Mechanical & Industrial

Engineering Department First-Year Engineering Program

Missing Line Problems

• Three surface types

– Principal
– Inclined
– Oblique
• General Procedure
• Example

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 Mechanical & Industrial
Engineering Department First-Year Engineering Program

Surface Type A:
Principal Surface
Miter Line
1 2

• True size in one

view
4 3
A • Edge (line) in
4,1 3,2
other 2 views
3,4 2,1
• Plane à Line

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 Mechanical & Industrial
Engineering Department First-Year Engineering Program

Surface Type B: Inclined Surface

1 2 • Characteristic
shape in 2 views
but not true size
in either
4 3 • Edge (line) in 3rd
4,1 view
B 4 1

• Lengths of sides
3,2 3 2 can be
determined from
appropriate views
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 Mechanical & Industrial
Engineering Department First-Year Engineering Program

Surface Type C: Oblique Surface

• Characteristic shape in all
3 views but true size in
none
2

Q: In which views
could you get the true
1 3 length of edges of
1 2 C 1 2 this oblique surface?

3 3 1 to 2
1 to 3
4
3 to 2
 Mechanical & Industrial
Engineering Department First-Year Engineering Program

Missing Line Problem

• Given 3 principal views with 1 or more views
being incomplete
• Sketch the isometric pictorial and complete the
partial view(s)

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 Mechanical & Industrial
Engineering Department First-Year Engineering Program

General Procedure
• Step 1 – Sketch the box for isometric view
• Step 2 – Choose a surface and identify its type
• Step 3 – Map surface to the pictorial
• Step 4 – Repeat for all surfaces
• Step 5 – Compare pictorial to ALL orthographic
views
• Step 6 – Complete the orthographic views by
adding missing line(s)

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Engineering Department First-Year Engineering Program

The Orthographic Views Sketch

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Engineering Department First-Year Engineering Program

The Isometric Grid

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Engineering Department First-Year Engineering Program

Box Object

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Engineering Department First-Year Engineering Program

Choose and Map

a Surface

• Identify the
Principal
Surface A
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Engineering Department First-Year Engineering Program

Map Another
Surface

• Identify the
B Inclined Surface
B
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 Mechanical & Industrial
Engineering Department First-Year Engineering Program

Map Surface

• Identify
Principal
C Surface C

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Engineering Department First-Year Engineering Program

Map Surface

• Identify Oblique
Surface D

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 Mechanical & Industrial
Engineering Department First-Year Engineering Program

Map Surface

• Identify
Principal
Surface

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 Mechanical & Industrial
Engineering Department First-Year Engineering Program

Map Surface

• Identify
Principal
Surface

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 Mechanical & Industrial
Engineering Department First-Year Engineering Program

Map Surface

• Identify
Principal
Surface

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 Mechanical & Industrial
Engineering Department First-Year Engineering Program

Notch

Q: What kind of
surface has its
characteristic
shape in 2 views?
Inclined Surface à This surface would show up as an edge in the 3rd view
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 Mechanical & Industrial
Engineering Department First-Year Engineering Program

Finished Example

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Engineering Department First-Year Engineering Program

Review: Surface Types

A
B

Principal Surface A Inclined Surface B

C Oblique Surface C

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Engineering Department First-Year Engineering Program

Exercise
• Fill in the missing
lines in the front, right
side, and top views.

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 Mechanical & Industrial
Engineering Department First-Year Engineering Program

1 missing
visible line in
the front view.
 Mechanical & Industrial
Engineering Department First-Year Engineering Program

The right side view

has 1 missing
visible line and 2
missing hidden
lines.
 Mechanical & Industrial
Engineering Department First-Year Engineering Program

The top view has 5

missing visible lines
and 2 missing
hidden lines.
 Mechanical & Industrial
Engineering Department First-Year Engineering Program
 Mechanical & Industrial
Engineering Department First-Year Engineering Program

Exercise

Missing lines 2
 Mechanical & Industrial
Engineering Department First-Year Engineering Program

Exercise

• Fill in the missing

lines in the top,
front, and right side
views.
 Mechanical & Industrial
Engineering Department First-Year Engineering Program

The top view has 1

missing visible line.
 Mechanical & Industrial
Engineering Department First-Year Engineering Program

The front view has 4

missing visible lines
and 4 missing center
lines.
 Mechanical & Industrial
Engineering Department First-Year Engineering Program

The right side view

has 2 missing
hidden lines and 1
missing center line.
 Mechanical & Industrial
Engineering Department First-Year Engineering Program
 Mechanical & Industrial
Engineering Department First-Year Engineering Program

Thank you