`
VERBAL ABILITY HANDOUT
(Para Formation and Para Completion)
Ref: VAHO1002103
Directions for questions 1 to 20: The sentences given in
each of the following questions, when properly sequenced,
form a coherent paragraph. Each sentence is indicated with
a number. Choose the most logical order of sentences that
constructs a coherent paragraph and mark the correct
sequence in the box provided below the question.
1. (1) We live at the end of an era characterized by
relentless anxiety around the self as a product:
what it means, who owns it, what it costs, what
it’s worth.
(2) We are at the end of an era characterized by the
self-portrait.
(3) The word celebrity suggests that this value can be
quantified and, generally, stands as a catch-all term
for the collective disorders (disembodied desire,
objectified anxiety, schadenfreude as catharsis).
(4) This claim is not provocative—we’ve lived as
characters for some time and have all felt it coming.
2. (1) Everyone around you seems to have read more
and more intelligently, and in more languages,
than you.
(2) Then there is the pressure to master bodies of
knowledge of vast but uncertain magnitude and
simultaneously to think up some original
contribution to that knowledge.
(3) It is impossible to overstate just how much
professional anxiety graduate school can produce
even at a well-funded program like Princeton’s.
(4) Professors make conspiratorial quips about the
naïve responses of their undergraduates
(responses that resemble your own since you
have, after all, just finished undergrad), and
constant mini-trials, some casual, some official,
test whether you are successfully evolving from
said naïve undergraduate to deserving member
of the academy.
3. (1) The epistemic and moral progress of human
civilization seems to, at the very least, correlate
with progress in collective governance.
(2) We live in a rules-based world, and we are better
off for it.
(3) Rules that govern human activity reduce
transaction costs, create planning security, and
increase the probability of good outcomes in
uncertain decision-making contexts.
(4) Even though people tend to dislike the
labyrinthine ways of bureaucratic procedure and
the frustrating reality of red tape, governance
is both necessary and a blessing.
© Triumphant Institute of Management Education Pvt. Ltd. (T.I.M.E.), 95-B, Siddamsetty Complex, Park Lane, Secunderabad – 500 003.
All rights reserved. No part of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing.
This course material is only for the use of bonafide students of Triumphant Institute of Management Education Pvt. Ltd. and its
licensees/franchisees and is not for sale. (6 pages) (agcu/agcv)
4. (1) Climate scientists attribute the rising trends in
flooding and heat waves to human-induced
climate change.
(2) A study in the journal Scientific Reports found
that the decadal mean of daily maximum
temperature for April and May in the 2010s is
40–42 C, over large parts of India.
(3) Greenhouse gas emissions, of which carbon
dioxide is the biggest component, make the earth
warmer and lead to more heat waves.
(4) Warmer air holds more moisture, which results in
more intense rainfall and provides more energy
for storms.
5. (1) Yet, the reality is that a third of the world’s
stunted children under five — an estimated 46.6
million who have low height for age — live
in India.
(2) As the Global Nutrition Report 2018 points out,
this finding masks the wide variation in stunting
levels in different parts of the country.
(3) A quarter of the children display wasting (that is,
low weight for height) as well.
(4) The health, longevity and well-being of Indians
has improved since Independence, and the high
levels of economic growth over the past two-and-
half-decades have made more funds available to
spend on the social sector.
6. (1) The myth may have its origins in making sense
of the sandy rheum that dries and gathers as
a crust in the corners of the eyes while one
sleeps.
(2) Quite benevolent in much of this folklore, the
Sandman is often portrayed as helping
people sleep and inviting good dreams by
sprinkling magical sand into the eyes during the
night.
(3) When E.T.A. Hoffman published his short
novella, The Sandman in 1816, he added a dark
twist to the mythical character often portrayed in
Western and Scandinavian folklore.
(4) In any case, Hoffman’s Sandman was
a dangerous, virulent figure, and his tale could
only bring on nightmares.
(5) Or, maybe we just like the idea of someone kind
who can “bring us a dream.”
VAHO1002103/1
7. (1) The compulsive jokiness with which so many
modern Americans deflect the subject of aging
can get pretty tiresome.
(2) But perhaps it’s not the worst way to handle the
matter.
(3) There was irony built into the joke, a self-
mockery that was at least honest enough to
acknowledge itself.
(4) That was the approach taken by the great
comedian Jack Benny, whose trademark shtick
included the comic pretense that he was
perpetually thirty-nine.
