Infinitives  TO + VERB  NOT + TO + VERB

• After some verbs → want, need, try, would like, etc.

You need to stay here.

• After adjectives

This homework is difficult to do.

• After questions words → what, why, where, when, etc.

Tell me when to go for ice cream.

• To say why you do/did something.

I answer the workbook to pass the course.

Gerund  VERB + ING  NOT + VERB + ING

• As a noun → the object or subject of a sentence

Eating outside is better. (In the beginning of the sentence)

• After some verbs → like, love, hate, enjoy, etc.

I love swimming in the summer.

• After prepositions → for, without, in, at, etc.

I´m good at studying English.

 Should  should  shouldn´t

• For advice or possibilities

Positive

Sub + should + verb (base form) + complement

You should study for your exam.

Negative

Sub + shouldn´t + verb (base form) + complement

You shouldn´t drink a lot of coke.

First conditional

• To talk about possible situations

If you go on vacations , you will be relaxed.

comma
Simple present Future

You will be relaxed if you go on vacations. → Without comma

Negative

If you don’t go on vacations, you won´t be relaxed.

she, he and it
doesn´t
 Possessive pronouns

• To talk about possession

Subject Possessive adjectives Possessive pronouns

I Whose coat, is it? It´s my coat It´s mine
You Whose jacket, is it? It´s your jacket It´s yours
She Whose phone, is it? It´s her phone It´s hers
He Whose bag, is it? It´s his bag It´s his
we Whose dog, is it? It´s our dog It´s ours
They Whose house, is it? It´s their house It´s theirs

Don’t use possessive pronouns with noun → It´s hers car.

second conditional

• To talk about imaginary or hypothetical situations

If only I had time , I would visit my family.

comma
If + past Would + verb

I would visit my family if only I had time. → Without comma

Negative

If I didn’t have time, I wouldn´t visit my family.

 Present perfect

• Use to talk about situations that started in the past and are still true now.

Sub Have / Has Verb Past P. For / Since Time

I, You, They, We have worked there for 3 months

She, He, It has been here for 1 hour

I, You, They, We have worked there since April
She, He, It has been here since 4:00 pm
Questions
I, You, They, We How long have you worked there?
She, He, It How long has she been here?