41=1

42=1
2
43 = ✗

Step I 4- = 41=1

V2 = 42 -
( 42 ,
r, )
↳
1/4/12

c) 114117 Cu , ,u ) ,
=
of 'uidx= 1

( U2, G)
⇒ =
If 42.0, dk : % Kdk= £

02 = k
ta
-

V3 : Uz - ( 43,01) ( 43 , V2 )
V1 V2
-
'

1/9/12 1/02/12
( Usa > =
£1 xtdx =

}
<us , V27 =
f. (x E) I
'

tax :# K tuk "] ¥

✗ '
-
= 'c -
' -

'

Gritz >
11h11
lol ( [ 1-3×3
'

I)2dx= fol k
Kttydk
=

titty
-

13--1-2+4=1-2
- -
=
x - -

1¥ ¥÷
D= E- x2
( x f) x2
§ ✗+
{ x
-11-6
-

=
-

,
-
.

=
. - -

ortoghonal basis P2
§ Fe x2
Ktgt
untuk V
,
=
I vz=x - -

orthonormal basis untuk P2

{ Fun '¥wiI÷ } ,

Hulk FE =
G. ✗ = F- I
11h11 =
if> =

"↳ "
=FÉrI=Iii= .fi?-i:xa-;x+zgT--Fs---F-J-T-so--Fhso
Maka othonormal basis

{ 1
, Bax -1 ) ,
B- (614-6×-11) ]
 -

Ui= ( 6,2 ,
-2, 6)
42=(1,1/-2,8)
43=(-5,1151-7)
<" " " > = 6-12-14µg
7

a) V2 :
the UK

U2
(6,21-2/6)
( U2 , V1 )
✓ Huitt =
,

642-+1-212-162
go

= V80
V,
-

↳y
,

V2= ( 1,1 , -48 )

G÷ (6,21-2/6)
-

=
1-2 ,
-

£ ,
-

£1 :)
g)
11th
"=fFÉÉTtf±p+(zT=E=5
(Y;j¥- (%¥÷
•
I ↳ = Us
V2
-

V1 -

qq.iq ) = -30-12-10-42=-80
Guzik> =
-525 -15-2-3-1 -1¥ = -45

(-54%-1)
Cj tz¥ (-12,1-1-21-111)
=

(6,21-46)
-
• -

(-5%1%1%118)
=

Maka orthogonal basis uektor

U=C6is , -2,6 ) tie

(-121-121-1-212) 03=(-5%1401%1-5110)
 -

1
.
A T: Mos -7 Maz Oleh T
(A) =A2
sika T linear transformation ,
Maka setiap AB C-
Mordan seciap KEIR memenuhi
:

•
TCKA )=k TCA) -

1- (AtB) = 1- (A) 1- TCB)

Misa ) identities matriks

I=[ 1,0 ] ,

)=t([ : :)) :[ ¥541 :)

1- cat

21-(17--211,9)=4 :)
T linear transformation
homogeneity tidakterpenuhi , tidak

b T.mn → Rolen 1- (A) = trCA )

sika T linear transformation AIBEM-2 KEIR memenuhi
,
Maka setiap ,dan seciap :

•
TCKA )=k TCA) -
(homogeneity)
1- (AtB) = 1- (A) 1- TCB) ( additivity )

Misa / A,BEM22 arbitrary matrices :

A=[ An 922) all 912 B- -

[ bybit 622
bk
]
Homogeneity Additivity
A) = tr( KA )
)=tr( [ 921-1621
aiitbu 912-1612
))
1- Ck -

TCATB

([ ))
tr KAK
= Kau Azztb 22
KAH KAK =
All -1 by -1922 -1622
= K Can -1922 ) = 1- (A) 1-TCB)
= k tr
-

(A)
= KTCA)

1- linear transformation
 1- (A) = A + AT
T :M22→Mzz
" dimaria

sika T linear transformation

,
Maka setiap AB C-
Mordan seciap KEIR Memenuhi
:

•
TCKA )=k TCA) -
(homogeneity)
TCA +B) = 1- (A) 1- TCB) ( additivity )
Homogeneity
TCKA) = KA -1k CAIT

= KCATAT) = KITA)

Additivity
"
TCA -1 B) = (ATB) 1- (ATB)
= CAT AT) + [ Btbt)=tCA)tTCB)

t linear transformation
 -

TCU
3. T= IR →
>

Rg
dimand ) = Hull

sika T linear transformation ,

Maka setiap ,vE1R↳,dan
U seciap KEIR Memenuhi
:

•
Tae a)
.
= k -
Tcu) (homogeneity)
1- Cutie )= Tcu) 1- Tcu) ( additivity )

=\ :o) I :o)
"
min •

)=T)
tcu -10
additivity

=fÉ=r
Tcu) + tcv) = Hull -111011
= Tito -102 -1 ¥2-102--2
Tcu -10) =/ Tcu ) + TCH

T bukan linear transformation

5 .

sika T linear transformation ,

Maka setiap At,A2EMzzz,dan seciap KEIR Memenuhi :

•
TCKAD = k 1-
-
(A1) (homogeneity)
1- G- HAD = TIA,)tTCA< ) ( additivity )

let Al ,AzEMzz arbitan matrices

HOMOGENEITY
TCKAI)=(KAI)B= KCA , B) = KITA,)

ADDITIVITY
1- ( Ait Az) = (Ait Az) B=AiBtAzB= TCA)tTBz )
-

1- linear transformation