Enneagram ‫שאילתה‬

The: A Review of the Empirical and Transformational Literature

Bland, Andrew M.
Journal of Humanistic Counseling, Education and Development, v49 n1 p16-
31 Spr 2010
The enneagram is an ancient system of personality development represented
by a symbol signifying 9 character orientations composed of habitual patterns
of perception, emotion, and behavior. By exploring their orientation,
individuals can identify and transcend the strengths and limitations of their
value systems and work toward an integrated worldview conducive to others'
growth.

2.

The Riso-Hudson Enneagram Type Indicator: Estimates of Reliability

and Validity

Newgent, Rebecca A.; Parr, Patricia E.; Newman, Isadore; Higgins, Kristin K.
Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, v36 n4 p226
Jan 2004
This investigation was conducted to estimate the reliability and validity of
scores on the Riso-Hudson Enneagram Type Indicator (D. R. Riso & R.
Hudson, 1999a). Results of 287 participants were analyzed. Alpha suggests
an adequate degree of internal consistency. Evidence provides mixed support
for construct validity using correlational and canonical analyses but strong
support for heuristic value.
3.

Reliability and Validity Study of a Sufi Personality Typology: The

Enneagram.

Wagner, Jerome; Walker, Ronald E.

Journal of Clinical Psychology, v39 n5 p712-17 Sep 1983
Examined a Sufi personality typology that describes nine life strategies
depicted by a nine-sided figure called the enneagram. Devised an objective
135-item test instrument to differentiate the nine styles, and obtained positive
results. Enneagram typology may have diagnostic, prognostic, and heuristic
value for studying personality structure and dynamics.
4.

Using the Enneagram for Client Insight and Transformation: A Type

Eight Illustration

Tapp, Karen; Engebretson, Ken

Journal of Creativity in Mental Health, v5 n1 p65-72 2010
The purpose of this article is to demonstrate how mental health practitioners
can use the Enneagram's system of human personality development as a
source of insight and a tool for personality transformation. The article provides
an introduction to the Enneagram and its orientation to personality types and
defines a linear process of how to use the Enneagram with clients. Mental
health practitioners can use the Enneagram to help clients develop a deeper
understanding of their personality styles and those of others to move forward
with needed cognitive and behavioral changes, thereby effectuating
productive relational change.

5.

Developmental Relational Counseling: A Model for Self-Understanding

in Relation to Others

Duffey, Thelma; Haberstroh, Shane

Journal of Creativity in Mental Health, v7 n3 p263-271 2012
Developmental relational counseling (DRC) is an integrative framework
designed to help clients develop personal awareness and relational
functioning and conceptualize personal growth. DRC emerged from both
authors' clinical work and was significantly influenced by relational-cultural
theory and guided by the Enneagram personality typology and cognitive and
narrative therapies. DRC provides a roadmap for understanding the dynamics
of personal awareness and relational functioning.
6.

Synthesizing the Enneagram through Music

Louden-Gerber, Gwen; Duffey, Thelma

Journal of Creativity in Mental Health, v3 n3 p319-329 Oct 2008
This article describes a creative intervention used in an independent study
course which focused on Enneagram studies. In addition to extensive reading,
writing, discussion, and reflection at weekly meetings, one assignment for the
course involved the compilation of songs that depict the core motivations,
fears, and desires for each type. Utilizing contemporary songs to describe
Enneagram type presentation provides students with an opportunity to focus
on each type's core traits and challenges. Undergoing the process of song
selection and elimination in and of itself tests the student's overarching
understanding of the Enneagram typology. Creating a final product (i.e., a
recorded selection of songs for each type) helps provide an additional
medium from which to integrate this heavily nuanced material. Ultimately,
each song seeks to create a personal voice in which individual type begins to
surface in a more intimate manner. In this article, the authors provide a brief
introduction to the "Enneagram personality," in addition to ways in which
music can be used to facilitate an understanding of personality type within
counselor education. The authors also provide an example of possible songs
that can reflect each type's essential challenges, and possibilities for
transformation.

7.