(5) At least one avoids the undignified excesses of
self-pity and despair by making light of an
admittedly unwelcome condition, even while
implicitly confessing one’s susceptibility to an all-
too-human vanity.
8. (1) Ever since the 16th century, when manuscript
copies of his great work The Prince began to
circulate in Europe, his family name has been
used to describe a particularly nasty form of
politics: calculating, cutthroat and self-interested.
(2) Machiavelli at one point advises a political leader
who has recently annexed a new territory to
make sure to eliminate the bloodline of the
previous ruler lest they form a conspiracy to
unseat him.
(3) Niccolò Machiavelli has a bad reputation.
(4) He also praises the ‘cruelty … well-used’ by the
mercenary captain Cesare Borgia in laying the
foundations of his rule of the area around Rome.
(5) There are, to be sure, reasons for this.
9. (1) Spinning the archaic myth of the super bronze
robot Talos into modern warfare, the first
surface-to-air missiles were named after Minos’
bronze guardian of Crete.
(2) As in antiquity, the use of such entities to interact
with human beings raises serious ethical
concerns and fears.
(3) Today’s military scientists are creating cyborg-
robot soldiers and self-driving weapons at
speeds that outstrip our ability to work out the
practical and moral issues that surround such
wonders.
(4) Also inspired by mythical automatons, the US
Pentagon’s DARPA scientists are developing
TALOS, a weaponized and armored AI
exoskeleton for battle.
(5) Modern engineers are manufacturing robots and
AI entities more than 2,500 years after mythic
tales of the AI-endowed Golden Maidens,
animated bronze statues of animals and
humans, drone-like raptors, automaton warriors,
self-propelled tripods and the replicant Pandora
were circulating in ancient Greece and millennia
after real inventors in the ancient world were
beginning to design and build animated
machines.
Triumphant Institute of Management Education Pvt. Ltd. (T.I.M.E.) HO: 95B, 2nd Floor, Siddamsetty Complex, Secunderabad – 500 003.
Tel : 040–40088400 Fax : 040–27847334 email : info@time4education.com website : www.time4education.com
10. (1) The Pan-American left’s chief task is to lead, by
aligning its longstanding agenda of social
equality with breakneck struggles to decarbonize
the economy and cope with extreme weather.
(2) This imperative includes building a vast new
clean energy sector, overhauling agriculture
toward sustainable methods, reversing
deforestation, and reorganizing urban life.
(3) Nothing will affect the future of the left in the
Americas more than climate change, both in its
already inevitable effects, and in the Herculean,
fifty-year effort we must make to keep those
impacts remotely bearable.
(4) Even if such a transformation is not on the
politicians’ agenda, setting the terms for
a transition away from carbon is increasingly
a preoccupation for the global economic elite.
(5) Every left-wing political party, indigenous nation,
labor union, community group, racial and gender
and housing justice movement will take part in
this.
11. (1) How did the pumpkin go from everyday produce
to seasonal treat?
(2) But at one point, the squash was as ubiquitous
as bread—and sometimes even more so, as
American colonists would rely on it to make
bread when their harvest of wheat fell short.
(3) With its spice-infused creamy, orange filling and
crisp crust, there’s nothing quite like pumpkin pie
to herald the arrival of the Thanksgiving holiday.
(4) It’s a story more than 10,000 years in the making.
(5) The pumpkin features uniquely in the fall holiday
and the autumn weeks generally, remaining
absent from other celebrations like the Fourth of
July or Christmas.
12. (1) It’s true that as a species we have evolved to be
flexible, a kind of second-order adaptation – but
when we find adapting to power inequalities
stressful, as many of us do today, it damages
both our physical and our mental health.
(2) For most of the time since the emergence of our
species some 300,000 years ago, we have been
hunter-gatherers.
(3) Our need for companionship, for relaxed
playfulness, for opportunities to sing and laugh
together – all these things have their roots in the
hunter-gatherer way of life.
(4) Every aspect of our minds and bodies has
evolved in response to this long-lasting and
immensely stable way of life.
(5) To answer the anthropologist’s question about
what it means to be human, then, modern hunter-
gather societies remain particularly important.
VAHO1002103/2
13. (1) There, and only there, did he feel at home; in its
immense solitude, his imagination could roam
unhindered and his ‘eagle soul’ could ‘escape
from its prison’.
(2) To the poet, SándorPetőfi (1823-49), it was
‘boundless as the ocean’ and almost as empty.
