2.

0 CONTENT
2.1 PART A: Climate change environmental issue

In this assignment, on the environmental issues that I have chosen to discuss are one
of the famous environmental issues, climate change. Climate refer to the usual weather in a
place over a longer period of time. Therefore, climate change is a change in the usual weather
for a month or season which is found in a place[ CITATION San17 \l 1033 ]. It could be a change
in Earth’s usual temperature, precipitation, winds and other indicators of where it falls on the
Earth. The world is most concerned nowadays about the climate changes occurring today
have been accelerated. Moreover, scientists around the world are being studied the evidence
of these changes from big picture of Earth-orbiting satellite and paleoclimate like ice cores,
tree rings, ocean sediments, coral reefs and layers of sedimentary rocks [CITATION NAS \l
1033 ]. Therefore, there are two types of causes for climate change, natural and
anthropogenic.

There are some natural factors for climate change. The more prominent ones are
orbital changes, continental drift, volcanoes and, comet and meteorites. Orbital changes
caused by variations in the tilt of the Earth around the Sun. This affects the severity of the
season, such as warmer summer and colder winter at more tilt and cooler summers and milder
winters in less tilt. Continental drift is the separation of the landmasses that change the flow
of ocean currents and winds. It affecting atmospheric rotation processes by changing size and
location of both land masses and ice caps, as well as by altering ocean circulation patterns
which are transporting heat around the earth. Besides this, volcanoes one of the natural
factors are throws out large volume of sulphur dioxide (SO2), water vapour, dust and ash into
the atmosphere. Moreover, some dust and particular of debris from the collision comets and
meteorites affect the blocking of sun’s rays. Although climate change is occurred by this,
according to NASA the influence of natural causes is too small or they occur too slowly to
explain the rapid warming [ CITATION NAS10 \l 1033 ].

Furthermore, climate change occurs due to anthropogenic (human) activities

[ CITATION Mel17 \l 1033 ] . Human activities increase the greenhouse gases in atmosphere such
as burning fossil fuels, deforestation, dumping waste in landfill, agriculture and other
activities which is led to rise in the emission of carbon dioxide. The plants are absorbing
carbon dioxide during photosynthesis. So, higher amount of carbon dioxide into atmosphere
released by deforestation such as logging, clear-cutting, fires and other forms of forest
degradation. Burning of fossil fuels like coal, gas and oil for electricity, heat and
transportation also release carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Moreover, methane gas is
formed when the waste is decomposed when dumping waste in landfill. Also, livestock
production of cattle, buffalo, sheep and goats produce methane gas and fertilizer increases the
nitrous oxide. Certain industrial processes release fluorinated gases and road construction can
change the reflectivity of earth’s surface which is leading local warming and cooling.

Therefore, due to the climate change, human and wild animal face new challenges for
survival. For an example, the most common and deadly natural disaster such as intense
storms and heavy precipitation make floods and pollute the water resources. Thus, a lot of
creature die, things get damaged and water quality may be affected. Moreover, severe heat
waves are one of the reasons for thousands of deaths from hyperthermia, catastrophic crop
failures, lakes drying up and widespread power outages. Hereby, human beings may struggle
a lot for their basic needs and also those who are work outdoors will be most affected in their
daily life. Due to climate change such as temperature warm and precipitation increases more
pathogens thrive and affect the plants health which can spoil too much of foods. Melting
glaciers due to extreme weather events throughout the globe. It has contributed to raising sea
levels, leading the extinction of numerous species and fresh water decreases. It brings the
earth to destructive erosion, wetland flooding, aquifer and agricultural soil contamination
with salt. The climate change also disruptions the travelling.

In conclusion, we can see there are many effects of climate changes that seriously
affecting our environment, health, safety and biodiversity. If we still do not take any action to
prevent from this, our mother earth will become even sick more seriously. We need to take
part and try to stop global warming and other impact on climate change. Moreover, we
should protect our environment and prevent from climate change such as stop cutting off
trees, car-pooling and etc. Therefore, we must be together to protect and love our beautiful
Mother Earth and try to keep her as healthy as we can.