Part-4 ECE 3rd Year R18 Syllabus Updated

With effect from the academic year 2020-21
64301
ANALOG COMMUNICATIONS
Instruction : 3 Periods / week Continuous Internal Evaluation : 30 Marks

Tutorial : 0 Semester End Examination : 70 Marks
Credits : 3 Semester End Exam Duration : 3 Hours
Prerequisites: Signals and Systems
Course Objectives:
1. To understand the generation and detection of various analog modulations

2. To analyze the noise performance of different analog modulations
3. To familiarize the fundamental principles of radio receivers
Unit I – Amplitude Modulation
Introduction of Communication System, Need of Modulation, Amplitude Modulation, Power

Relations in AM Waves, Generation and Detection of AM Waves, Virtues, Limitations and
Modification of Amplitude Modulation, Double Side Band Suppressed Carrier (DSB-SC)
Modulation, Generation and Detection of DSB-SC Waves, Costas Receiver, Quadrature Carrier
Multiplexing
Unit II – Single Sideband Modulation
Single Side Band Suppressed Carrier (SSB-SC) Modulation, Generation and Detection of SSB-
SC Waves, Vestigial Side Band (VSB) Modulation, Detection of VSB Waves, Baseband
Representation of Modulated Waves and Band-Pass Filters, Applications: Television Signals,
Frequency Division Multiplexing
Unit III – Angle Modulation
Basic Definitions, Properties of Angle Modulated Waves, Relationship Between FM and PM

Waves, Narrow-Band Frequency Modulation, Wide-Band Frequency Modulation, Transmission
Bandwidth of FM Waves, Generation of FM Waves, Demodulation of FM Signals, Phase Locked
Loop, FM Stereo Multiplexing.
Unit IV – Noise in Analog Communications
Noise in Communication Systems, Signal-to-Noise Ratios, Band-Pass Receiver Structure, Noise

in Linear Receiver using Coherent Detection, Noise in AM Receivers using Coherent Detection,
Noise in SSB Receiver, Detection of Frequency Modulation (FM), FM Pre-Emphasis and De-
Emphasis.
Unit V – Radio Receivers and Pulse Modulation
Receiver Types: Tuned Radio Frequency (TRF), Superheterodyne Receiver, RF Section and
Characteristics, Frequency Changing and Tracking, Intermediate Frequencies, Detection and
Automatic Gain Control (AGC) and Delayed AGC
Introduction to Pulse Modulation, Sampling Process, Generation and Detection of PAM, PWM
and PPM, TDM-PAM, TDM-PCM.
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, the student should be able to
CO 1 : Understand the basic communication system fundamentals, various modulation

and demodulation techniques.
CO 2 : Describe various carrier suppression modulation and demodulation techniques.
CO 3 : Classify the angle modulation techniques, explain their principles of generation
and detection, properties and analyses of angle modulated waves.
CO 4 : Analyze the effect of noise on different types of analog communication systems.
Also, able to calculate the signal to noise ratios for various analog modulation
techniques.
CO 5 : Understand the concept of radio receivers. Also, explain the concept of the
sampling process and various pulse modulation techniques.
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Text Books:
1. Simon Haykin and Michael Moher, Introduction to Analog and Digital Communications,
2nd Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007.
2. George Kennedy and Bernard Davis Electronic Communication Systems, 4th Edition,
Tata McGraw Hill (India), 2009.
References:
1. B.P. Lathi and Zhi Ding, Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems,
4th Edition, Oxford University Press, 2009.
2. Hwei P Hsu, Analog and Digital Communications, 2nd Edition, Schaum’s Series, 2003.
3. H. Taub, D. Schilling and Gautam Sahe, Principles of Communication Systems,
3rd Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill (India), 2007.
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64302
ANTENNAS AND WAVE PROPAGATION

Prerequisites: Electromagnetic Theory and Transmission Lines
Course Objectives:
1. To provide the concepts of antenna fundamentals

2. To design different types of antennas
3. To acquire the concepts of modes of wave propagation
Unit I – Antenna Fundamentals and Wire Antennas
Antenna Basics: Basic Antenna Parameters, Patterns, Beam Area, Radiation Intensity, Beam
Efficiency, Directivity and Gain, Directivity and Resolution, Antenna Apertures, Aperture
Efficiency, Effective Height, The Radio Communication Link, Antenna Field Zones, Antenna
Theorems, Radiation, Retarded (Time-Varying) Potentials, Illustrative Problems.
Linear wire antennas – Short Electric Dipole, The Fields of a short Electric Dipole, Radiation
Resistance of short Electric Dipole, Thin Linear Antenna (Quarter Wave Monopole and Half Wave
Dipole) – Current Distributions, Evaluation of Far-Field Components, Power Radiated, Radiation
Resistance, Directivity. Loop Antennas –The Small Loop, Comparison of Far Fields of Small Loop
and Short Dipole, Radiation Resistances and Directivities of Small and Large Loops (Qualitative
Treatment). Illustrative Problems.
Unit II – Antenna Arrays
Point Sources – Definition, Patterns, Arrays of 2 Isotropic Sources - Different Cases,

Introduction to Phased Array, Principle of Pattern Multiplication, N Element Uniform Linear
Arrays – Broadside, End Fire Arrays, EFA with Increased Directivity, Derivation of their Null
Directions and Beamwidth, Broadside Array with Non-Uniform Amplitude Distributions– General
Considerations and Binomial Arrays. Illustrative Problems.
Unit III – VHF, UHF and Microwave Antennas
Helical Antennas- Geometry, Practical Design Considerations for Monofilar Axial Mode Helical
Antenna, Monofilar Normal-Mode Helical Antenna. Paraboloid Reflectors – Parabola General
Properties, The Paraboloidal Reflector, Patterns of Large Circular Aperture with Uniform
Illumination, Reflector Types, Feed Methods. Horn Antennas, The Rectangular Horn Antenna.
Illustrative Problems.
Unit IV –Microstrip Antennas and Antenna Measurements
Microstrip Antennas – Features, Advantages and Limitations, Rectangular Microstrip Antennas,

Radiation Pattern, Feed Methods.
Antenna Measurements – Basic Concepts - Reciprocity, Near and Far Fields, Coordinate System.
Sources of Errors, Measurement Ranges, Measurement of Different Antenna Parameters –
Directional Pattern, Gain Measurements (Comparison, Absolute and 3 – Antenna Methods).
Unit V – Wave Propagation
Different modes of wave propagations, Ground Wave Propagation – Plane Earth Reflections,
Space and Surface Waves, Wave Tilt, Curved Earth Reflections. Space Wave Propagation – Field
Strength Relation, Field Strength Variation with Distance and Height, Effects of Curvature of
Earth, Absorption, Super Refraction, M-Curves and Duct Propagation, Scattering Phenomena,
Tropospheric Propagation, Fading and Path Loss Calculations. Skywave Propagation – Structure
of Ionosphere, Refraction and Reflection of Sky Waves by Ionosphere, Ray Path, Critical
Frequency, Maximum Usable Frequency, Lowest Usable Frequency, Optimum Frequency, Virtual
Height, Skip Distance, Multi-hop Propagation.
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CO 1 : Understand the antenna parameters and design linear wire antenna

CO 2 : Design antenna arrays for desired antenna characteristics
CO 3 : Design helical, reflector, horn and microstrip antennas
CO 4 : Understand antenna measurement techniques
CO 5 : Understand different modes of wave propagation
Text Books:
1. John D. Kraus, Ronald J. Marhefka and Ahmad S. Khan, Antennas and Wave
Propagation, 4th Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2010.
2. Constantine A. Balanis, Antenna Theory, Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition, Wiley, 2014.
References:
1. E. C. Jordan and K. G. Balmain, Electromagnetic Waves and Radiating Systems, 2nd

Edition, Prentice Hall of India, 2000.
2. F. E. Terman, Electronic and Radio Engineering, 4th Edition, McGraw-Hill, 1955.
3. K.D. Prasad, Antennas and Wave Propagation, Satya Prakashan, Tech India
Publications, New Delhi, 2001.
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64303
LINEAR IC APPLICATIONS

Prerequisite: Electronic Circuits – I, Electronics Circuits - II
Course Objectives:
1. To understand the circuit aspects of Op-amp and 555 Timer

2. To study the techniques of ADC, DAC and their specifications
3. To acquire the knowledge of Analog ICs, specifications and applications.
Unit I – Introduction to Operational Amplifier and an OP-AMP with Feedback
Introduction, Operational Amplifier, Block Diagram Representation of a Typical Op-Amp,

Schematic Symbol. Integrated Circuits, Types of Integrated Circuits, Manufacturers
Designations for Integrated Circuits, Development of Integrated Circuits, Integrated Circuit
Packages Types, Pin Identification and Temperature Ranges, Ordering Information, Device
Identification, Power Supply for Integrated Circuits, Ideal OP-AMP, Equivalent Circuit of an OP-
AMP, Ideal Voltage Transfer Curve, Open Loop OP-AMP Configurations.
An OP-AMP with Negative Feedback: Voltage Series Feedback Amplifiers: Negative

Feedback, Closed Loop Gain. Voltage Shunt Feedback Amplifiers: Closed Loop Voltage Gain,
Differential Amplifier.
Unit II – The Practical OP-AMP Characteristics & Basic Applications
Introduction, Input Offset Voltage, Input Bias Current, Input Offset Current, Total Output Offset
Voltage, Thermal Drift, Effect of Variation in Power Supply Voltages on Offset Voltage, Change
in Input offset Voltage and Input Offset Current with Time, Other Temperature and Supply
Voltage Sensitive Parameters, Noise, Common Mode Configuration and Common Mode Rejection
Ratio, Frequency Response of an OP-AMP, Slew Rate: Slew Rate Equation, Effect of Slew Rate in
Application, Summing, Scaling and Averaging Amplifier: Inverting, Non-Inverting and
Differential Configuration, Instrumentation Amplifier, Voltage to Current Converter with floating
Load, Voltage to Current Converter with Grounded Load, Current to Voltage Converter.
Unit III –Linear Applications
Integrator, Differentiator. Introduction to Active Filters, First Order Low Pass Butterworth Filter,
Second Order Low Pass Butterworth Filter, First Order High Pass Butterworth Filter, Second
Order High Pass Butterworth Filter, Higher-order Filters, Band Pass Filter and Band Reject Filter,
All-Pass Filter.
Unit IV – Oscillators, Comparators and Converters
Review of Barkhausens Criteria, Phase Shift Oscillator, Wein Bridge Oscillator, Quadrature
Oscillator, Square Wave Generator, Triangular Wave Generator, Saw Tooth Wave Generator,
Voltage Controlled Oscillator. Basic Comparator, Zero Crossing Detector, Schmitt trigger,
Comparator Characteristics, Limitation of OP-AMP as Comparator, Window Detector, Voltage to
Frequency and Frequency to Voltage Converters.
Unit V – Specialized IC Applications
555 as a Monostable Multivibrator, Monostable Multivibrator Applications, 555 as an Astable

Multivibrator, Astable Multivibrator Applications, Phase Locked Loop (PLL), Operating Principle,
PLL Applications, Digital to Analog Converters, Analog to Digital Converters.
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CO 1 : Understand the basics of OP-AMP 741 IC and analyze op-amp circuits

CO 2 : Infer the DC and AC characteristics of operational amplifiers & its effect on the
output.
CO 3 : Design linear applications using the op-amp
CO 4 : Analyze and design oscillator and comparator circuits
CO 5 : Design multivibrators circuits using 555 Timer, Classify and comprehend the
working principle of data converters
Text Books:
1. Ramakant A. Gayakwad, Op-Amps & Linear ICs, 4th Edition PHI, 2015.
2. D. Roy Chowdhury, Linear Integrated Circuits, 4th Edition, New Age International(p)
Ltd., 2008.
References:
1. James M. Fiore, Op-Amps and Linear Integrated Circuits, Concepts and Applications, 2nd
Edition, Cengage Jaico,2009.
2. Salivahana, Linear Integrated Circuits and Applications, TMH, 2007.
3. K. Lal Kishore, Op-Amp and Linear Integrated Circuits, Pearson, 2008.
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64304
MICROPROCESSORS AND MICROCONTROLLERS
(Common to ECE, EIE, EEE)

Prerequisite: Digital Logic Design, Computer Organization and Architecture
Course Objectives:
1. To learn and understand the architecture of 8086.

2. To learn and understand the architecture and programming of 8051.
3. To learn the development of the microcontroller-based system.
Unit I – 8086 Microprocessor
8086 Architecture–Functional Diagram, Register Organization, Memory Segmentation, Flag

register, Signal description of 8086, Physical Memory Organization, Interrupts of 8086.
Unit II – 8051 Microcontroller
Microcontrollers and Embedded Processors, Overview of 8051 Microcontroller, Architecture,

Inside the 8051, Program counter and ROM space in 8051, 8051 Flag Bits and PSW Register,
8051 Register Banks and Stack, I/O Port Programming, Addressing Modes, Bit Addresses for
I/O and RAM, Arithmetic, Logic, JUMP, LOOP, CALL Instructions and Programs.
Unit III – 8051 Programming in Embedded C
Introduction to Embedded C, Data Types and Time Delay, I/O Programming, Logic Operations,
Data Conversion Programs, Accessing Port ROM Space, Data Serialization using 8051 C.
8051 timers/counters – 8051 Timers/Counters, Programming 8051 Timers, Counter
Programming, Programming Timer 0 and Timer 1 in 8051 C.
Unit IV – Serial port and Interrupt Programming
Basics of Serial Communication, RS 232, Serial Port Programming in C.