(3) From the Carpathians in the north and east to the
Dinaric Alps in the south, the Great Hungarian
Plain (Alföld) is bewitching in its vastness.
(4) Uninterrupted by hills and with scarcely a tree to
be seen, it seems to have neither beginning nor
end.
(5) AsPetőfi explained in Az Alföld (‘The Plains’), it
encapsulated a profound sense of freedom.
14. (1) Scientists now call most PCBs legacy
contaminants – enduring poisons from the past.
(2) Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are
a notorious class of global pollutants and
carcinogens capable of interfering with human
fertility, development, cognition and immunity.
(3) PCBs are everywhere, and by design, they
endure.
(4) Banned by international treaty, they nonetheless
live on in relic electrical equipment such as light
ballasts and transformers, in riverbeds, and even
in creatures of the extreme deep.
(5). Though human-made, the biomass recognizes
them and can even interact with them.
15. (1) Falafel, the archetypically Middle Eastern dish
made of ground chick peas and a staple of
Levantine cuisine, is as contentious as the region
itself.
(2) The Lebanese have tried to have the dish
recognized as their own; even the Yemeni say it
is they who invented it.
(3) More often than not, arguments about the origins
of falafel are refracted through the lens of political
rivalries.
(4) While the Israelis have fêted it as one of their
national dishes, the Palestinians are resentful of
what they perceive as the ‘theft’ of a distinctly
Arab specialty.
(5) This is not just a matter of culinary pride.
16. (1) All states require their citizens to follow laws and
regulations designed to help them live together
and make society function smoothly.
(2) We accept these restrictions on our freedom as
a trade-off for other benefits, such as peace,
security and prosperity.
(3) At the same time, most of us would insist that
there are some areas of life that should not be
regulated, and where individuals should have
considerable, if not complete, freedom.
(4) Virtually everyone agrees that we must accept
some restrictions on our negative freedom if we
are to avoid chaos.
Triumphant Institute of Management Education Pvt. Ltd. (T.I.M.E.) HO: 95B, 2nd Floor, Siddamsetty Complex, Secunderabad – 500 003.
Tel : 040–40088400 Fax : 040–27847334 email : info@time4education.com website : www.time4education.com
17. (1) But the value of facilitated photographs—
whether a carnival’s fake backdrop of Niagara
Falls or giant stilettos at the Happy Place—are
a bit more difficult to parse.
(2) Photography has long played a crucial role in
how we shape the narrative of our lives.
(3) The photos are blatantly staged and not attached
to important life events, they’re more about
creating evidence of having participated in a
grandiose hypervisual event that mirrors that
one-upmanship of social media.
(4) Milestones are documented, creating an archive
that can be looked back on for years to come.
18. (1) Like all philosophical schools in antiquity, the
Stoics sought to determine what happiness is
and how we can best achieve it.
(2) But the Stoics went further: Virtue, they claimed,
is all we need.
(3) For most ancient philosophers, living virtuously
was a key ingredient of eudaimonia.
(4) The Greek term for “happiness” is eudaimonia,
which refers to something broader than just being
in a happy state; it refers, roughly, to living
a good, flourishing life.
19. (1) We talk about ‘common sense’, or whether
something ‘makes sense’, or dismiss things as
‘nonsense’, but we rarely think about what sense
itself is, until it goes missing.
(2) Sense therefore appears to be a mental entity,
resistant to fixed definition.
(3) The German logician GottlobFrege in 1892 used
sense to describe a proposition’s meaning, as
something distinct from what it denoted.
(4) Language can’t always convey meaning alone –
it might need sense, which is the governing
context that framed it.
20. (1) At a time when ‘bad air’ was believed to be
a cause of disease, perfumes and incense were
used to cleanse the air both as prescribed
medicine and as a preventative health measure.
(2) This held true for Greco-Roman paganism as
well as for Judaism.
(3) Everybody used incense and unguents in the
home and in public buildings; a wide variety of
substances were burned in ritual settings –
mostly plants, oils and spices, often imported at
great cost from Arabia, Africa and India.
(4) Mediterranean religion in antiquity was rich with
olfaction.
VAHO1002103/3
Directions for questions 21 to 30: Each of the following
questions has a paragraph form which a sentence has been
deleted. From the given options, choose the one that
completes the paragraph in the most appropriate way.
21. With increasing focus on well-being and longevity as
opposed to the “enjoy now, pay later” syndrome,
health has become a priority for most urban Indians.