The Soul of Teaching and Professional Learning: An Appreciative

Inquiry into the Enneagram of Reflective Practice

Luckcock, Tim
Educational Action Research, v15 n1 p127-145 Mar 2007
This paper makes a contribution to the theory and practice of educational
action research by introducing two theoretical and methodological resources
as part of a personal review of sustained professional experience:
"appreciative inquiry" and the "enneagram". It is more than a theoretical
exercise, however, because it also constitutes an action-oriented reflection on
the transitional nature of the author's professional situation, moving from work
as a school-based primary school teacher and head teacher to work as a
consultant. It is thus a distillation of past experience and a vision of how
professional learning might be supported in the future. In the first part,
appreciative inquiry is introduced as an associated form of action research
methodology that follows four successive stages of discovery, dream, design
and destiny around an affirmative topic choice. The author then explains his
choice of the enneagram as a useful life-affirming tool for self-understanding
in personal and professional development and how it might be used to
stimulate reflexive awareness of the inner work of teaching. Thirdly, in the
discovery stage, the author uses the enneagram to engage in a sequence of
nine short mediations that seek to appreciate the positive core of teaching
from the inside and celebrate the intimate experience of teaching according to
nine distinct modes of consciousness. Fourthly, the author builds on the range
of teaching strengths revealed by the enneagram by engaging in the dream
stage of appreciative inquiry that evokes an imaginative envisioning of the
kind of reflective practice the world is calling for from teachers. Finally, the
author concludes by looking ahead to the design and destiny stages,
reflecting on the need to explore the implications of the inquiry for systematic
forms of practitioner research and appropriate kinds of tutorial support for
professional learning.

8.

Discovering the Enneagram.

Cusack, Ginny
Montessori Life, v8 n4 p34-35 Fall 1996
Presents the enneagram as a tool to identify one's personality type, leading to
increased self-understanding and the ability to communicate with others.
Describes staff inservice sessions for faculty and administration to identify
personality type, discuss "hot buttons and openers," and elaborate on
implications for work relationships. Discusses other uses, including teacher
training, parent education, and middle-school education. 

9.

"BUT IS IT REAL?" A REVIEW OF RESEARCH ON

THE ENNEAGRAM.

Authors:
 Sutton, Anna

Source:

Enneagram Journal. Jul2012, Vol. 5 Issue 1, p5-19. 15p. 1 Chart.

Document Type:

Article

Subject Terms:

*ENNEAGRAM
*JUSTIFICATION (Theory of knowledge)
*HERMENEUTICS
*INTERPRETATION (Philosophy)
*POSITIVISM

Abstract:

The article reviews three studies on the enneagram, a nine-sided

figure. It cites two reasons for why solid research on the subject is
important which are to help to justify the use of the diagram and to
prove that believers in the figure do not lose its really in idiosyncratic
interpretations or conjecture. It presents a summary of the
enneagram type scores on five traits such as extraversion,
agreeableness and conscientiousness.

10.

THE ENNEAGRAM AND STYLES Of PROBLEM-SOLVING.

Authors:

Nathans, Hannah
Van der Meer, Han

Source:

Enneagram Journal. Jul2009, Vol. 2 Issue 1, p62-80. 19p. 9 Charts, 5

Graphs.

Document Type:

Article
Subject Terms:

*ENNEAGRAM
*TYPOLOGY (Psychology)
*PROBLEM solving
*CONFLICT management
*CHARACTERS & characteristics
*PERSONALITY

Abstract:

The article presents a study which proves the accuracy of general

references to the creative problem solving styles of
the Enneagram types found in its most authoritative descriptions. The
researchers explore the validity of the descriptions by the use of the
Kirton Adaptation-Innovation (KAI) inventory on 124 persons with
Enneagram types that are highly accurate. The results proved to be
statistically significant in which most findings support
the Enneagram descriptions.

11.

ENEAGRAM STYLES AND MALADAPTIVE SCHEMAS: A

RESEARCH INQUIRY.

Authors:

Wagner, Jerome

Source:

Enneagram Journal. Summer2008, Vol. 1 Issue 1, p52-64. 13p. 2

Charts.

Document Type:

Article

Subject Terms:

*SCHEMAS (Psychology)
*ENNEAGRAM
 *COGNITIVE therapy
*PERCEPTION testing
*QUESTIONNAIRES
*PSYCHOLOGY -- Research
*METHODOLOGY

NAICS/Industry Codes:

541720 Research and Development in the Social Sciences and

Humanities

Abstract:

The article presents a study on the relationship between maladaptive

schemas and Enneagram styles. Cognitive psychotherapy is an
effective approach in assessing and changing how a person responds
to the world, and its concept of maladaptive schemas occur when they
distort reality. The different lifetraps that affect the perception of a
person include abandonment, dependence and subjugation. The study
used questionnaires to assess the correlation
between Enneagram styles and the lifetraps.

