Samuel A.

Garcia
ICE 2102

3. An air compressor (an open system) receives 272 kg per min of air at 99.29 kPa and
a specific volume of 0.026 m3/kg. The air flows steady through the compressor and
is discharged at 689.5 kPa and 0.0051 m3/kg. The initial internal energy of the air is
1594 J/kg; at discharge, the internal energy is 6241 J/kg. The cooling water
circulated around the cylinder carries away 4383 J/kg of air. The change in kinetic
energy is 896 J/kg. Sketch an energy diagram. Compute the work.

Solutions: W ? Q

K1 K2

Wf1 Wf2

U1 U2

ENERGY DIAGRAM
P1 = 99.29 kPa
V1 = 0.026 m3/kg
u1 = 1594 J/kg
ṁ = 272 kg/min
p2 = 69.5 kPa
v2 = 0.0051 m3/kg
u2 = 6241 J/kg
ΔK = 896 J/kg

P1 + K1 + Wf1 + U1 + Q = P2 + K2 + Wf2 + U2 + W

Basis 1 kgm

𝒌𝑵 𝒎𝟑
Wf1 = p1v1 = (99.29𝒎𝟐 ) (0.026 𝒌𝒈 ) = 2.5815 kJ/kg
𝒌𝑵 𝒎𝟑
Wf2 = p2v2 = (689.5 𝟐 ) (0.0051 ) = 3.5165 kJ/kg
𝒎 𝒌𝒈

Wf1 + u1 + Q = ΔK + Wf2 + u2 + W

2. 582 + 1.594 – 4.383 = 0.896 + 3.516 + 6.241 + W

𝒌𝑱
W = -10.86 𝒌𝒈
𝒌𝑱 𝒌𝒈
W= (-10.86𝒌𝒈) (272𝒎𝒊𝒏)
𝒌𝑱
W= -2953.92 𝒎𝒊𝒏
4. A centrifugal pump operating under steady flow conditions delivers 2,270 kg/min of
water from an initial pressure of 82,740Pa to a final pressure of 275,800 Pa. The
diameter of the inlet pipe to the pump is 15.24 cm and the diameter of the discharge
pipe is 10.16 cm. What is the work?

Solutions:

ṁ = 2270 kg/min
d1 = 0.1524 m
p1 = 82,740 Pa
ρ = 1000 kg/m3
d2 = 0.1016 m
p2 = 275,800 Pa
𝝅
Area at entrance, A1 = 𝟒 (0.1524)2 = 0.01824 m2
𝝅
Area at exit, A2= 𝟒 (0.1016)2 = 0.008107 m2 / 8.1073x10-3 m2
𝟐𝟐𝟕𝟎 𝒌𝒈𝒎
ṁ
Speed at entrance, υ = 1 = 𝒌𝒈
𝟔𝟎 𝒔
= 2.0742 m/s
𝛒𝟏𝑨𝟏 (𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝟑𝒎 )(𝟎.𝟎𝟏𝟖𝟐𝟒 𝒎𝟐 )
𝒎
𝟐𝟐𝟕𝟎 𝒌𝒈𝒎
ṁ
Speed at exit, υ2 = = 𝒌𝒈
𝟔𝟎 𝒔
= 4.6667 m/s
𝛒𝟐 𝑨𝟐 (𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝟑𝒎 )(𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟖𝟏𝟎𝟕 𝒎𝟐 )
𝒎