Health food stores are now fairly common, gyms are
packed, hotels and restaurants provide low calorie
meals and almost all public parks these days have
jogging tracks. In most grocery stores, foods fortified
with vitamins, foliate, minerals and herbal extracts are
as plentiful as the cheeses and cold cuts. _____
(A) The key to healthy living is awareness and
access to services and products that encourage
that process.
(B) New research suggests that spirituality and deep
rooted faith are the secrets of wellness.
(C) All signs point to a society that is growing
healthier by the day.
(D) Till comparatively recently, good health in Indian
society was equated with looking prosperous.
22. If writing literature is a transfer or transcription of
internal experience and imaginative states into the
external world, then even when authors and readers
speak the same language, writers are obliged to
translate, to engage in the immense, utopian effort to
transform the images and ideas flowing through their
most intimate spaces into material, legible terms to
which readers have access. And if this is so, the
doubts and paradoxical questions that pursue
translators must also arise for authors: Can the
written work ever be a perfect fit with that imaginative,
creative original when two different languages, two
realms of experience, can only approximate each
other : ________
(A) Should they re-examine their texts to see
whether they are truly meaningful to readers?
(B) Can there ever be a perfect work of literature?
(C) Are their texts, then, an inevitable betrayal of the
imagination and the creative impulse?
(D) Should it be their concern whether readers relate
to what they read, or not?
23. Darwin's book On the Origin of Species, published in
1859, argued that life has evolved by wholly natural
processes, without any supernatural intervention.
Every organism, he pointed out, varies in some
degree or trait from all other organisms, and that
variability is basic to evolution. In a world of limited
resources, variation must compete against variation,
and those individuals that survive and leave offspring,
provide the next generation of organisms that, in turn,
may leave heirs of their own. ________
(A) The less successful – those less fitted to their
environment – are relegated to the status of
parasites, forever dependent on a stronger
species.
(B) The less successful – those less fitted to their
environment – eventually vanish into the earth,
unless conditions suddenly change in their favor.
Triumphant Institute of Management Education Pvt. Ltd. (T.I.M.E.) HO: 95B, 2nd Floor, Siddamsetty Complex, Secunderabad – 500 003.
Tel : 040–40088400 Fax : 040–27847334 email : info@time4education.com website : www.time4education.com
(C) The less successful – those less fitted to their
environment – eventually find their way to more
conducive circumstances where they continue in
virtual isolation.
(D) Humans, among the weakest of Earth's species,
have proved themselves the exception to this
principle of 'only the strong survive'.
24. The word 'glamour' originally meant a literal magic
spell, which made the viewer see something that
wasn’t there. In its modern, metaphorical form,
glamour usually begins with a stylized image
– visual or mental – of a person, an object, an event,
or a setting. The image is not entirely false, but it is
misleading. Its allure depends on obscuring or
ignoring some details while heightening others.
We see the dance but not the rehearsals, the stiletto
heels but not the blisters, the skyline but not the dirty
streets, the sports car but not the petrol pump.
To sustain the illusion, glamour requires an element
of mystery ________
(A) It is a potent tool of persuasion, a form of
nonverbal rhetoric that heightens and focuses
desire
(B) It lifts us out of everyday experience and makes
our desires seem attainable, something that can
make life bearable for the most disadvantaged.
(C) It may provide momentary pleasure or life-
altering inspiration, depending on what you
see it in.
(D) It is not transparent or opaque but translucent,
inviting just enough familiarity to engage the
imagination and trigger the viewer’s own fantasies.
25. While the nation's competitive edge is weakened
when about half the workforce is not highly motivated,
what is truly unhappy is the personal deprivation
when an individual sees his or her job in overly self-
centered and materialistic terms. A job takes up so
much of one's waking hours that it's a crying shame
when it is viewed as just a way to make a living and
nothing more – as it is to three-quarters of workers.
By implication, there appears to be a deficiency in the
zest for tackling challenges, learning, excelling, and
developing a web of relationships. A subterranean
loss is the possible extension of that disengagement
to other aspects of one's life Clock watchers tend to
be downbeat about social spheres, too, whereas
engaged workers are more optimistic in general and
ready to work for desired outcomes. Of course,
employers can play a part in kindling enthusiasm by
shaping job roles that are interesting, purposeful and
offer growth opportunities. ________
(A) 54 per cent reported they were unhappy at work,
far removed from the minority holding the perfect
job
(B) Often, all it takes to be happy is the spirit of carpe
diem.