12.

CLIPPING THE WINGS OFF THE ENNEAGRAM; A STUDY IN

PEOPLE'S PERCEPTIONS OF A NINEFOLD PERSONALITY
TYPOLOGY.

Authors:

Edwards, Anthony C.1

Source:

Social Behavior & Personality: an international journal. 1991, Vol. 19

Issue 1, p11-20. 10p.

Document Type:

Article

Subject Terms:
 *ENNEAGRAM
*PERSONALITY
*TYPOLOGY (Psychology)
*MENTAL health
*PSYCHOLOGY
*TEMPERAMENT

NAICS/Industry Codes:

621330 Offices of Mental Health Practitioners (except Physicians)

Abstract:

The Enneagram is a personality typology staling that there are nine

basic types of personality, each represented by a different number from
one to nine. According to Riso (1987), in addition to being one basic
type, people also have a wing of (i.e. possess traits of) one of the two
types represented by a number adjacent to that representing the basic
type. If Riso's argument is correct, people presented with brief
descriptions of the nine types should perceive maximal similarity
between types which are represented by adjacent numbers. This
hypothesis was examined in the present study, but was not supported.
13.

A COMPARISON OF THE NINE ENNEAGRAM PERSONALITY

STYLES AND THEODORE MILLONS' EIGHT PERSONALITY
PATTERNS.

     

Authors:

Wagner, Jerome

Source:

Enneagram Journal. Jul2012, Vol. 5 Issue 1, p21-34. 14p. 7 Graphs.

Document Type:

Article

Subject Terms:
 *ENNEAGRAM
*CORRELATION (Statistics)
*PERSONALITY
*TYPOLOGY (Psychology)

People:

MILLON, Theodore

Abstract:

The article discusses the correlations between the nine styles of

the enneagram and the eight personality patterns proposed by
personality theorist Theodore Millon. It mentions that a typology was
devised by Millon to define eight personality patterns and the
formulation of those matches the enneagram conception of the
development of ego-fixations in different ways. It presents a study
conducted by the author which found significant correlations between
the two variables.
14.

The couple's enneagram questionnaire (CEQ)

Eckstein, Daniel . Family Journal 10.1  (Jan 2002): 101-108.

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Abstract (summary)
TranslateAbstract

The enneagram is an ancient system designed to help a person better

understand her or his primary needs and motivators. Eckstein shares
a enneagram questionnaire to assist couples and families in understanding of
both one's own plus one's partners and/or other family members' primary
motivators.

15.

The Enneagram: A Review of the Empirical and Transformational Literature

Bland, Andrew M. .  Journal of Humanistic Counseling, Education and
Development 49.1: 16-31. American Counseling Association. 5999
Stevenson Avenue. (2010)

Turn on hit highlighting for speaking browsers by selecting the Enter button
Abstract (summary)
TranslateAbstract

The enneagram is an ancient system of personality development represented

by a symbol signifying 9 character orientations composed of habitual patterns
of perception, emotion, and behavior. By exploring their orientation,
individuals can identify and transcend the strengths and limitations of their
value systems and work toward an integrated worldview conducive to others'
growth. 

15.

PERSONALITY DIFFERENTIATION OF IDENTICAL TWINS REARED

TOGETHER.

    
Authors:

Maxon, Betsy
Daniels, David N.

Source:

Enneagram Journal. Summer2008, Vol. 1 Issue 1, p65-76. 12p. 6

Diagrams, 1 Chart.

Document Type:

Article

Subject Terms:

*TWINS -- Psychology
*ENNEAGRAM
*PERSONALITY assessment
*PSYCHOLOGY -- Research
*METHODOLOGY
*PERSONALITY development

NAICS/Industry Codes:

541720 Research and Development in the Social Sciences and

Humanities

Abstract:
The article presents a study on the use of Enneagram to identify the
differences in the personalities of identical twins reared together.
The Enneagram system views an individual based on personality
types and how these interact with each other. The research
methodology includes the use of the Essential Enneagram Test and
interviews. The study found that the identical twins have different
personalities, and suggested the genetic and environmental
components in identifying personality.