8051 Interrupts: Introduction to 8051 Interrupts, Interrupt Priority, and Interrupt
Programming in C.
Unit V – 8051 Interfacing
LCD Interfacing Program, Keyboard Interfacing, ADC 0808/0809 Chip, DAC 0808/0809 Chip
Interfacing, Sensor LM34 & LM35 Interfacing.
CO 1 : Understand the architecture and organization of 8086.

CO 2 : Explore the internal architecture of 8051 and to create ready to run programs
using 8051 assemblers.
CO 3 : Understand basic embedded C programming and working of timers/counters to
develop microcontroller-based systems.
CO 4 : Describe the serial communication feature of 8051 and how to write interrupt
handler programs.
CO 5 : Interface real-world devices such as LCDs, Keyboards, ADC and DAC with 8051
Text Books:
1. A. K. Ray and K. M. Bhurchandani, Advanced Microprocessors and Peripherals, 2nd

Edition, TMH, 2006.
2. Muhammad Ali Mazidi and Janice Gillispie Mazidi, The 8051 Microcontroller and
Embedded Systems, 2nd Edition, Pearson, 2008.
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References:
1. D.V. Hall, Microprocessors and Interfacing, 2nd Edition, TMH, 2006.

2. Kenneth J. Ayala, The 8051 Microcontroller, 3rd Edition, Cengage Learning, 2010.
3. Liu and G. A. Gibson, Micro Computer system 8086/8088 Family Architecture,
Programming and Design, PHI, 2nd Edition, 1986.
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64305
BIOMEDICAL ELECTRONICS
(Professional Elective - I)

Prerequisites: Electronic Circuits – I, Electronic Circuits - II
Course Objectives:
1. To provide the concepts of action potential and bio-signal acquisition techniques

2. To understand different types of biopotential recorders and specialized medical
equipment
3. To familiarize the advanced biomedical instrumentation techniques
Unit I – Action Potential and Transducers
Electrical Activity in Cells, Tissues, Muscles and Nervous Systems, Transducers-Types and
Characteristics, Physiological Transducers, Pressure Transducers, Transducers for Body
Temperature Measurement, Pulse Sensors, Respiratory Sensors.
Unit II – Bio-signal Acquisition
Physiological Signal Amplifiers, Isolation Amplifier, Medical Preamplifier Design, Bridge

Amplifiers, Line Driving Amplifier, Current Amplifier, Chopper Amplifier, Bio-Signal Analysis,
Signal Recovery and Data Acquisition, Drift Compensation in Operational Amplifiers, Pattern
Recognition, Physiological Assist Devices.
Unit III – Biopotential Recorders
Characteristics of Recoding System, Electrocardiography (ECG), Electro Encephalography

(EEG), Electromyography (EMG), Electroretinography (ERG), Electrooculography (EOG),
Recorders with High Accuracy, Recorders for OFF Line Analysis.
Unit IV – Specialized Medical Equipment
Digital Thermometer, Audio Meter, X-Ray Machines, Radiography and Fluoroscopy,

Angiography, Elements of Bio-Telemetry System, Design of Biotelemetry System, Radio
Telemetry System, Pace Makers, Heart Lung Machine, Dialysis Machine.
Unit V – Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation
Computers in Medicine, Lasers in Medicine, Basic Principles of Endoscopes, Nuclear Imaging

Techniques, Computer Tomography (CT) Scanning, Ultrasonic Imaging System – Construction,
Propagation and Delay, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).
CO 1 : Know the electrical activity in the human body and different type of transducers
CO 2 : Analyze the bio-signal and different types of amplifiers
CO 3 : classify the different types of bio-signal recording systems
CO 4 : Understand the working principle of various specialized medical equipment
CO 5 : Understand the advanced techniques used in biomedical instrumentation
Text Books:
1. L. Cromwell, F.J. Weibel land E. A. Pfeiffer, Biomedical Instrumentation and

Measurements, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall India, 1990.
2. M. Arumugam, Biomedical Instrumentation, Anuradha Publications, 1994.
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References:
1. R.S. Khandpur, Handbook of Biomedical Instruments, 3rd Edition, McGraw-Hill, 2014.

2. R.S. Khandpur, Modern Electronic Equipment, McGraw-Hill Higher Education, 1987.
3. J.G. Websster, Medical Instrumentation – Application and Design, 4th Edition, Wiley.
10
64306
DIGITAL MODELING USING HDL

Prerequisites: Digital Logic Design
Course Objectives:
1. To learn Hardware Description Language (HDL) constructs and modelling styles

2. To design combinational and sequential circuits using Verilog and simulate using a test
bench.
3. To learn about synthesis aspects and implementation.
Unit I – HDL and Verilog HDL Constructs
Overview of Digital Design using VHDL and Verilog HDL, Emergence of HDLs, Typical HDL-
based Design Flow, Importance of HDLs, Design Methodologies, Components of Simulation,
Abstraction Levels.
Basic Concepts: Lexical Conventions and Number Representation, Data Types, Modules and
Ports, Hierarchical Names, System Tasks and Compiler Directives.
Unit II – Gate-Level and Data Flow Modeling
Gate-Level (Structural) Modeling: Gate Types, Gate Delays, Examples - All Logic Gates, Adders,
Subractors, Decoders, Multiplexers and De-Multiplexers. Test Benches and Simulation.
Data Flow Modeling: Continuous Assignments, Delays, Expressions, Operator Types,
Assignment of Vectors, Examples using Dataflow Modeling.
Unit III – Behavioral Modeling
Structures Procedures – Initial and Always Blocks, Procedural Assignments, Timing Controls,
Conditional Statements, Multiway Branching, Loops, Sequential and Parallel Blocks, Generate
Blocks, Tasks and Functions, Examples – Encoders, Comparators, Flip Flops, Counters, Shift
Registers, Modeling Moore and Mealy FSM.
Unit IV – Switch-level modelling and UDPs
Switch-Level Modeling: MOS and CMOS Switches, Bidirectional Switches, Delay Specification on
Switches, Resistive Switches, Examples – CMOS not, NAND, NOR, D-latch.
User-Defined Primitives: UDP basics, Combinational UDPs, Sequential UDPs, Guidelines for UDP
Design.
Unit V – Logic synthesis and Delay Models
Definition of Logic Synthesis, Verilog HDL Synthesis – Interpretation of Verilog Constructs,

Synthesis Design Flow. Delay Models: Types of Delay Models, Path Delay Modeling, Timing
Checks, Delay Back-Annotation.
CO 1 : Understand the capabilities of HDLs and learn Verilog constructs.

CO 2 : Differentiate and write circuit descriptions in gate level and data flow modelling
styles.
CO 3 : Describe circuits using behavioural modelling and write test benches for
simulation.
CO 4 : Describe circuits at transistor level using switch-level modelling and learn to use
UDPs.
CO 5 : Understand delay models in Verilog and learn synthesis aspects.
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Text Books:
1. Samir Palnitkar, Verilog HDL, 2nd Edition, Pearson Education, 2009.

2. J. Bhasker, A Verilog HDL Primer, 3rd Edition, Star Galaxy Publishing, 2018.
References:
1. Michael D Ciletti, Advanced Digital Design with Verilog HDL, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall,
2009.
2. Stephen Brown and Zvonkoc Vranesic, Fundamentals of Digital Logic with Verilog
Design, 2nd Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2010.
3. Sunggu Lee, Digital Logic Design using Verilog, state machine & synthesis for FPGA, 1st
Edition, Cengage Learning, 2009.
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64307
ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION

Prerequisite: Electronic Circuits – I, Electronic Circuits - II
Course Objectives:
1. To understand different types of meters and their construction to avoid errors in

measurements.
2. To acquire knowledge of oscilloscope and bridges, their internal structures and different
types.
3. To understand different transducers and their working principle.
Unit I – Performance Characteristics, Displays and Measuring instruments
Introduction, Performance Characteristics, Static Characteristics, Error in Measurements, Types

of Static Errors, Sources of Errors, Dynamic Characteristics, Statistical Analysis, Classification of
Displays, Display Devices, Light Emitting Diodes, Liquid Crystal Display, Other Displays
Including 3½, 3¼. DC Ammeter, Multi-Range Ammeters, Aryton Shunt, Requirements of a
Shunt, Extending of Ammeter Ranges, RF Ammeter (Thermo Couple) Basic Meter as a DC
Voltmeter, Multi-Range Voltmeter, Extending Voltmeter Ranges, Loading, Series Type, Shunt
Type Ohmmeter, Calibration of Ohmmeter, Calibration of DC Instruments, Digital Voltmeters:
Dual Slope Integration Type DVM, Successive Approximations, Digital Multimeter, Field
Strength Meter, Stroboscope, Phase Meter, Q meter.
Unit II – Bridges
DC & AC Bridges: Wheatstone Bridge, Kelvin Bridge, Maxwell’s Bridge, Hay Bridge, Schering
Bridge, Wien Bridge, Resonance Bridge, Anderson Bridge.
Unit III – Signal Generators & Analyzers
Signal Generators: Introduction, Fixed Frequency and Variable AF Oscillator, AF Square and
Sine Wave Generator, Function Generator, Pulse Generator, Random Noise Generator, Sweep
Generator. Signal Analyzers: Basic Wave Analyzers, Frequency Selective Wave Analyzer,
Heterodyne Wave Analyzers, Harmonic Distortion Analyzer, Spectrum Analyzer.
Unit IV – Oscilloscopes
Basic Principle, CRT Features, Block Diagram of Oscilloscope, Time Base Circuits, Horizontal and
Vertical Deflection Systems, Triggered Sweep CRO, Trigger Pulse Circuit, Delay Line, Sync
Selector Circuits, Specifications of CRO. Special Purpose Oscilloscopes: Dual Trace/Beam CRO,
Sampling Oscilloscope, Storage Oscilloscope, Digital Storage Oscilloscope, Measurement of
Amplitude, Frequency and Phase Measurement using Lissajous Method, Probes for CRO, Digital
Frequency Counter, Recorders: Strip-Chart, Oscillographic Recorders.
Unit V – Transducers and Data Acquisition System
Transducers: Active & Passive Transducers, Resistance, Capacitance, Inductance; Strain

Gauges, Linear Variable Differential Transducer (LVDT), Piezo Electric Transducers, Resistance
Thermometers, Thermistors, Temperature Transducers, Frequency Generating Transducers,
Thermocouples. The objective of Data Acquisition System, Single Channel DAS, Multi-Channel
DAS, Data Loggers.
CO 1 : Know the usage of various measuring instruments, minimize errors associated

and evaluate their performance characteristics.
CO 2 : Design bridge circuits and evaluate resistance, inductance, capacitance, voltage,
current, power factor and energy.
13
CO 3 : Generate various types of signals and measure physical quantities of signal

CO 4 : Measure amplitude, frequency and phase of waveform with an oscilloscope
CO 5 : Select appropriate passive or active transducers for measurement of strain,
displacement, velocity, angular velocity, temperature and pressure.
Text Books:
1. H. S. Kalsi, Electronic Instrumentation, 2nd Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2004.

2. A. D. Helfrick and W. D. Cooper, Modern Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement
Techniques, Prentice Hall, 2017.
References:
1. David A. Bell, Electronic Instrumentation & Measurements, 3rd Edition, Prentice Hall,
2003.
2. Ernest O Doebelin and Dhanesh N Manik, Measurement Systems Application and
Design, 5th Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2009.
3. Robert A. Witte, Electronic Test Instruments, Analog and Digital Measurements, 2nd
Edition, Pearson Education, 2004.
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64331
ANALOG COMMUNICATIONS LAB
Practicals : 3 Periods / week Continuous Internal Evaluation : 30 Marks

Credits : 1.5 Semester End Examination : 70 Marks
Semester End Exam Duration : 3 Hours
Course Objectives:
1. To realize analog modulation techniques in hardware & simulator.

