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Capacitance of Transmission
Line
Transmission line conductors constitute a capacitor between them. The conductors of the
transmission line act as a parallel plate of the capacitor and the air is just like a dielectric
medium between them. The capacitance of a line gives rise to the leading current between the
conductors. It depends on the length of the conductor.
The capacitance of the line is proportional to the length of the transmission line. Their effect is
negligible on the performance of short (having a length less than 80 km) and low voltage
transmission line. In the case of high voltage and long lines, it is considered as one of the most
important parameters.
The capacitance of the transmission line along with the conductances forms the shunt
admittance. The conductance in the transmission line is because of the leakage over the
surface of the conductor. Considered a line consisting of two conductors a and b each of radius
r. The distance between the conductors being D shown in the diagram below:-
so that,
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2/3/2021 What is the Capacitance of a Transmission Line? - Capacitance of Two-wire Line & Symmetrical Three-phase Line - Circuit Globe
If the two conductors a and b are oppositely charged, and the potential difference between
them is zero, then the potential of each conductor is given by 1/2 Vab.
Capacitance Cab is the combination of two equal capacitance a and b in series. Thus,
capacitance to neutral is twice the capacitance between the conductors, i.e.,
where εo is the permittivity of the free space and εr is the relative permittivity of the medium.
For air
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2/3/2021 What is the Capacitance of a Transmission Line? - Capacitance of Two-wire Line & Symmetrical Three-phase Line - Circuit Globe
The phasor diagram of the three-phase line with equilateral spacing is shown below
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2/3/2021 What is the Capacitance of a Transmission Line? - Capacitance of Two-wire Line & Symmetrical Three-phase Line - Circuit Globe
Also,
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2/3/2021 What is the Capacitance of a Transmission Line? - Capacitance of Two-wire Line & Symmetrical Three-phase Line - Circuit Globe
The capacitance of symmetrical three-phase line is same as that of the two-wire line.
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