(C) But while looking at what a job has to offer, it is
also critical for individuals to bring something to
the job
(D) It is telling that even first-time job seekers tend to
harp on work-life balance when exciting
opportunities beckon in a globalised market.
VAHO1002103/4
26. Transparency and reproducibility are the beating
heart of the scientific enterprise. Transparency
ensures that all aspects of scientific methods and
results are available for critique, compliment, or
reuse. This not only meets a social imperative, but
also allows others to test new questions with existing
data, makes it easier to identify and correct errors,
and helps unmask academic fraud. Transparent
practices such as sharing data and computer code, in
turn, safeguard reproducibility. ________
(A) So, for a scientific observation to count as
a discovery it must reveal something real and
repeatable about the natural world.
(B) Yet, the incentives that drive individual scientists
are out of step with what is best for science as
a social enterprise.
(C) Yet, transparency policies have been rare and
there isn’t yet good data to know how best to
promote transparency.
(D) Yet, its importance remains undervalued.
27. Some geneticists believe that if an average Greek
from 1,000 BC were transported to modern times, he
or she would be one of the brightest among us. They
say that our intellectual prowess has probably been
sliding south since the invention of farming and the
rise of high-density living that it allowed. In the past,
when our ancestors faced the harsh realities of a
hunter-gatherer lifestyle, the punishment for stupidity
was more often than not death. And so, enormous
evolutionary pressure bore down on early humans,
selecting out the dimwits, and raising the intellect of
the survivors' descendants. But this is not the case
today. A hunter-gatherer who did not correctly
conceive a solution to providing food or shelter
probably died, along with his or her progeny, whereas
a modern Wall Street executive who made a similar
conceptual mistake would receive a substantial
bonus and be a more attractive mate. ________.
(A) Clearly, human intelligence is on a downward
path.
(B) Clearly extreme selection is a thing of the past.
(C) Surprisingly, we are intellectually fragile.
(D) This evolutionary pressure is necessary to
maintain human intelligence.
ADDITIONAL PARA COMPLETION QUESTIONS FOR PRACTICE
Directions for questions 1 to 5: Each of the following
questions has a paragraph form which a sentence has been
deleted. From the given options, choose the one that
completes the paragraph in the most appropriate way.
1. Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and,
since the 1950s, many of the observed changes are
unprecedented over decades to millennia. The
atmosphere and ocean have warmed, the amounts of
snow and ice have diminished, and sea level has
risen. In recent decades, changes in the climate have
caused impacts on natural and human systems on all
continents and across the oceans. Impacts are due to
Triumphant Institute of Management Education Pvt. Ltd. (T.I.M.E.) HO: 95B, 2nd Floor, Siddamsetty Complex, Secunderabad – 500 003.
Tel : 040–40088400 Fax : 040–27847334 email : info@time4education.com website : www.time4education.com
28. The epoch of Charles II (1665-1700) was one of the
saddest and emptiest in the history of Spain. All of its
spiritual reserves had been devoured by the flames
of a dynamic life and art full of antitheses and
extremes. The decadence of Spanish culture on the
peninsula coincided with its noonday in America.
________.
(A) Artists carried the aesthetic tendencies of the
period to their ultimate consequences.
(B) The greatest intellects were interested in
astronomy, physics and antiquities.
(C) Baroque art reached the pinnacle of
achievement during this period.
(D) The critique of reason would come later to
America.
29. A certain intensity of stress is must for productivity but
when it goes on for months it affects your health. It
may seem that there’s nothing you can do about
stress. There is always stress to change or challenge.
But you learn to manage by practising healthy ways.
In fact, the simple realisation that you’re in control of
your life is the foundation of stress management.
________
(A) Managing stress is recognising it in your life.
(B) Once you understand where your stress is
coming from, you can come up with ways to deal
with your stressors.
(C) Managing stress is avoiding stressful situations.
(D) Managing stress is all about taking charge of
your thoughts, emotions, schedule, and the way
you deal with your situations.
30. Empathy is an important aspect to look for when
hiring employees. Someone who has empathy will
have an awareness of the feelings of others and
consider those feelings in their words and actions.
This does not mean that they will tiptoe around or be
unwilling to make tough decisions for fear of hurting
someone’s feelings. ________
(A) It simply means that they assess their co-
workers.
(B) It simply means that they agree with their co-
workers.
(C) It simply means that they are aware of, and take
into consideration the impact on others.