2. To verify and simulate the pulse modulation schemes.
3. To understand the multiplexing techniques.
List of Experiments
Part-A (Hardware)
1. Generation of Analog Modulation and Demodulation

a. Generate Amplitude Modulation and Demodulation.
b. Generate Double Sideband Suppressed Carrier Modulation.
c. Generate Single–Side Band Suppressed Carrier Modulation and Demodulation.
2. To generate Frequency Modulation and Demodulation.
3. Understanding the characteristics of Pre-emphasis and De-emphasis.
4. Verification of Time Division Multiplexing and Demultiplexing.
5. Verification of Sampling Theorem.
6. Verify the waveforms of Pulse Modulation
a. Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM),
b. Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)
c. Pulse Position Modulation (PPM)
7. Understanding AGC characteristics.
Part-B (Simulation)
8. Develop a real-time simulation model to understand modulation/demodulation

waveforms and spectra of AM modulation
waveforms and spectra of DSB-SC modulation.
10. Write a software simulation code for the envelop detector in simulation software.
waveforms and spectra of frequency modulation.
waveforms and spectra of phase modulation.
13. Write a software simulation code to verify Pulse Modulation techniques
a. Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM),
b. Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)
c. Pulse Position Modulation (PPM)
14. Write a software simulation code for understanding sampling theorem.
CO 1 : Implement and analyze different analog communication systems.
CO 2 : Understand the significance of sampling theorem.
CO 3 : Understand multiplexing concepts.
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64332
Linear IC Applications Lab

Credits : 1 Semester End Examination : 70 Marks
Course Objectives:
1. To analyze Analog ICs OP-AMP 741 and 555 Timer

2. Ability to design the circuits using analog ICs
3. To gain knowledge on existing and future analog circuits.
List of Experiments:
1. Applications of Op-Amp (Adder, Subtractor, adder-subtractor, average amplifier,

Current to voltage converter).
2. Integrator and Differentiator using IC741 Op-Amp.
3. Instrumentation Amplifier using Op-Amp
4. Design and frequency response of Active filters (LPF, HPF)
5. RC Phase Shift and Wien Bridge Oscillators using IC741 Op-Amp.
6. Waveform generation using Op-Amp (square, triangular)
7. Schmitt trigger using IC 741 Op-Amp
8. Study of op-amp comparator and applications
9. Applications of 555 timers (Astable, Monostable multivibrator)
10.Study of PLL using 565, a study of capture range, lock range, VCO
11.Study of D/A converter using an R-2R ladder.
12.Sample and Hold circuit using LF 398IC
CO 1 : Analyze and design different circuits using OP-AMP 741 IC

CO 2 : Analyze and design different circuits using Timer 555 IC
CO 3 : Analyze and design PLL Applications and converters
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64333
MICROCONTROLLERS LAB
(Common to ECE, EIE, EEE)

Course Objectives:
1. Programming of 8051 Micro-controller in assembly language.

2. Programming of 8051 Micro-Controller in Embedded C.
3. Interfacing various I/O devices to 8051 Micro-Controller and Development board.
The following programs/experiments are to be written for an assembler and execute some of
them with 8051/Development boards.
1. Assembly language Programming using arithmetic, logical and bit manipulation

instructions of 8051
2. Programming the arithmetic, logical and bit-manipulation operations using embedded C
3. Program and verify the timer/counter of 8051 Embedded C
4. Program and verify interrupt handling of 8051 Embedded C
5. UART operation of 8051 in KEIL IDE using Embedded C
6. Advanced programming using embedded C
7. Interfacing LCD to 8051
8. Interfacing keyboard to 8051
9. Interfacing DC motor to 8051
10. LED, Switches interfacing using a development board
11. 4 × 4 matrix Keypad Interfacing using a development board
12. 16×2 LCD interfacing using a development board
13. Servo Motor control using a development board
14. Stepper Motor interfacing using a development board
15. Temperature sensor interfacing to the development board
16. Ultrasonic sensor interfacing to the development board
Note: Minimum of 12 experiments to be conducted.
CO 1 : Implement the Assembly Language Programs to perform various operations in

8051 Micro-Controller.
CO 2 : Implement time delay between the events by programming the timers/interrupts
in 8051 Micro-Controller.
CO 3 : Transmit the message serially at different baud rates using UART operation in
8051 Micro-Controller.
CO 4 : Interface various I/O Devices like DC Motor, LCD & LED to 8051 Micro-Controller
CO 5 : Interface various I/O Devices like Keyboard, LCD, 7-Segment Display and DC
Motor, Stepper Motor and Servo Motor to development boards.
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68332
EFFECTIVE TECHNICAL COMMUNICATION LAB
B.Tech III year I/II semester (Common to all Branches)

Tutorial : -- Semester End Examination : 70 Marks
Course Objectives:
1. To equip students with essentials of Technical communication for Professional

environment.
2. To familiarize students with different reading strategies through reading comprehension
passages.
3. To train students in multiple writing formats to meet the corporate demands.
4. To develop critical and analytical skills for real time situation through case studies
5. To inculcate ability to customize English language to meet the desired results
Syllabus:
1. Features of Technical Communication

2. Reading Process and Strategies
3. Note making
4. Summarising and Paraphrasing
5. Creative Essay Writing
6. E-mail Writing
7. Report Writing
8. Case Studies
Course Outcomes:
At the end of the course the students will:

CO 1 : Attain proficiency in features of Technical communication
CO 2 : Develop expertise in reading skills
CO 3 : Use English language appropriately to write effective reports, e-mails, notes and
summaries.
CO 4 : Become proficient in Analytical and Critical Thinking Skills
CO 5 : Be empowered to use English language effectively in Technical Communication
Text Books:
1. M. Ashraf Rizvi, Effective Technical Communication, 2nd edition, McGraw-Hill

Education(India) Private Limited, 2005.
References:
1. Sunita Mishra & C. Murali Krishna, Communication Skills for Engineers, published by
Pearson Education, 2007.
2. N. Krishnaswamy and T. Sriraman, Creative English for Communication, Macmillan
Publishers India Ltd., 2011.
3. David. A. Mcmurrey & Joanna Buckley, Handbook of Technical Writing, Thomson
Press (India) Ltd, 2012.
4. Scot Ober, Contemporary Business Communication, 5th edition, Biztantra, 2004.
18
68302
Universal Human Values

(Mandatory Course)
Instruction: 1 period / Week Sessional Marks: 100

Credits: 0
Course Objectives:
1. To help the students appreciate the essential complementarity between 'VALUES ‘and
'SKILLS' to ensure sustained happiness and prosperity, which are the core aspirations of all
human beings.
2. To facilitate the development of a holistic perspective among students towards life and
profession as well as towards happiness and prosperity based on a correct understanding of
the human reality and the rest of existence. Such a holistic perspective forms the basis of
Universal Human Values and movement towards value-based living in a natural way.
Syllabus (Lecture-wise)
L1. Understanding Value Education: a) Need for Value Education b) Basic Guidelines for
Value Education c) The Process of Value Education.
L2. Self-exploration as the Process for Value Education: a) What is Self-exploration?

What is its Purpose? b) Process of Self-exploration c) Natural Acceptance, Realisation and
Understanding.
L3. The Basic Human Aspirations – Continuous Happiness and Prosperity: a) Exploring
Happiness and Prosperity b) A Look at the Prevailing Notions of Happiness and Prosperity.
L4. The Program to Fulfil Basic Human Aspirations: a) Basic Requirements for Fulfilment
of Human Aspirations b) What is Our State Today? c) What is the Solution? – The Need for
Right Understanding.
L5. The Program to Fulfil Basic Human Aspirations: d) Our Program: Understand and Live
in Harmony at All Levels of Living. e) Our Natural Acceptance for Harmony at All Levels of
Our Living.
L6. Understanding the Human Being as the Co-existence of Self (‘I’) and Body:
a) Understanding Myself as Co-existence of the Self and Body b) Understanding the Needs
of the Self (‘I’) and Body c) Understanding the Activities in the Self (‘I’) and Body.
L7. Harmony in the Self (‘I’) – Understanding Myself: a) How are the Activities in ‘I’ are
related? b) What is the Problem Today? c) Effects of the Problem. d) What is the Solution?
– Realisation and Understanding – Living with Definiteness.
L8. Harmony with the Body – Understanding Sanyama and Svasthya: a) Harmony of ‘I’
with the Body b) What is our State Today? c) What is the way out? d) Understanding and
Living with Sanyama.
L9. Harmony in the Family – Understanding Values in Human Relationships: a) Family

as the Basic Unit of Human Interaction. b) Harmony in the Family c) Values in Human
Relationships.
L10. Harmony in the Family - Understanding Values in Human Relationships: d) Trust

e) Respect f) Gratitude.
L11. Harmony in the Society – From Family Order to World Order: a) Identification of the
Comprehensive Human Goal. b) Where are we today?
19
L12. Harmony in the Society – From Family Order to World Order: c) Programs Needed
to Achieve the Comprehensive Human Goal: The Five Dimensions of Human Endeavour.
L13.Harmony in Nature– Understanding the Interconnectedness and Mutual

Fulfillment: a) The Four Orders in Nature b) Interconnectedness and Mutual Fulfillment.
L14. Harmony in Existence– Understanding Existence as Co-existence: a) An

Introduction to ‘Space’ b) Co-Existence of Units in Space c) Existence is Co-existence.
Course Outcomes: On completion of this course, the student will be able to

CO1 : Understand the significance of values, distinguish between values and skills.
CO2 : Apply the concept of happiness and prosperity to set the goals in life.
CO3 : Evaluate the current scenario in the society, in a right manner.
CO4 : Distinguish between the needs of the self and body through principles of co-existence.
CO5 : Understand the value of harmonious relationship based on trust, respect and other
naturally acceptable feelings in human-human relationships.
CO6 : Understand the harmony in nature and existence, and work out their mutually fulfilling
participation in the nature.
Text Books:
1. R.R Gaur, R Sangal, G P Bagaria, A foundation course in Human Values and professional
Ethics, Excel books, New Delhi, 2010.
References:
1) PL Dhar, RR Gaur, Science and Humanism, Commonwealth Publishers, 1990.
2) Rajeev Sangal, Value education; relieving peer pressure, addressing culture and stimulating
studies, National convention on value education through Jeevan Vidya, IIT Delhi, India,
2007.Url: http://web2py.iiit.ac.in/publications.
3) B L Bajpai, Indian Ethos and Modern Management, New Royal Book Co., Lucknow. Reprinted
2008.
4) A.N. Tripathy, Human Values, New Age International Publishers, 2003.
5) A Nagraj, Jeevan VidyaekParichay, Divya Path Sansthan, Amarkantak, 1998.
6) E G Seebauer & Robert L.Berry, Fundamentals of Ethics for Scientists &
Engineers, Oxford University Press, 2000.
Additional resources (Available in CVRCE intranet)

 PPTs of Lectures and Practice Sessions.
 Audio-visual material.
20
64308
DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING AND APPLICATIONS
(EIE)

Prerequisite subjects: Signals and Systems
Course Objectives:
1. To introduce concepts of digital signal processing and applications.

2. To understand the concepts of DFT & FFT.
3. To provide the design aspects of digital filter design.
Unit I – Discrete-Time Signals & Systems
Discrete-Time Signals & Systems: Introduction to Digital Signal Processing. Discrete-Time

Signals, Discrete-Time Systems, Linear Time-Invariant Systems, Linear Convolution, Stability
and Causality. Linear Constant Coefficient Difference Equations. Frequency Domain
Representation of Discrete-Time Signals and Systems.
Unit II – Discrete Fourier Transforms
Discrete Fourier Series, Representation of Periodic Sequences, Frequency Domain Sampling:

Discrete Fourier transform (DFT), Properties of the DFT, Linear Filtering Methods based on the
DFT, Overlap Save Method and Overlap Add Method. Divide and Conquer Approach to the
Computation of DFT, Radix-2 Fast Fourier Transform Algorithms- DIT-FFT and DIF-FFT, Inverse
FFT.
Unit III – IIR Digital Filters
Realization of IIR Systems using Direct Form-I, Direct Form-II, Cascade and Parallel Structures,
Analog Filter Approximations – Butter Worth and Chebyshev, Design of IIR Digital Filters from
Analog Filters, Design Examples: Analog-Digital Transformations.
Unit IV – FIR Digital Filters
Realization of FIR Systems using Direct Form, Cascade. Characteristics of FIR Digital Filters,
Frequency Response. Design of FIR Digital Filters using Window Techniques, Frequency
Sampling Technique, Comparison of IIR & FIR Filters.
Unit V – Applications of DSP
Spectral Analysis of Sinusoidal Signals, Non-Stationary Signals, Random signal, Musical Sound
Processing, Digital Music Synthesis, Signal Compression.
CO 1 : Understand the various operations on discrete-time signals & systems

CO 2 : Apply DFT and FFT on discrete-time signals
CO 3 : Analyze and design an IIR digital filter
CO 4 : Analyze and design an FIR digital filter
CO 5 : Apply concepts of DSP in various applications
21
Text Books:
1. John G. Proakis and Dimitris.G. Manolakis, Digital Signal Processing: Principles,

Algorithms and Applications, 4th Edition, PEA, 2012.
2. Sanjit K.Mitra, Digital Signal Processing: A Computer, Based Approach, 4th Edition, Tata
McGraw-Hill, 2016.
References:
1. A. V. Oppenheim and R. W. Schaffer, Discrete-time signal processing, 2nd Edition, PEA,

2011.
2. Li Tan, Digital Signal Processing-Fundamentals and Applications, Elsevier, 2009.
3. Emmanuel C. Ifeachor and Barrie W. Jervis, Digital Signal Processing, A Practical
Approach, 2nd Edition, Pearson Education,2011.
22
64309
MICROPROCESSORS AND INTERFACING
(IT)

Prerequisite: Boolean algebra and Circuit Design
Course objectives:
1. To present fundamental concepts of 8086 microprocessor, architecture and write

programs in assembly level language.
2. To make students aware of the techniques of interfacing between the processor and
peripheral devices.
3. To present the concepts of 8051 microcontrollers and its architecture.
Unit I – The 8086 Microprocessor
Register Organization of 8086, Architecture, Signal Description of 8086, Physical Memory