Basis 1 kgm
𝒎
𝛖𝟐 (𝟐.𝟎𝟕𝟒𝟐 )𝟐 𝑵.𝒎
K1 = 𝟐𝒌𝟏 = 𝒌𝒈
𝒔
= 2.1512 𝒌𝒈
[(𝟐) 𝟏 𝒎.𝒎 ] 𝒎.
𝑵.𝒔𝟐
𝟐 𝒎 𝟐
𝛖𝟐 (𝟒.𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟕 ) 𝑵.𝒎
𝒔
K2 = = 𝒌𝒈 = 10.8890 𝒌𝒈
𝟐𝒌 [(𝟐) 𝟏 𝒎.𝒎 ] 𝒎.
𝑵.𝒔𝟐
𝑵
𝒑 𝟖𝟐,𝟕𝟒𝟎 𝟐 𝑵.𝒎
Wf1 = p1v1 = 𝛒𝟏 = 𝒎
𝒌𝒈 = 82.74 𝒌𝒈
𝟏 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝟑 𝒎.
𝒎
𝑵
𝒑 𝟐𝟕𝟓,𝟖𝟎𝟎 𝟐 𝑵.𝒎
Wf2 = p2v2 = 𝛒𝟐 = 𝒌𝒈
𝒎
= 275.8 𝒌𝒈
𝟐 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝟑 𝒎.
𝒎
P1 + K1 + u1 + Wf1 + q = P2 + K2 + u2 + Wf2 + W

K1 + Wf1 = K2 +Wf2 + W
2.1512 + 82.74 = 10.8890 + 275.8 + W

𝑵.𝒎
W = -201.7978 𝒌𝒈𝒎
𝑵.𝒎 𝒌𝒈
W= (-201.7978𝒌𝒈 ) (2270𝒎𝒊𝒏)
𝒎
c -458081.006
W=
𝒌𝑱
𝒎𝒊𝒏
 5. A turbine operates under steady flow conditions, receiving steam at the following
state: pressure 1200 kPa, temperature 1880C, enthalpy 2785 kJ/kg, speed 33.3 m/s
and elevation 3 m. The steam leaves the turbine at the following pressure 20 kPa,
enthalpy 2512 kJ/kg, speed 100 m/s and elevation 0 m. Heat is lost to the
surroundings at the rate of 0.29 kJ/s. If the rate of steam flow through the turbine is
0.42 kg/s, what is the power output of the turbine in kW?

Solutions:

z1 = 3 m
z2 = 0m
𝒌𝑱
h1 = 2785 𝒌𝒈
𝒌𝑱
h2 = 2512 𝒌𝒈
𝒎
υ1 = 33.3 𝒔
𝒎
υ2 = 100 𝒔
𝒌𝑱
Q = -0.29 𝒔
𝒌𝒈
ṁ = 0.42 𝒔

Basis 1 kgm
𝒎
𝒈𝒛𝟏 (𝟗.𝟖𝟎𝟔𝟔 𝟐)(𝟑 𝒎) 𝒌𝑱
𝒔
P1 = = 𝒌𝒈 = 0.0294 𝒌
𝒌 𝟏 .𝒎 𝒈.
𝑵.𝒔𝟐

𝒎
𝛖𝟐𝟏 (𝟑𝟑.𝟑 )𝟐 𝒌𝑱
𝒔
K1 = 𝟐𝒌 = 𝒌𝒈 = 0.5544 𝒌
[(𝟐) 𝟏 𝒎.𝒎 ] 𝒈.
𝑵.𝒔𝟐

𝒎
𝛖𝟐 (𝟏𝟎𝟎 )𝟐 𝒌𝑱
K2 = 𝟐𝒌𝟐 = 𝒔
𝒌𝒈 = 5.000 𝒌
[(𝟐) 𝟏 𝒎.𝒎 ] 𝒈.
𝑵.𝒔𝟐

𝒌𝑱
−𝟎.𝟐𝟗 𝒌𝑱
𝒔
Q= 𝒌𝒈 = -0.6905 𝒌
𝟎.𝟒𝟐 𝒈.
𝒔

P1 + K1 + h1 + Q = P2 + K2 + h2 + W

P1 + K1 + h1 + Q = K2 + h2 + W

0.0294 + 0.5544 + 2785 + (-0.6905) = 5.000 + 2512 + W

𝒌𝑱
W = 267.9 𝒌
𝒈.

𝒌𝑱 𝒌𝑱
W= (267.9𝒌 ) (0.42𝒌 )
𝒈. 𝒈.

W= 112.518 kW