(D) It simply means that they bring people together
to work.
observed climate change, irrespective of its cause,
indicating the sensitivity of natural and human
systems to the changing climate. It is extremely likely
that almost all of the observed increase in global
average surface temperature, in the recent decades,
was caused by the anthropogenic increase in
greenhouse gas concentrations and other
anthropogenic causes together. ________
(A) In other words, continued emissions of
greenhouse gases will cause further warming
and changes in all components of the climate
system.
VAHO1002103/5
 (B) In other words, there is evidence that all the
warming that has occurred since 1950 is due to
human action.
(C) In other words, limiting climate change will
require substantial and sustained reductions of
greenhouse gas emissions.
(D) In other words, climate change is real.
2. Recent neuroscience research shows that people
with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
(A.D.H.D), are actually hard-wired for novelty-seeking
— a trait that had, until relatively recently, a distinct
evolutionary advantage. Compared with the rest of
us, they have sluggish and underfed brain reward
circuits; so much of everyday life feels routine and
understimulating. To compensate, they are drawn to
new and exciting experiences and get famously
impatient and restless with the regimented structure
that characterizes our modern world. ________
(A) In short, the problem with people with A.D.H.D.
looks like a lack of focus.
(B) In short, what is stimulating to one person may
be dull — or even unbearably exciting — to
another.
(C) In short, people with A.D.H.D. may not have
a disease, so much as a set of behavioural traits
that don’t match the expectations of our
contemporary culture.
(D) In short, all their experiences need to be novel
and unpredictable.
3. The three biggest forces on the planet — the market,
Mother Nature and Moore’s Law — are all surging at
the same time. The market, i.e., globalization, is tying
economies more tightly together than ever before,
making our workers, investors and markets much
more interdependent and exposed to global trends,
without walls to protect them. Moore’s Law, the theory
that the speed and power of microchips will double
every two years, is, as Andrew McAfee and Erik
Brynjolfsson posit in their book, “The Second
Machine Age,” so relentlessly increasing the power of
software, computers and robots that they’re now
replacing many more traditional white- and blue-collar
jobs, while spinning off new ones — all of which
require more skills. And the rapid growth of carbon in
our atmosphere and environmental degradation and
deforestation because of population growth on earth
are destabilizing Mother Nature’s ecosystems faster.
________
(A) That’s why strong states are being stressed,
weak ones are blowing up and Americans are
feeling anxious that no one has a quick fix to
ease their anxiety.
Triumphant Institute of Management Education Pvt. Ltd. (T.I.M.E.) HO: 95B, 2nd Floor, Siddamsetty Complex, Secunderabad – 500 003.
Tel : 040–40088400 Fax : 040–27847334 email : info@time4education.com website : www.time4education.com
(B) So we need immigration policies that attract
talent, sustainable environments, manageable
debt and governing institutions adapted to the
new speed.
(C) So the biggest challenge we’re facing today is
the resilience of our workers, environment and
institutions.
(D) In sum, we’re in the middle of three “climate
changes” at once: one digital, one ecological,
one geo-economical.
4. Nearly half of all Americans live in areas with
unhealthy levels of air pollution, according to an
American Lung Association (ALA) report released
recently. Nearly 148 million people live in areas
where smog and soot particles make it unhealthy to
breathe the air, according to the ALA's annual study
on US air quality. The report, which is based on data
collected in the last two years, found smog or ozone,
had worsened in 22 of the 25 biggest US metropolitan
areas, including Los Angeles, Houston, Washington-
Baltimore, New York City and Chicago – and said
there was a high risk of more high-ozone days
because of climate change. The warmer summers of
the last two years contributed to higher ozone
readings and more frequent ozone days. ________
(A) It's going to be much harder to keep ozone
pollution down to the levels that we should be
breathing.
(B) Sunlight and heat create conditions that increase
the risk of high ozone levels.
(C) In hotter temperatures it is difficult to clean up air
pollution.
(D) Smog or ozone is expected to increase in the
years to come.
5. Art and food have an ancient and mysterious
relationship. Artists have been depicting what they
eat since the Ice Age – the bison and mammoths in
cave paintings were food for Palaeolithic hunters.
Yet, there’s more going on here than meets the eye –
literally. When we look at images of food, more than
one sense is involved. ________
(A) There’s confusion in our brains between looking
and tasting.
(B) That’s why we like food to be beautifully
presented.
(C) Seeing and tasting get mashed up.
(D) The taste buds kick in, the tummy reacts.
VAHO1002103/6