Organization, General Bus Operation, I/O Addressing Capability, Special Processor
Activities, Minimum Mode 8086 System and Timings, Maximum Mode 8086 System and
Timings.
Unit II – 8086 Instruction set and Assembly Language programming
Addressing Modes of 8086, Instruction Set- Data Transfer, Arithmetic, Logical, String, Branching,
Flag Manipulation Instructions, Assembler Directives and Operators. Assembly Language
Example Programs.
Unit III – Special architectural features and related programming
Introduction to Stack, Stack Structure of 8086, Interrupts and Interrupt Service Routines,
Interrupt Cycle of 8086, Non-Maskable Interrupt, Maskable Interrupt, Introduction to DOS and
BIOS Interrupts, Passing Parameters to Procedure, Macros, Timing and Delays.
Unit IV – Basic peripherals and their Interfacing with 8086
Semiconductor Memory Interfacing: Static Memory Interfacing, Dynamic RAM Interfacing,

Interfacing I/O Ports, PIO 8255(Programmable Input/ Output Port), Modes of Operations of
8255, Interfacing Analog to Digital Converter: ADC 0808/0809, Interfacing Digital to Analog
Converter: DAC 0800, Stepper Motor Interfacing.
Unit V – Introduction to 8051 Microcontroller
The architecture of 8051, Signal Description of 8051, Register Set of 8051, Program Status
Word (PSW), Memory and I/O Addressing by 8051, Interrupts and Stack of 8051, Addressing
Modes of 8051, 8051 Instruction Set, Programming Examples.
CO 1 : Describe the architecture of 8086 microprocessor, pin diagram, and timing

diagrams of reading and write cycles.
CO 2 : Understand how to use the instructions, assembler directives and operators to
write an assembly language program.
CO 3 : Understand the stack and interrupt structure related details and programming
techniques.
CO 4 : Interface peripherals like memories and I/O devices to 8086.
CO 5 : Describe the architecture of 8051 microcontrollers with signal descriptions.
23
Text Books:
1. A.K. Ray and K.M. Bhurchandani, Advanced Microprocessors and Peripherals, 2nd
Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2006.
References:
1. D.V. Hall, Microprocessors and Interfacing, 2nd Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2006.
24
64334
SIGNAL PROCESSING LAB
(EIE)

Credits : 1 Semester End Examination : 70 Marks
Course Objectives:
1. To understand the use of simulation software like MATLAB or equivalent

2. To understand the generation of different types of signals and systems using Simulation
software.
3. To gain knowledge about transform techniques for the analysis of signals
(Minimum of 12 experiments out of 13 have to be performed)
1. Simulation of Various Signals and Sequences (Periodic and Aperiodic: Unit Impulse,
Unit Step, Square, Sawtooth, Triangular, Sinusoidal, Ramp, Sinc)
2. Operations on Signals and Sequences such as Addition, Multiplication, Scaling, Shifting,
Folding, Computation of Energy and Average Power
3. Find Even and Odd parts of Signal/Sequence and Real and Imaginary parts of Signal
4. Convolution between Signals
5. Verification of Linearity and Time Invariance Properties of a given Continuous system
6. Find Fourier Transform of a given signal and plotting its magnitude and phase spectrum
7. Find DFT / IDFT of given DT signal
8. Find frequency Response of a given system given in transfer function/ differential
equation form.
9. Implementation of LP FIR filter for a given sequence
10. Implementation of HP FIR filter for a given sequence
11. Implementation of LP IIR filter for a given sequence
12. Implementation of HP IIR filter for a given sequence
13. The impulse response of the first order and second-order systems
CO 1 : simulate the generation and operation of different types of signals and systems
CO 2 : Apply transform techniques for the analysis of signals
CO 3 : Simulate convolution and spectral densities of deterministic signals
CO 4 : Simulate response of LTI system for impulse input signal
CO 5 : Design IIR and FIR digital filters
References:
1. Rudra Pratap, Getting Started with MATLAB, Indian Edition, Oxford University Press,
Inc., 2010.
2. Ram N. Patel and Ankush Mittal, Programming in MATLAB, 1st Edition, Pearson India,
2014.
25
64335
MICROPROCESSORS AND INTERFACING LAB
(IT)

Course Objectives:
1. To familiarize the architecture of 8086 processor, assembly language programming.

2. To interface various modules to the 8086 processor.
The following programs /experiments are to be written for assembler and execute the
same with 8086 kits
1. Programs for 8-bit and 16-bit Arithmetic operations for 8086 (using various addressing
modes).
2. Program for finding the average of ‘n’ random numbers.
3. Programs to evaluate algebraic expressions.
4. Program for addition two 3X3 matrices.
5. Program to convert BCD to ASCII number and ASCII to BCD number
6. Programs for smallest/largest number in a given array for 8086.
7. Programs for ascending/descending order in a given array for 8086.
8. Programs for string manipulations for 8086.
9. Interfacing ADC and DAC to 8086.
10. Digital Clock Design using 8086.
11. Interfacing 7-segment display to 8086.
12. Parallel communication between two microprocessors using 8255.
13. Traffic light controller interfacing with 8086.
14. Interfacing to 8086 and programming to control stepper motor.
15. Programming using arithmetic, logical and bit manipulation instructions of 8051.
Note: Minimum of 12 experiments to be conducted
CO 1 : Execute different programs for 8086 microprocessor in ASM

CO 2 : Interface various I/O Devices like a stepper motor, ADC, DAC etc. with 8086
microprocessor.
CO 3 : Set up communication between two microprocessors
CO 4 : Execute programs for 8051 microcontrollers using IDE software
References:
1. A.K. Ray and K.M. Bhurchandani, Advanced Microprocessors and Peripherals, 2nd
26
64351
DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS

Prerequisite: Analog Communications, Probability Theory and Stochastic Process
Course Objectives:
1. To understand the principles of baseband and band-pass digital modulations

2. To analyze the noise performance of different digital modulations
3. To understand the principles of information theory, source and channel coding
techniques.
Unit I – Baseband Data Transmission
Introduction of Digital Communication System, Line Coding, Scrambling, Completing the

Transition from Analog to Digital, Quantization Process, Companding, Pulse Code Modulation,
Differential Pulse Code Modulation, Delta Modulation, Time Division Multiplexing, Baseband
Transmission of Digital Data, Nyquist Channel, Raised Cosine Pulse Spectrum.
Unit II – Digital Band-Pass Modulation Techniques
Introduction and Classification of Band-Pass Modulation Techniques, Binary Amplitude Shift

Keying, Phase Shift Keying, Frequency Shift Keying, Summary of Three Binary Signaling
Schemes, Differential Phase Shift Keying, M-Ary Digital Modulation Schemes: QPSK, QAM,
Constellation Diagrams, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing.
Unit III – Noise in Digital Communications
Signal to Quantization Noise Ratios of PCM and Delta Modulation, Bit Error Rate, Binary Signal
Detection, Probability of Error and Maximum Likelihood Detection, Optimum Detection in Noise,
Error Probability Performance of Binary Transmission System, Summary of Digital Performance,
Intersymbol Interference, Crosstalk, Eye Diagrams, Equalization.
Unit IV – Information Theory and Source Coding
Introduction, Measure of Information, Discrete Memoryless Channels, Mutual Information,

Channel Capacity Theorem, Additive White Gaussian Noise Channel, Source Coding, Entropy
Coding.
Unit V – Channel Coding
Introduction to Error Control Coding, Channel Coding, Block Codes, Linear Block Codes, Cyclic
Codes, Convolutional Codes, Decoding of Convolution Codes.
CO 1 : Understand the baseband data transmission techniques. Describe the quantization

process, completing the transition from analog to digital and multiplexing
techniques.
CO 2 : Describe the concepts of band-pass digital modulation techniques and understand
the signal space diagrams of various digital modulation techniques.
CO 3 : Calculate the bit error performance of various digital modulation techniques. Also,
able to describe optimum detection of the digital signals of different modulation
techniques in the presence of noise and skilful in the design of equalizers.
CO 4 : Explain the information theory and able to do source and entropy coding.
Differentiate and explain various discrete channels.
CO 5 : Understand the concept of channel coding. Also, skilful in carrying out the error
detection and correction techniques in channel coding.
27
Text Books:
1. Simon Haykin and Michael Moher, Introduction to Analog and Digital Communications,
2nd Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007.
2. Hwei P Hsu, Analog and Digital Communications, 2nd Edition, Schaum’s Series, 2003.
References:
1. H. Taub, D. Schilling and Gautam Sahe, Principles of Communication Systems, 3rd

Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill (India), 2007.
2. B.P. Lathi, Zhi Ding, Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems, 4th Edition,
Oxford University Press, 2009.
3. Simon Haykin, Digital Communications, 1st Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012.
28
64352
DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

Prerequisite: Signals and Systems
Course Objectives:
1. To introduce concepts and techniques of digital signal processing.

2. To understand the spectral content of discrete-time signals.
3. To provide the design and realization aspects of digital filter design.
Unit I – Discrete-Time Signals & Systems
Discrete-Time Signals & Systems: Introduction to Digital Signal Processing. Discrete-time

signals, Discrete-Time Systems, Linear Time-Invariant Systems, Linear Convolution, Stability
and Causality. Linear Constant Coefficient Difference Equations. Frequency Domain
Representation of Discrete-Time Signals and Systems, Frequency-Domain Characteristics of LTI
Systems.
Unit II – Discrete Fourier Transforms
Discrete Fourier Series Representation of Periodic Sequences, Frequency Domain Sampling: The
Discrete Fourier Transform, Properties of the DFT, Linear Filtering Methods based on the DFT,
Overlap Save Method and Overlap Add Method. Divide and Conquer Approach to The
Computation of DFT, Radix-2 Fast Fourier Transform Algorithms- DIT-FFT and DIF-FFT, Inverse
FFT.
Unit III – Digital Filter Structures
Analysis of LTI Systems in the Z-Domain, Schur-Cohn Stability Test, Structures for FIR
Systems: Direct-Form Structure, Cascade-Form Structure, Linear Phase realization, Polyphase
Structures, Frequency-Sampling Structure, Lattice Structure. Structures for IIR Systems:
Direct-Form Structures, Transposed Structures, Cascade-Form Structures, Parallel-Form
Structures, Lattice and Lattice-Ladder Structures for IIR Systems.
UNIT IV – IIR Digital Filters
Analog Filter Approximations: Butterworth Filters, Chebyshev Filters. Frequency

Transformations in the Analog Domain. Design of IIR Digital Filters from Analog Filters:
Approximation of Derivatives, Impulse Invariance, Bilinear Transformation, The Matched-Z
Transformation. Frequency Transformations in the Digital Domain.
UNIT V – FIR Digital Filters
Linear Phase FIR filters: Types of Linear-Phase FIR Transfer Functions, Zero Locations of Linear
Phase FIR Transfer Functions, Frequency Response of Linear Phase FIR Transfer Functions.
Design of FIR Filters: Windowing Method, Frequency Sampling Method, Optimal (Equiripple)
Method.
CO 1 : Understand the various operations on discrete-time signals & systems.

CO 2 : Apply DFT and FFT on discrete-time signals.
CO 3 : Realize the various Structures for Digital Filters.
CO 4 : Analyze and design an IIR digital filter.
CO 5 : Analyze and design an FIR digital filter.
29
Text Books:
1. John G. Proakis, Dimitris.G. Manolakis, Digital Signal Processing: Principles, Algorithms

and Applications, 4th Edition, PHI, 2012.
2. A.V. Oppenheim and R.W. Schaffer, Discrete time signal processing, 2nd Edition, PHI,
2009.
References:
1. Sanjit K.Mitra, Digital Signal Processing: A Computer, Based Approach, Tata McGraw-
Hill, 4th Edition, 2016.
2. Loney Ludeman, Fundamentals of Digital Signal Processing, John Wiley, 2013.
3. Li Tan, Digital Signal Processing-Fundamentals and Applications, Elsevier, 2009.
30
64353
VLSI SYSTEM DESIGN

Prerequisites: Digital Logic Design, Linear IC Applications
Course Objectives:
1. To learn IC fabrication technologies and electrical properties of MOS and CMOS circuits
2. To draw the layouts for CMOS logic circuits and understand the design of ign flows for
combinational and sequential circuits.
3. To gain the concept of different memory design styles and CMOS testing
Unit I – MOS Technology and Electrical Properties of MOS Circuits
MOS Technology: MOS VLSI Technology, Basic MOS Transistors, Enhancement Mode Transistor
Action, Depletion Mode Transistor Action, NMOS, PMOS, CMOS, BiCMOS Fabrication and
Technology.
Electrical Properties of MOS Circuits: Ids-Vds Relationships, Threshold Voltage (Vt),
Transconductance (gm), Output Conductance (gds), Figure of Merit (ω0), MOS Transistor Circuit
Model, Nonideal I-V Effects: Channel length modulation, Body Effect, Leakage currents, Latch-
up in CMOS Process.
Unit II – Combinational Circuit Analysis and Circuit Families
Combinational Circuit Analysis: NMOS Inverter and CMOS Inverter Design & Analysis,
Alternative Forms of Pull-up for Combinational Circuits, Pull-up and Pull-down Ratios,
Interconnect -Resistance, Capacitance, Delay, Power Dissipation, Circuit Families: Pseudo
NMOS, Static CMOS, Dynamic Circuits, Domino Logic, Pass Transistor Circuits, Transmission
Gates, Complimentary Pass Transistor Logic (CPL).
Unit III – Technology Rules and Custom Design
Technology Rules: MOS Layers, Stick Diagrams, Design Rules and Layout, 2µm CMOS Design
Rules, Layouts for NMOS and CMOS logic gates, Scaling of MOS circuits.
Custom Design: Full Custom ASIC Design Flow, Standard Cell-based ASIC Design Flow, FPGA
Design Flow.
Unit IV – Data Path Subsystems and Sequential Circuit Design
Shifter-Barrel Shifter, Adders: Single Bit Addition, Ripple Carry Adder, Carry Look Ahead Adder,
Carry Skip Adder. Multipliers: Unsigned Array Multiplier, Booth Multiplier, Other Blocks:
One/Zero Detector, Parity Generator, Comparator, Sequential Circuit Design: Conventional
CMOS Latch and Flip-Flop Design, Counters, Linear Feedback Shift Registers.
Unit V –Array Subsystems, Verification & Testing
Array Subsystems: Categories of Memory Arrays, 6T SRAM Cell Read & Write Operation, 1T
DRAM Cell, ROM, PROM, Flash Memory, Verification & Testing: Logic Verification, Logic
Verification Principles, Manufacturing Tests, Manufacturing Test Principles, Fault Models, Design
for Manufacturability.
CO 1 : Familiarize with the basics of MOSFET and different IC fabrication technologies

