either occurred at an indefinite time in the
past or began in the past and continued to the present time. ▪ to talk about something that happened before something else.
▪ examples: ▪ refers to a time earlier than before now.
We have talked before. (tiada masa yang spesifik) ▪ simply put, it is to show that one event happened before another in the
He has grown impatient over the last hour. (dah lepas tapi masih past.
berterusan sampai sekarang) ▪ examples:
▪ this tense is formed by have/ has + past participle. Rapani had gone out when I arrived in the office.
I had saved my document before the computer crashed.
He was very tired because he hadn't slept well.
▪ this tense is formed by had + past participle.
USING PRESENT PERFECT TENSE & PAST PERFECT TENSE
Present Perfect Tense Past Perfect Tense
1. to describe something that occurred or was the state of things at an 1. Past Perfect Tense + Just:
unspecified time in the past (tiada masa yang spesifik). 'Just' is used with the past perfect to refer to an event that was only a short
I have walked on this path before. time earlier than before now (baru sahaja).
We have eaten the lasagne here. The train had just left when I arrived at the station.
She had just left the room when the police arrived.
Correct I have put away all the laundry. I had just put the washing out when it started to rain.
Incorrect I have put away all the laundry this morning.
2. a question is indicated by inverting (tukar ) the subject and had.
2. to talk about the duration of something that started in the past is still Had they arrived? (adakah mereka dah sampai?)
happening (berlaku pada masa lalu tapi masih berterusan sampai Hadn't you told him? (bukankah awak dah beritahu dia?)
sekarang).
She has had the chickenpox since Tuesday. 3. negatives (bukan/ tidak) are made with NOT
We had not decided.
She had not finished the test.
3. a question is indicated by inverting (tukar ) the subject and have/ has.
Have you finished? (adakah awak dah siap?)
Have you had your breakfast? (adakah awak dah sarapan?)
Haven’t you finished? (bukankah awak dah siap?)
4. negatives (bukan/ tidak) are made with NOT.
You have not won the contest.
She has not heard from him.
5. contraction with Present Perfect Tense:
I have – I’ve He has – He’s
You have – You’ve She has – She’s
He has – He’s We have – We’ve
Tips: Kalau jumpa Past Tense, pakai Past Perfect Tense!
✓ I have written articles on different topics.
✓ He has read various kinds of books.
✓ They have played badminton.
✓ She has taken coffee.
✓ He has gone to the library.
✓ We have shopped in this market.
✓ We have watched movies in this Cineplex.
✓ I have listened to melodious songs.
✓ He has travelled around the world.
✓ They have played football in that field.
✓ The poet has written romantic poems.
✓ Have you listened to his songs?
✓ I have not quarrelled with you.
✓ Have you been to this place before? (pernah pergi)
✓ I have helped him to do the task.
✓ My mom has cooked beef with cabbage.
✓ I have watched the football match on television.
4. contraction with Past Perfect Tense:
I had – I’d He had – He’d They had – They’d
You had – You’d She had – She’d
He had – He’d We had – We’d had not – hadn’t
They have – They’ve
have not – haven’t
has not – hasn’t
EXAMPLES
✓ I had written articles on various topics before he came.
✓ He had read different kinds of books before you came.
✓ They had played badminton in that field before it started to rain.
✓ She had gone to the coffee shop before she came home.
✓ He had studied in the library before he came to the class.
✓ I came here after you had left.
✓ We had shopped in that shop before we came home.
✓ We had watched a movie in that Cineplex before he came.
✓ I had practised the songs before the program started.
✓ I had listened to melodious songs before I started the work.
✓ He had travelled around the world before he came to Malaysia.
✓ The poet had written a romantic poem before he attended the event.
✓ Had you come to the event before I came?
✓ I had not watched the football match on television before you came.
✓ He had not practised the song before he sang it in the competition.
✓ I helped him to do the task after I had finished my work.
✓ We had bought an ice-cream before we left the ice-cream parlour.