CO 2 : Understand the electrical properties of MOS and CMOS circuits.
CO 3 : Develop layouts for NMOS, CMOS logic circuits and learn the design flow
CO 4 : Analyze and design various CMOS combinational and sequential circuits
CO 5 : Understand the concept of memory implementation and the need for testing
31
Text Books:
1. Kamran Eshraghian, Douglas A. Pucknell and Sholeh Eshraghian, Essentials of VLSI

circuits and systems, Prentice Hall India.
2. Neil H.E Weste, David Harris, and Ayan Banerjee, CMOS VLSI Design – A Circuits and
systems perspective, Pearson, 2009.
References:
1. John. P. Uyemura, Introduction to VLSI Circuits and Systems, John Wiley & Sons Inc
2007.
2. Wayne Wolf, Modern VLSI Design, 4th Edition, Pearson Education, 2015.
3. K. Lal Kishore and V S V Prabhakar, VLSI Design, 1st Edition, I.K International, 2009.
32
68301/68352
Managerial Economics and Financial Analysis
(Common to all branches)

Course Objectives:
1. To learn various principles of Business Economics and to make them effective business
decision makers.
2. To make the students understand functional areas and potential problems in economics
for efficient utilization of resources.
3. To have an overview on market structures, costs and pricing strategies.
4. To understand the basic elements involved in Financial Accounting.
5. To provide fundamental knowledge of Ratio Analysis for effective business decisions.
Unit I - Introduction Managerial Economics, Demand and Demand Forecasting
Economics: Significance of Economics, Distinction between Micro and Macro Economics.

Introduction to Managerial Economics, Nature and Scope of Managerial Economics,
Multidisciplinary nature of Business Economics.
Demand Analysis: Meaning of Demand, Determinants of Demand, Law of Demand and its
exceptions, Elasticity of Demand Elasticity, Types of Elasticity, Measurement and Significance of
Elasticity of Demand.
Demand Forecasting: Importance of Demand Forecasting, Methods of Demand forecasting,

Characteristics of Good Demand Forecasting method.
Unit II - Theory of Production and Cost Analysis
Production Analysis: Factors of Production, Production Function, Production Function with one
variable input, two variable inputs, Least Cost Combination of Inputs -Returns to Scale;
Cost Analysis: Types of Costs, CVP Analysis, Determination of Break Even Point (Simple
Problems)
Unit III - Market Structures & Macro Economic Concepts
Market Structures: Nature of Competition, Features of Perfect competition, Monopoly,

Monopolistic competition, Oligopoly.
Introduction to Macro Economic concepts useful to Business: National Income, Inflation, Money
Supply, Business cycles, phases in Business cycles.
Unit IV - Financial Accounting
Financial Accounting: Accounting concepts and Conventions, Accounting Equation, Double-Entry

system of Accounting, Rules for maintaining Books of Accounts, Journal, Posting to Ledger.
Preparation of Trial Balance, Elements of Financial Statements, Preparation of Final Accounts

(Simple Problems).
33
Unit V - Financial Analysis through Ratios
Financial Analysis: Meaning, Significance, Methods of Financial Analysis.
Concept of Ratio Analysis, Liquidity Ratios, Solvency/Leverage Ratios, Turnover/Activity Ratios,

Profitability Ratios.
CO 1 : Familiarize with the fundamentals of Economics such as Demand function, Law of
demand, Elasticity of demand and Demand Forecasting methods etc.
CO 2 : Evaluate Economies of Scale and the Break-Even Point of the business activity.
CO 3 : Understand the different Market Structures and Macro Economic concepts.
CO 4 : Able to understand the accounting system and preparation of Final Accounts.
CO 5 : Analyze Accounting Statements like Income Statement and Balance Sheet to
understand financial performance of the business.
Text Books:
1. Varshney & Maheswari, Managerial Economics, Sultan Chand, New Delhi

2. P.L.Mehta, Managerial Economics, Sultan Chand, New Delhi
3. S.N.Maheswari and S.K.Maheswari, Financial Accounting, Vikas Publishing House.
References:
1. D. Salvatore, Managerial Economics, McGraw-Hill, New Delhi.

2. Pearson and Lewis, Managerial Economics Prentice Hall, New Delhi.
3. Paresh Shah, Financial Accounting for Management , Oxford University Press, India
4. Erich A.Helfert, Techniques of Financial Analysis, Jaico Publishing House, Mumbai.
5. Aryasri A.R, Managerial Economics and Financial Analysis, McGraw-Hill, New Delhi.
34
64354
ADVANCED MICROCONTROLLERS
(Professional Elective – II)

Prerequisites: Microprocessors and Microcontrollers
Course Objectives:
1. To learn and understand the architecture of AVR and PIC microcontrollers

2. To learn and understand assembly language programming of AVR and PIC
microcontrollers
3. To explore the development of the microcontroller-based system
Unit I –AVR Microcontroller
Overview of The AVR Family, AVR Architecture, General Purpose Registers in AVR, Data
Memory, Status Register, Data Format and Directives.
Introduction to AVR Assembly Programming, Assembling an AVR Program, The Program
Counter and Program ROM Space in the AVR, RISC Architecture in the AVR.
Unit II –Instruction set and Programming of AVR
Branch Call and Time Delay Loop: Branch Instructions and Looping, Call Instructions and
Stack, AVR Time Delay and Instruction Pipeline.
I/O port programming: Port Programming in AVR, Bit Manipulation Programming, Arithmetic,
Logic Instruction and Programs, Arithmetic Instructions, Signed Number Concepts and
Arithmetic Operations, Logic and Compare Instructions, Rotate and Shift Instructions and Data
Serialization BCD and ASCII Conversion.
Unit III – AVR on Chip Features
Programming Timers 0,1 and 2, Counter Programming, AVR Interrupt, Programming Timer
Interrupts, Programming External Hardware Interrupts, Interrupt Priority in the AVR, Basics of
Serial Communication, AVR Serial Port Programming in Assembly, AVR Serial Port Programming
in Assembly Using Interrupts.
Unit IV – Overview of the PIC 18 family
The WREG Register in the PIC, The PIC File Register, Using Instructions with the Default Access
Bank, PIC Status registers, PIC data format and directives, Introduction to PIC Assembly
Programming, Assembling and linking a PIC program, the Program Counter and Program RAM
Space in the PIC, RISC Architecture in the PIC.
Unit V –Instruction Set and Programming of PIC Family
Branch instructions and Looping, Call instructions and Stack, PIC Time Delay and Instruction
Pipeline, I/O Port Programming in PIC, Bit Manipulation Programming, Arithmetic Instructions,
Signed Number Concepts and Arithmetic Operations, Logic and Compare Instructions, Rotate
and Shift instructions and Data Serialization, BCD and ASCII Conversion, Programming Timers
0 and 1, Counter programming Timers 0 and 1, Programming Timers 2 and 3.
CO 1 : Examine the architecture and registers of AVR microcontroller

CO 2 : Familiarize instruction set of AVR microcontroller and write programs in assembly
language.
CO 3 : Explore the On-chip peripherals of AVR microcontroller
CO 4 : Explore the internal architecture of PIC microcontroller and create ready to run
programs using assembly language.
CO 5 : Explore the On-chip peripherals of PIC microcontroller
35
Text Books:
1. Muhammad Ali Mazidi and Janice Gillispie Mazidi, The AVR Microcontroller and
Embedded Systems, Pearson, 2011.
2. Muhammad Ali Mazidi and Janice Gillispie Mazidi, The PIC Microcontroller and Embedded
Systems, Pearson, 2nd Edition, 2008.
References:
1. Dhananjay Gadre, Programming and Customizing the AVR Microcontroller, McGraw-Hill,

2000.
2. Richard H. Barnett, Embedded C Programming and the Atmel AVR, 2nd Edition, Delmar
Cengage Learning, 2006.
3. Peatman, Design with PIC Microcontroller, 1st Edition, Pearson, 2002.
36
64355
FPGA ARCHITECTURES AND APPLICATIONS

Pre-requisite: Digital and Logic Design, Digital Modelling using HDL
Course Objectives:
1. The basic knowledge of the programmable devices

2. The technologies used for programming and connecting internal blocks of FPGAs
3. Design application using FPGA.
Unit I – Introduction to Programmable Logic Devices & Field Programmable Gate

Arrays
Introduction, Programmable Read Only Memories, Programmable Logic Arrays, Programmable

Array Logic, FPGA Architectures, Configurable Logic Blocks, Configurable I/O Blocks, Embedded
Devices, Programmable Interconnect, Clock Circuitry, SRAM vs Antifuse Programming,
Emulating and Prototyping ASICs.
Unit II – SRAM Programmable FPGAs
Introduction, Programming Technology, Device Architecture, The Xilinx XC2000- architecture,

Logic Block, switch matrix connection. XC3000 Architecture, XC3000 CLB, XC3000 I/O Block,
Wiring Architecture. XC4000 Architecture, XC4000 CLB, XC4000 I/O Block, Wiring Architecture
Unit III – Anti-Fuse Programmed FPGAs
Introduction, Programming Technology, Device Architecture, The Actel ACT1, ACT2 and ACT3
Architectures and Logic Blocks. Designing Adders and Accumulators with the ACT Architecture
Unit IV – Erasable Programmable Logic Devices
Introduction, Programming Technology- Logic Structures using EPROM Transistors, Device

Architecture: Basic Concepts, Macrocell Architecture, Logic Array, Programmable Flipflops,
Programmable Clock, I/O Control Block, Design Security, Functional Testing, Operating
Requirements, Architecture Evolution in Array-Based PLD’s, The Classic Family of PLDs, MAX
Product Family, MAX 7000, MPLDs.
Unit V – Design Applications
General Design Issues, Counter Examples, A Fast Video Controller, A Position Tracker for a
Robot Manipulator, A Fast DMA Controller, Designing Counters with ACT devices.
CO 1 : Understand the FPGA architectures

CO 2 : Understand types of FPGA interconnecting technologies
CO 3 : Know different FPGA vendors architecture and their applications
CO 4 : Develop the capability of logic expression using anti-fuse FPGA such as ACTEL
FPGAs.
CO 5 : Understand the design applications using FPGA
37
Text Books:
1. Bob Zeidman, Designing with FPGAs and CPLDs, CMP Books, 2002.
2. Stephen M. Trimberger, Field Programmable Gate Array Technology, Springer
International, 1994.
References:
1. John V. Oldfield and Richard C. Dorf, Field Programmable Gate Arrays, Wiley India,
1995.
2. Pak K. Chan and Samiha Mourad, Digital Design Using Field Programmable Gate Arrays,
Pearson Low Price Edition, 1994.
3. Ian Grout, Digital Systems Design with FPGAs and CPLDs, Elsevier, 2008.
38
64356
WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS

Prerequisite: Analog Communications
Course Objectives:
1. To acquire the principles of cellular mobile communications

2. To analyze the signal propagation effects of large and small scale fading in wireless
communications.
3. To understand the principles of equalization, diversity reception and multiple access
techniques for wireless communications.
Unit I – Introduction to Wireless Communication Systems
Evolution of Mobile Radio Communications, Examples of Wireless Communication system:

Paging systems, cordless telephone systems, Cellular Telephone systems. The Cellular Concept
– System Design Fundamentals: Introduction, Frequency Reuse, Channel Assignment
Strategies, Handoff Strategies, Interference and System Capacity, Trunking and Grade of
Service, Improving Coverage and Capacity in Cellular Systems–Cell Splitting, Sectoring,
Microcell Zone Concept.
Unit II – Mobile Radio Propagation Large Scale Path Loss
Introduction to Radio Wave Propagation, Free Space Propagation Model, Relating Power to
Electric Field, The Three Basic Propagation Mechanisms, Reflection-Reflection from Dielectrics,
Brewster Angle, Reflection from perfect conductors, Ground Reflection (Two-Ray) Model,
Diffraction-Fresnel Zone Geometry, Knife-edge Diffraction Model, Multiple knife-edge
Diffraction, Scattering, Outdoor Propagation Models- Longley- Rice Model, Okumura Model,
Hata Model, PCS Extension to Hata Model, Walfisch and Bertoni Model, Wideband PCS Microcell
Model, Indoor Propagation Models-Partition losses (Same Floor), Partition Losses between
Floors, Log-distance Path Loss Model, Ericsson Multiple Breakpoint Model, Attenuation Factor
Model, Signal Penetration into Buildings, Ray Tracing and Site-Specific Modeling.
Unit III – Mobile Radio Propagation: Small–Scale Fading and Multipath
Small Scale Multipath Propagation Factors Influencing Small Scale Fading, Doppler Shift,
Impulse Response Model of a Multipath Channel, Relationship Between Bandwidth and Received
Power, Small-Scale Multipath Measurements-Direct RF Pulse System, Spread Spectrum Sliding
Correlator Channel Sounding, Frequency Domain Channels Sounding, Parameters of Mobile
Multipath Channels-Time Dispersion Parameters, Coherence Bandwidth, Doppler Spread
Coherence Time, Types of Small Scale Fading, Fading Effects due to Multipath Time Delay
Spread, Flat Fading, Frequency Selective Fading, Fading Effects due to Doppler Spread-Fast
Fading, Slow Fading, Statistical Models for Multipath Fading Channels-Clarke’s Model for Flat
Fading, Spectral Shape due to Doppler Spread in Clarke’s Model, Simulation of Clarke and Gans
Fading Model, Level Crossing and Fading Statistics, Two Ray Rayleigh Fading Model.
Unit IV – Equalization and Diversity
Introduction, Fundamentals of Equalization, Training a Generic Adaptive Equalizer, Equalizers in

a Communication Receiver, Linear Equalizers, Non-Linear Equalization, Decision Feedback
Equalization (DFE), Maximum Likelihood Sequence Estimation (MLSE) Equalizer, Algorithms for
Adaptive Equalization-Zero Forcing Algorithm, Least Mean Square Algorithm, Recursive Least
Squares Algorithm. Diversity Techniques-Derivation of Selection Diversity improvement,
Derivation of Maximal Ratio Combining Improvement, Practical Space Diversity Consideration
Selection Diversity, Feedback or Scanning Diversity, Maximal Ratio Combining, Equal Gain
Combining, Polarization Diversity, Frequency Diversity, Time Diversity, RAKE Receiver.
39
Unit V – Multiple Access Techniques for Wireless Communications
Introduction – Duplexing scheme FDD and TDD, Introduction to Multiple Access, FDMA, TDMA,
Spread Spectrum Multiple Access – Frequency Hopping, Direct Sequence, CDMA, Packet Radio –
Packet Radio Protocols, CSMA Protocols, Reservation Protocols.
CO 1 : Understand the fundamentals of mobile and cellular communications, system

design and cell capacity.
CO 2 : Understand the large-scale path loss in mobile radio propagation
CO 3 : Model the fading effects in multipath environment
CO 4 : Understand different types of equalizers and diversity techniques
CO 5 : Acquire knowledge on multiple access techniques
Text Books:
1. Theodore S. Rappaport, Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice, 2nd Edition,

Prentice Hall, 2002.
2. Andrea Goldsmith, Wireless Communications, Cambridge University Press, 2005.
References:
1. Andreas F. Molisch, Wireless communications, 2nd Edition, Wiley, 2005.

2. William Stallings, Wireless Communication and Networking, Prentice Hall, 2003.
3. Kamilo Feher, Wireless Digital Communications, Prentice Hall, 1999.
40
64381
DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS LAB

Course Objectives:
1. To realize and understand digital modulation techniques

2. To analyze the BER for different digital modulation schemes.
3. To understand the effect of channel coding while calculating BER.
List of Experiments
Part A (Hardware)
Generation & Detection of

1. Pulse Code Modulation (PCM)
2. Differential Pulse Code Modulation (DPCM)
3. Delta Modulation (DM)
4. Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) and Phase Shift Keying (PSK)
5. Differential Phase Shift Keying (DPSK)
6. Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM)
7. Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK)
Part B (Simulation)
8. Development of a real-time simulation model to understand delta modulation and

demodulation.
9. Study of different line coding schemes in real-time simulation modelling software.
10. Analysis of Phase Shift Keying (PSK)
a. Execute a software simulation code to generate a PSK waveform
b. Generate PSK waveform using real-time simulation modelling software
11. Execute a software simulation code to plot BER vs SNR for Gaussian channel using
Phase Shift Keying (PSK) modulation and demodulation.
12. Develop real-time simulation model in SIMULINK to calculate BER for Gaussian channel
using Phase Shift Keying (PSK) modulation and demodulation schemes.
13. Design and implementation of convolution coder.
14. To verify BER Vs SNR for different M-ary modulation techniques using appropriate
simulations.
CO 1 : Implement and analyze basic digital modulation techniques

CO 2 : Calculate the bit error rate for different digital modulation schemes
CO 3 : Verify and simulate the coding technique in digital modulation schemes
41
64382
DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING LAB

Course Objectives:
1. To understand the use of simulation software

2. To introduce DSP processor code composer studio to implement digital filters and audio
applications
The programs shall be implemented in software and hardware
1. Generation of sinusoidal waveform/signal based on recursive difference equation.

2. Find DFT / IDFT of given DT signal.
3. Find Linear and circular convolution between sequences
4. Find frequency Response of a given system given in transfer function/ differential
equation form.
5. Implementation of FFT of a given sequence
6. Determination of the power spectrum of a given signal(s).
7. Implementation of LP FIR filter for a given sequence
8. Implementation of HP FIR filter for a given sequence
9. Implementation of LP IIR filter for a given sequence
10. Implementation of HP IIR filter for a given sequence
11. Generation of sinusoidal signal through filtering.
12. Implementation of the decimation process
13. Implementation of the interpolation process
14. Implementation of I/D sampling rate converters
15. The impulse response of the first order and second-order systems.
Note: Minimum of 12 experiments to be conducted.
CO 1 : Carry out a simulation of DSP systems

CO 2 : Implement the FFT for various DSP applications
CO 3 : Design IIR and FIR digital filters
CO 4 : Implement multi-rate signal processing systems
CO 5 : Implement DSP systems using DSP processor
42
68331/68382
ADVANCED ENGLISH COMMUNICATION & SOFT SKILLS LAB

( Common to all Branches )

Course Objectives:
1. To equip the students with the requisite communication skills for the real time
environment.
2. To develop decision making, time management and negotiation skills required in the
professional context
3. To familiarize students with latest resume writing and interview skills
4. To develop as independent learners through book review
5. To develop holistic soft skills.
Syllabus:
1. Effective Communication
2. Introduction to Soft Skills
3. Negotiation Skills
4. Group Discussion
5. Decision Making and Problem Solving
6. Interpersonal/ Intrapersonal Skills
7. Time Management
8. Presentation Skills
9. Resume Writing
10. Book Review
Course Outcomes: Students will
CO 1 : Evolve as effective communicators.

CO 2 : Emerge as decision makers, time managers and good negotiators.
CO 3 : Gain proficiency in resume writing and requisite interview skills
CO 4 : Collate ideas and information and organize them relevantly and coherently.
CO 5 : Be empowered to use soft skills in the global context.
References:
1. Meenakshi Raman & Sangeeta Shrama, Technical Communication: Principles and

Practice, 3rd Edition, Oxford University Press, 2015.
2. Nishitesh & Dr. Bhasker Reddi, Soft Skills & Life Skills, The Dynamics of Success, BSC
Publishers & Distributors, 2012.
43
68381
Quantitative Ability Lab
(Common to all Branches)

Course Objectives:
1. To introduce Number Systems, Percentages and Profit & Loss questions

2. To introduce Interest, Speed Time and Distance questions
3. To introduce Ratio and Proportion, Progressions and Inequality questions
4. To introduce Averages, clocks &calendars questions
5. To Practice general problems in Placement, CAT and GRE etc. tests
Contents
1. Number Systems
2. Percentages
3. Profit and Loss
4. Interest (Simple and Compound)
5. Speed, Time and Distance
6. Time and Work
7. Averages
8. Ratio and Proportions
9. Progressions
10. Inequalities
11. Permutation and Combination
12. Mixtures and Allegations
13. Mensuration
14. Clocks and Calendars
15. Geometry
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, the student is able to
CO 1: Solve the problems using Number Systems, Percentages and Profit & Loss
CO 2: Solve the problems using Interest, Speed Time and Distance
CO 3: Solve the problems using Ratio and Proportion, Progressions and Inequality
CO 4: Solve the problems using Menstruation, Geometric, Clocks & Calendars questions
CO 5: Practice general problems in Placement, CAT and GRE etc. tests
Text Books:
1. R S Aggarwal, Quantitative aptitude, S Chand & Co., 2012.

2. Quantitative aptitude, Upkar’s.
References:
1. Arun Sharma, How to prepare for Quantitative Aptitude, 3rd Edition, Tata- McGraw-Hill, 2011
2. P K Agarwal, A Hand book of test of reasoning & Quantitative aptitude, S Chand & Co., 2012.
44
68351
Essence of Indian Knowledge Tradition
(Mandatory Course for all branches)
Instruction : 1 Period / week Continuous Internal Evaluation* : 100 Marks

Credits : -
Course Objectives :
The course aims at imparting basic principles of thought process, reasoning and inference.
Sustainability is at the core of Indian Traditional Knowledge Systems connecting society and
nature. Holistic life style of yogic science and wisdom capsules in Sankrit literature are also
important in modern society with rapid technological advancements and societal disruptions.
Part-I for Undergraduate Courses focuses on introduction to Indian Knowledge Systems, Indian
perspective of modern scientific world-view and basic principles of Yoga and holistic care
system.
Course Content :
*Pedagogy: Brief lectures followed by Problem based learning group discussion,
collaborative mini projects. Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE) based
participation, assignments and reports on critical case studies.
1. Basic structure of Indian Knowledge System(5 hours)
A brief on Vedic literature as a treasure-house of knowledge and wisdom and some basic
doctrines as found in the Vedas and in the Upanisads that continue to influence the modern
thought:
a) Asthadasa Vidyas: Veda, Upaveda (Ayurveda, Dhanurveda, Gandharva Veda,
Sthapatya Veda etc. )
b) Vedanga (Shadangas: Siksha, Kalpa, Niruktha, Vyakarana (Grammar), Chandas,
Jyothisha (Astrology))
c) Upanga: (Dharma Sastra, Meemamsha, Purana, Tharka).
d) Some Important Vedic Concepts: Samhitas, Brahmanas, Aranyakas; Sat and Asat,
Mutual Triad, Law of Karma.
e) Upanisads: Essence of main Upanishds and teachings for a holistic life.
(Reference: IGNOU Study Material)
2. Modern Science and Indian Knowledge System(5 hours)
a) Growth of scientific, technical and medical knowledge in India through ages –

Ayurveda-Vedic Mathematics– Astronomy.
b) Modern Physics/ Quntum Physics and Vedanta; Holistic Science and Vedanta: A
comparative study.
c) Engineering aspects in ancient traditional literature:
Relevance of ancient Indian science and technology today. Philosophy of ancient
Indian technology, how is different from modern technology? Ancient Indian
Scientific methods. Development in different branches of Science in Ancient India:
Contributions of Scientists of Ancient India (Ex. Aryabhatta and Varahamihira in
the fields of Astronomy and Mathematics; Contribution of Charaka and Sushruta).
Glimpses of ancient Indian science and technology, a few examples from:

 Material Technology: Mining, Metals and Metallurgy, Iron Making and
craftsmanship, Wootz Steel Technology. Extraction of Zinc in ancient India,
Glass making, Bead making Techniques, Ceramic Technology.
 Water Harvesting Technology, Irrigation Systems
 Town planning, Building construction, Sanitation
 Agriculture and Textile Technology
 Aeronautical Engineering
3. Yoga and Holistic Health Care(2 hours)

a) Yoga Sutras of Patanjali– Concept of Yoga, The essence of aphorisms of Pantanjali
Maharshi on Yoga.
b) Some Practical aspects of Pranayama and Yogaasanas, Concept of Holistic Health
and Influence of Yogic practices on health. Effect of Yoga & Meditation on
Consciousness & Mindfulness.
45
4. Case Studies(2 hours)
1. Study on experiences of some Indian Philosophers and Modern Scientists.

Views of great leaders (Swami Vivekananda, Gandhiji etc.) on Ancient knowledge
tradition.
2. Unity in Diversity in India.
CO 1 : To gain a general idea of the vast Vedic literature and their content and to grasp
the relevant concepts of the Vedas and appreciate its relevance in the modern
world.
CO 2 : Understand, connect up and explain basics of Indian Traditional Knowledge in
Modern Scientific Perspective.
CO 3 : Understand Yoga psychology as both a positive and a normative science and its
contribution for a holistic health.
CO 4 : Understand the views of our great philosophers to correlate their efforts to
achieve unity in diversity.
References:
From AICTE Model Curriculum:
1. V. Sivaramakrishnan (Ed.), Cultural Heritage of India – Course Material, Bharatiya

Vidya Bhavan, 5th Edition, 2014.
2. Swami Jitatmanand, Modern Physics and Vedanta, Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan
3. Swami Jitatmanand, Holistic Science and Vedanta, Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan
4. Fritz of Capra, Tao of Physics.
5. Fritz of Capra, The Wave of Life.
6. VN Jha (Eng. Trans.). Tarkasangraha of Annam Bhatta, International Chinmay
Foundation, Velliarnad, Arnakulam.
7. Yoga Sutra of Patanjali, Commentary by Swami Vivekananda, Ramakrishna Mission,
Kolkatta.
8. GN Jha (Eng. Trans.). Ed. RN Jha, Yoga-Darshanam with Vyasa Bhashya, Vidyanidhi
Prakashan, Delhi, 2016.
9. RN Jha, Science of Consciousness Psychotherapy and Yoga Practices, Vidyanidhi
Prakashan, Delhi, 2016.
10. P B Sharma (English translation), Shodashang Hridayam.
Additional References:
1. Introduction to Vedas and Upanisads, IGNOU-Course material.

2. Swami Vivekananda on the Vedas and Upanishads, Sister Gayatriprana, the Vedanta
Society of Southern California.
3. Physics: An Integral Part of Vedic Wisdom, Dr. S.R. Verma, Veda-Vidya, Vol. 24, July-
December 2014.
4. Vedanta and Science, Swami Tathagatananda.
5. Sanskrit Literature and the Scientific Development in India, Justice Markandey Katju,
Judge, Supreme Court of India, speech delivered on 27.11.2010 at Banaras Hindu
University, Varanasi.
6. Science of the Sacred, Ancient Perspectives for Modern Science, Compiled by Davis
Osborn.
7. Critical Review of Emergence of The Ayurvedic : Tradition In Vedic Literature, Pallavi
Varshney and Swastik Suresh, IJSR 2015; 1(7): 24-27, www.sanskritjournal.com
8. Yoga and psychotherapy, Christine Jeuland Ware.
46
64357
ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS AND IC APPLICATIONS

(EEE)

Prerequisite: Analog Electronics
Course Objectives:
1. To analyze and design power amplifiers

2. To analyze and design various electronic circuits using an Op-Amp
3. To acquire the knowledge of Digital IC families.
Unit I – Power Amplifiers
Comparison between Voltage and Power Amplifiers, Classification of Power Amplifiers, Types of
Class A powers: Series Fed, Transformer Coupled, Class B Amplifiers: Push-Pull Amplifier,
Complementary Symmetry, Efficiency of Class A and Class B Power Amplifiers, Class AB
Amplifiers: Push-Pull Amplifier, Complementary Symmetry, Distortion of Power Amplifiers.
Unit II – Operational Amplifier
Ideal and Practical Op-Amp, Op-Amp Characteristics, DC and AC Characteristics, Modes of

Operation – Inverting, Non-Inverting, Differential. Applications–Instrumentation Amplifier, V-I
& I-V Converters, Differentiators, Integrators, Comparators, Schmitt Trigger.
Unit III – Applications-Oscillators, Multivibrators
Concept of Feedback, Types of Feedback, Classification of Oscillators, Condition for Oscillations,

RC Phase Shift Oscillators, Generalized Analysis of LC Oscillators-Hartley and Colpitt’s
Oscillators, and Wein Bridge Oscillator using Op-Amp, Bistable Multivibrator, Astable
Multivibrator and Mono-Stable Multi Vibrator using op-amp.
Unit IV – Applications- Filters and 555 Timer and its applications
Active Filters- Low Pass, High Pass, Band Pass and Stop Filters, Comparison between Active and
Passive Filters, 555 Timer: Functional Diagram, Monostable Operation, Astable Operation,
Schmitt Trigger, PLL- Block Diagram and its Applications.
Unit V – Data Converters and Digital Integrated Circuits
Introduction, Basic DAC Techniques, Different Types of DACs–Weighted Resistor DAC, R-2R
Ladder DAC, Inverted R-2R DAC, Different Types of ADCs – Parallel Comparator Type ADC,
Counter Type ADC, Successive Approximation ADC and Dual Slope ADC, DAC and ADC
Specifications.
Classification of Integrated Circuits, Standard TTL Nand Gate–Analysis & characteristics, TTL
Open Collector Outputs, Comparison of Various Logic Families.
CO 1 : Analyze power amplifiers

CO 2 : Analyze and design oscillators and filters using Op-Amp
CO 3 : Analyze and design multivibrators using 741 IC and 555 timer IC
CO 4 : Design applications using PLL.
CO 5 : Classify and comprehend the working principle of data converters and logic
families.
47
Text Books:
1. D. Roy Chowdhury, Linear Integrated Circuits, 3rd Edition, New Age International(p)
Ltd., 2008.
2. J. Millman and C. C. Halkias, Integrated Electronics, McGraw-Hill, 2001.
References:
1. K. Lal Kishore, Op-Amp and Linear Integrated Circuits, Pearson, 2008.

2. R. P. Jain, Modern Digital Electronics, 4th Edition, TMH, 2010.
3. Floyd and Jain, Digital Fundamentals, 8th Edition, Pearson Education, 2005.
48
64358
SIGNAL ANALYSIS AND TRANSFORM TECHNIQUES
(Professional Elective – I)
(EEE)

Course Objectives:
1. To learn the concepts and methods for the analysis of continuous-time signals and
systems.
2. To analyze signals and systems in terms of both time and transform domains
3. To develop the mathematical skills to solve problems involving convolution, filtering,
modulation and sampling.
Unit I – Signal Analysis and Fourier Series
Signal and its Properties, Basic Continuous-Time Signals, Classification of Signals, Basic
Operations on Signals, Analogy between Vectors and Signals, Orthogonal Signal Space, Signal
Approximation using Orthogonal Functions, Mean Square Error, Closed or Complete Set of
Orthogonal Functions, Orthogonality in Complex Functions.
Fourier Series: Dirichlet’s Conditions, Representation of Fourier Series, Trigonometric and

Exponential Fourier Series, Complex Fourier Series and Spectrum, Properties of Fourier Series.
Unit II – Fourier Transform and Sampling
Fourier Transform: Fourier Transform from Fourier series, Inverse Fourier Transform, Fourier
Transform of Arbitrary Signals, Fourier Transform of Different Signals, Properties of Fourier
Transform, Fourier Transform of Periodic Signals.
Sampling: Sampling Theorem – Graphical and Analytical Proof for Band Limited Signals,
Impulse Sampling, Natural and Flat Top Sampling, Reconstruction of Signal from its Samples,
Aliasing Effect.
Unit III – Signal Transmission through Linear Systems
System and its Classification, Linear Time-Invariant System, Impulse Response, Response of a
LTI System, Concept of Convolution in Time Domain and Frequency Domain, Graphical
Interpretation of Convolution, Convolution Property of Fourier Transform, Transfer Functions of
a LTI System, Distortion-less Transmission through a System, Signal Bandwidth, System
Bandwidth, Ideal Filter Characteristics.
Unit IV – Laplace Transforms
Laplace Transforms Concept of Laplace Transforms, Concept of Region of Convergence (ROC)

for Laplace Transforms, Constraints on ROC for various Classes of Signals, Laplace Transforms
of Different Signals, Properties of Laplace Transforms, Inverse Laplace Transform, Partial
Fraction Expansion.
Unit V – Z-Transforms
Z–Transforms Concept of Z-transform of a Discrete Sequence, Region of Convergence in Z-

Transform, Constraints on ROC for various Classes of Signals, Z-Transform of Different Signals,
Properties of Z-Transforms, Inverse Z-Transform using Contour Integration Method, Partial
Fraction and Long Division Method.
CO 1 : Characterize and analyze the properties of continuous-time and discrete-time

signals and systems.
CO 2 : Apply the knowledge of linear algebra topics like vector space, basis, dimension,
inner product, norm and orthogonal basis to signals.
49
CO 3 : Represent continuous signals and systems in the frequency domain using Fourier
series and Fourier Transform.
CO 4 : Apply the Laplace Transform and Z- Transform for analyzing continuous-time and
discrete-time signals and systems.
CO 5 : Understand the concept of sampling and reconstruction of analog signals
Text Books:
1. B. P. Lathi, Signals, Systems and Communications, BS Publications, 2008.

2. A. V. Oppenheim, A. S. Willsky and S. H. Nawab, Signals and Systems, 2nd Edition,
Prentice Hall, 2010.
References:
1. Michel J. Robert, Fundamentals of Signals and Systems, McGraw-Hill International

Edition, 2008.
2. C. L. Philips, J. M. Parr and Eve, A. Riskin, Signals, Systems and Transforms, 5th
Edition, Pearson Education, 2014.
2. Simon Haykin and Van Veen, Signals and Systems, 2nd Edition, John Wiley & Sons Inc.,
2005.
50
64359
MICROPROCESSORS AND CONTROLLERS
(Professional Elective -I)
(CSE)

Course Objectives:
1. To learn and understand Architecture and Programming of 8086.

2. To learn and understand different Peripherals Interfacing with 8086.
3. To learn and understand the working of a microcontroller 8051.
Unit I - 8086 Architecture
8086 Architecture–Functional Diagram, Register Organization, Memory Segmentation, Signal

Descriptions of 8086, Minimum and Maximum Modes, Physical Memory Organization, Timing
Diagrams, Addressing Modes 0f 8086, the Instruction set of 8086, Assembler Directives.
Unit II - Memory and I/O Interfacing
SRAM Interfacing and DRAM Interfacing, 8255 PPI Architecture, Various Modes of Operation of
8255 and Interfacing with 8086, Displays, Keyboard Interfacing, Interfacing Analog to Digital
converter: ADC 0808/0809, Interfacing Digital to Analog converter: DAC 0800.
Unit III - Interrupts and Serial Communication Interface
Interrupt Structure of 8086, Vector Interrupt Table, Interrupt Service Routine, Interrupt
Controller 8259 Architecture and interfacing with 8086. Introduction to DOS and BIOS
Interrupts.
Serial Communication Standards, Serial Data Transfer Schemes, 8251 USART Architecture and
Interfacing, RS-232.
Unit IV - 8051 Microcontroller
Overview of 8051 Microcontroller, Architecture, I/O ports, Memory Organization, Addressing

Modes and Instruction Set of 8051, Simple Programs.
Unit V - 8051 Real-Time Control
Interrupts, Timer/Counter and Serial Communication, Programming Timer Interrupts,

Programming External Hardware Interrupts, Programming the Serial Communication Interrupts,
Programming 8051 Timers and Counters.
CO 1 : Gain knowledge about pipelined processor 8086 and understand timing diagrams.
CO 2 : Interface the processor with peripheral devices.
CO 3 : Gain knowledge about interrupt structure and serial communication of 8086
microprocessor.
CO 4 : Master the 8051 architecture and programming
CO 5 : Implementing various real-time controls like timers, interrupts, serial
communications in 8051 microcontroller
51
Text Books:
1. A. K. Ray and K. M. Bhurchandani, Advanced Microprocessors and Peripherals, 2nd

References:
1. D.V. Hall, Microprocessor and Interfacing, 2ndEdition, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2006.

2. Liu and G. A. Gibson, Micro Computer system: 8086/8088 Family Architecture,
Programming and Design, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall, 1986.
Embedded Systems, 2ndEdition, Pearson, 2008.
52
64360
TELEMETRY AND TELECONTROL
(Professional Elective-I)
(EIE)

Prerequisite: Transduction of Physical Variables, Principles of Communications
Course Objectives:
1. To understand principles of telemetry, codes and multiplexing.

2. To learn the methods of satellite, modern and optical telemetry.
3. To familiarize with the principles of telecontrol methods.
Unit I
Telemetry Principles: Introduction, Functional Blocks of Telemetry System, Methods of

Telemetry – Non-Electrical, Electrical, Pneumatic, Frequency.
Symbols and Codes: Bits and Symbols, Time function pulses, Line and Channel Coding,
Modulation Codes, Inter Symbol Interference.
Unit II
Frequency Division & Time Division Multiplexed Systems: FDM, IRIG Standard, FM and
PM Circuits, Receiving End, PLL, TDM-PAM, PAM/PM and TDM - PCM Systems, PCM Reception,
Differential PCM, QAM, Protocols
Unit III
Satellite Telemetry: General Considerations, TT&C Service, Digital Transmission Systems,

TT&C Sub-systems, Telemetry and Communications.
Modern Telemetry: Zigbee, Ethernet, BLANS, Internet Based Telemetering, Wireless LANs,
Introduction to Multimedia.
Unit IV
Optical Telemetry: Optical Fibers Cable - Sources and detectors - Transmitter and Receiving
Circuits, Coherent Optical Fiber Communication System.
Unit V
Telecontrol Methods: Analog and Digital Techniques in Telecontrol, Telecontrol Apparatus –

Remote Adjustment, Guidance and Regulation - Telecontrol using Information Theory - Example
of a Telecontrol System.
CO 1 : Understand the functional blocks in the Telemetry System

CO 2 : Understand the concept of multiplexing the signals for communication
CO 3 : Understand the Digital transmission system
CO 4 : Understand the different optical sources and detectors
CO 5 : Understand the concepts of different Analog and Digital Techniques used in
Telecontrol Systems.
53
Text Books:
1. D. Patranabis, Telemetry Principles, 1st Edition, TMH, 1999.

2. Swoboda G, “Telecontrol Methods and Applications of Telemetry and Remote Control”,
Reinhold Publishing Corporation., London, 1991.
References:
1. Gruenberg L, Handbook of Telemetry and Remote Control, 1st Edition, McGraw-Hill, New
York, 1987.
2. Young R. E, Telemetry Engineering, 1st Edition, Little Books Ltd., London, 1988.
3. Housley T, Data Communication and Teleprocessing System, 2nd Edition, PH Intl.,
Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1987.
54
64361
DIGITAL SYSTEM DESIGN
(Professional Elective -I)
(EIE)

Prerequisite subject: Digital Circuits and IC Applications
Course Objectives:
1. To give an overview of the design of finite state machines and digital circuits using PLDs
2. To get knowledge about the ASM charts design and implementation
3. To provide the fundamentals of fault modelling and fault diagnosis in combinational
circuits and sequential circuits.
Unit I - Minimization and Transformation of Sequential Machines
Finite State Model, Finite State Machine (FSM) Capabilities and Limitations, State Equivalence
and Machine Minimization, Simplification of Incompletely Specified Machines, Fundamental
Mode Model, Flow Table, State Reduction, Minimal Closed Covers, Races, Cycles and Hazards.
Unit II - Digital Design
Digital Design using ROMs, PALs and PLAs, BCD Adder, 32–bit Adder, State Graphs for Control
Circuits, Scoreboard and Controller, Shift and Add Multiplier, Array Multiplier, Keypad Scanner,
Binary Divider.
Unit III - ASM Charts
Algorithmic State Machine (ASM) Charts, Derivation of ASM Charts, Realization of ASM Chart,
Implementation of Binary Multiplier, Dice Game Controller.
Unit IV - Fault Modeling & Test Pattern Generation
Logic Fault Model, Fault Detection & Redundancy, Fault Equivalence and Fault Location, Fault
Dominance, Single Stuck-At Fault Model, Multiple Stuck-At Fault Models, Bridging Fault Model.
Fault Diagnosis of Combinational Circuits by Conventional Methods – Path Sensitization
Techniques, Boolean Difference Method, Kohavi Algorithm, Test Algorithms- D Algorithm,
Random Testing, Transition Count Testing.
Unit V - Fault Diagnosis in Sequential Circuits
Circuit Test Approach, Transition Check Approach, State Identification and Fault Detection
Experiment, Machine Identification, Design of Fault Detection Experiment.
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, a student should be able to
CO 1 : Acquire knowledge about FSM design and implementation

CO 2 : Understand the design of digital systems using PLDs.
CO 3 : Acquire confidence in the design of digital systems using ASM Charts
CO 4 : Get knowledge about fault detection and diagnosis of combinational circuits
CO 5 : Understand the concepts about the testing of sequential circuits.
55
Text Books:
1. Charles H. Roth, Fundamentals of Logic Design, 5th Edition, Cengage Learning, 2013.
2. Miron Abramovici, Melvin A. Breuer and Arthur D. Friedman, Digital Systems Testing
and Testable Design, 1st Edition, John Wiley and Sons Inc, 1994.
3. N. N. Biswas, Logic Design Theory, 1st Edition, PHI, 2001.
References:
1. Z. Kohavi, Switching and Finite Automata Theory, 2nd Edition, TMH, 2001.
2. Morris Mano and M. D. Ciletti, Digital Design, 4th Edition, PHI, 2007.
3. Samuel C. Lee, Digital Circuits and Logic Design, PHI, 1976.
56
67305/ 67358
CYBER SECURITY
(Mandatory Subject)
Continuous Internal
Instruction : 3 Periods / week : 100 Marks
Evaluation
Tutorial : - Semester End Examination : -
Credits : NIL Semester End Exam Duration : -
Prerequisites: NIL
Course objectives:
• To familiarize various types of cyber-attacks and cyber-crimes

• To give an overview of the cyber laws
• To study the defensive techniques against these attacks
Course Outcomes:
The students will be able to understand cyber-attacks, types of cybercrimes, cyber laws and
also how to protect them self and ultimately the entire Internet community from such attacks.
UNIT – I
Introduction to Cyber Security: Basic Cyber Security Concepts, layers of security,

Vulnerability, threat, Harmful acts, Internet Governance – Challenges and Constraints,
Computer Criminals, CIA Triad, Assets and Threat, motive of attackers, active attacks, passive
attacks, Software attacks, hardware attacks, Spectrum of attacks, Taxonomy of various
attacks, IP spoofing, Methods of defense, Security Models, risk management, Cyber Threats-
Cyber Warfare, Cyber Crime, Cyber terrorism, Cyber Espionage, etc., Comprehensive Cyber
Security Policy.
UNIT - II
Cyberspace and the Law & Cyber Forensics: Introduction, Cyber Security Regulations,
Roles of International Law. The INDIAN Cyberspace, National Cyber Security Policy.
Introduction, Historical background of Cyber forensics, Digital Forensics Science, The

Need for Computer Forensics, Cyber Forensics and Digital evidence, Forensics Analysis of
Email, Digital Forensics Lifecycle, Forensics Investigation, Challenges in Computer Forensics,
Special Techniques for Forensics Auditing.
UNIT – III
Cybercrime: Mobile and Wireless Devices: Introduction, Proliferation of Mobile and Wireless
Devices, Trends in Mobility, Credit card Frauds in Mobile and Wireless Computing Era, Security
Challenges Posed by Mobile Devices, Registry Settings for Mobile Devices, Authentication
service Security, Attacks on Mobile/Cell Phones, Mobile Devices: Security Implications for
Organizations, Organizational Measures for Handling Mobile, Organizational Security Policies
and Measures in Mobile Computing Era, Laptops.
UNIT- IV
Cyber Security: Organizational Implications: Introduction cost of cybercrimes and IPR issues,
web threats for organizations, security and privacy implications, social media marketing:
security risks and perils for organizations, social computing and the associated challenges for
organizations.
Cybercrime and Cyber terrorism: Introduction, intellectual property in the cyberspace, the
ethical dimension of cybercrimes the psychology, mindset and skills of hackers and other cyber
criminals.
57
UNIT – V
Privacy Issues: Basic Data Privacy Concepts: Fundamental Concepts, Data Privacy Attacks,
Data linking and profiling, privacy policies and their specifications, privacy policy languages,
privacy in different domains- medical, financial, etc.
Cybercrime: Examples and Mini-Cases
Examples: Official Website of Maharashtra Government Hacked, Indian Banks Lose Millions of
Rupees, Parliament Attack, Pune City Police Bust Nigerian Racket, e-mail spoofing instances.
Mini-Cases: The Indian Case of online Gambling, An Indian Case of Intellectual Property Crime,
Financial Frauds in Cyber Domain.
Text Books:
1. Nina Godbole and Sunit Belpure, Cyber Security Understanding Cyber Crimes,
Computer Forensics and Legal Perspectives, Wiley.
2. B. B. Gupta, D. P. Agrawal, Haoxiang Wang, Computer and Cyber Security: Principles,
Algorithm, Applications, and Perspectives, CRC Press, ISBN 9780815371335, 2018.
References:
1. Cyber Security Essentials, James Graham, Richard Howard and Ryan Otson, CRC Press.
2. Introduction to Cyber Security, Chwan-Hwa (john) Wu, J. David Irwin, CRC Press T&F
Group.
58
65304 / 65358
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
(Mandatory Subject)
Continuous Internal
Instruction : 3 Periods / week : 100 Marks
Evaluation
Tutorial : - Semester End Examination : -
Credits : 0 Semester End Exam Duration : -
Course Objectives: To train the students to understand different types of AI agents, various
AI search algorithms, fundamentals of knowledge representation, building of simple knowledge-
based systems and to apply knowledge representation, reasoning. Study of Markov Models
enable the student ready to step into applied AI.
UNIT – I
Introduction: AI problems, Agents and Environments, Structure of Agents, Problem Solving

Agents Basic Search Strategies: Problem Spaces, Uninformed Search (Breadth-First, Depth-
First Search, Depth-first with Iterative Deepening), Heuristic Search (Hill Climbing, Generic
Best-First, A*), Constraint Satisfaction (Backtracking, Local Search)
UNIT – II
Advanced Search: Constructing Search Trees, Stochastic Search, A* Search Implementation,

Minimax Search, Alpha-Beta Pruning Basic Knowledge Representation and Reasoning:
Propositional Logic, First-Order Logic, Forward Chaining and Backward Chaining, Introduction to
Probabilistic Reasoning, Bayes Theorem.
UNIT – III
Advanced Knowledge Representation and Reasoning: Knowledge Representation Issues,

Non- monotonic Reasoning, Other Knowledge Representation Schemes Reasoning Under
Uncertainty: Basic probability, Acting Under Uncertainty, Bayes’ Rule, Representing
Knowledge in an Uncertain Domain, Bayesian Networks
UNIT – IV
Learning: What Is Learning? Rote Learning, Learning by Taking Advice, Learning in Problem
Solving, Learning from Examples, Winston’s Learning Program, Decision Trees.
UNIT - V
Expert Systems: Representing and Using Domain Knowledge, Shell, Explanation, Knowledge
Acquisition.
Text Book:
1. Russell, S. and Norvig, P, Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach, Third Edition,

Prentice- Hall, 2010.
References:
1. Artificial Intelligence, Elaine Rich, Kevin Knight, Shivasankar B. Nair, The McGraw-Hill
publications, Third Edition, 2009.
2. George F. Luger, Artificial Intelligence: Structures and Strategies for Complex Problem
Solving, Pearson Education, 6th ed., 2009.
59

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With effect from the academic year 2020-21

Instruction : 3 Periods / week Continuous Internal Evaluation : 30 Marks

Prerequisites: Signals and Systems

1. To understand the generation and detection of various analog modulations

Unit I – Amplitude Modulation

Introduction of Communication System, Need of Modulation, Amplitude Modulation, Power

Unit II – Single Sideband Modulation

Unit III – Angle Modulation

Basic Definitions, Properties of Angle Modulated Waves, Relationship Between FM and PM

Unit IV – Noise in Analog Communications

Noise in Communication Systems, Signal-to-Noise Ratios, Band-Pass Receiver Structure, Noise

Unit V – Radio Receivers and Pulse Modulation

CO 1 : Understand the basic communication system fundamentals, various modulation

Instruction : 3 Periods / week Continuous Internal Evaluation : 30 Marks

Prerequisites: Electromagnetic Theory and Transmission Lines

1. To provide the concepts of antenna fundamentals

Unit I – Antenna Fundamentals and Wire Antennas

Unit II – Antenna Arrays

Point Sources – Definition, Patterns, Arrays of 2 Isotropic Sources - Different Cases,

Unit III – VHF, UHF and Microwave Antennas

Unit IV –Microstrip Antennas and Antenna Measurements

Microstrip Antennas – Features, Advantages and Limitations, Rectangular Microstrip Antennas,

Unit V – Wave Propagation

CO 1 : Understand the antenna parameters and design linear wire antenna

1. E. C. Jordan and K. G. Balmain, Electromagnetic Waves and Radiating Systems, 2nd

Instruction : 3 Periods / week Continuous Internal Evaluation : 30 Marks

Prerequisite: Electronic Circuits – I, Electronics Circuits - II

1. To understand the circuit aspects of Op-amp and 555 Timer

Unit I – Introduction to Operational Amplifier and an OP-AMP with Feedback

Introduction, Operational Amplifier, Block Diagram Representation of a Typical Op-Amp,

An OP-AMP with Negative Feedback: Voltage Series Feedback Amplifiers: Negative

Unit II – The Practical OP-AMP Characteristics & Basic Applications

Unit III –Linear Applications

Unit IV – Oscillators, Comparators and Converters

Unit V – Specialized IC Applications

555 as a Monostable Multivibrator, Monostable Multivibrator Applications, 555 as an Astable

CO 1 : Understand the basics of OP-AMP 741 IC and analyze op-amp circuits

Instruction : 3 Periods / week Continuous Internal Evaluation : 30 Marks

Prerequisite: Digital Logic Design, Computer Organization and Architecture

1. To learn and understand the architecture of 8086.

Unit I – 8086 Microprocessor

8086 Architecture–Functional Diagram, Register Organization, Memory Segmentation, Flag

Unit II – 8051 Microcontroller

Microcontrollers and Embedded Processors, Overview of 8051 Microcontroller, Architecture,

Unit III – 8051 Programming in Embedded C

Unit IV – Serial port and Interrupt Programming

Basics of Serial Communication, RS 232, Serial Port Programming in C.

Unit V – 8051 Interfacing

CO 1 : Understand the architecture and organization of 8086.

1. A. K. Ray and K. M. Bhurchandani, Advanced Microprocessors and Peripherals, 2nd

1. D.V. Hall, Microprocessors and Interfacing, 2nd Edition, TMH, 2006.

Instruction : 3 Periods / week Continuous Internal Evaluation : 30 Marks

Prerequisites: Electronic Circuits – I, Electronic Circuits - II

1. To provide the concepts of action potential and bio-signal acquisition techniques

Unit I – Action Potential and Transducers

Unit II – Bio-signal Acquisition

Physiological Signal Amplifiers, Isolation Amplifier, Medical Preamplifier Design, Bridge

Unit III – Biopotential Recorders

Characteristics of Recoding System, Electrocardiography (ECG), Electro Encephalography

Unit IV – Specialized Medical Equipment

Digital Thermometer, Audio Meter, X-Ray Machines, Radiography and Fluoroscopy,

Unit V – Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation

Computers in Medicine, Lasers in Medicine, Basic Principles of Endoscopes, Nuclear Imaging

1. L. Cromwell, F.J. Weibel land E. A. Pfeiffer, Biomedical Instrumentation and