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Personal Development
Quarter 2 - Module 8
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Reviewers:
Personal
Development
Quarter 2 - Module 8
Social Relationships in Middle and
Late Adolescents
What I Know...............................................................................................................................................iii
Lesson 1:
Roles of Individuals and the Influence of Leadership .......................
Lesson 2:
Perception of Oneself and of Others.....................................................................
Lesson 3:
Knowing Some Filipino Relationships................................................................
Summary
Assessment: (Post-Test)
Key to Answers........................................................................................................................................
References.................................................................................................................................................
This page is intentionally blank
What This Module is About
1. distinguish the various roles of different individuals in society and how they
can influence people through their leadership or followership
(EsP-PD11/12SR-IIb- 10.1);
2. compare one’s perception of himself/herself and how others see him/her
(EsP-PD11/12SR-IIc- 10.2); and
3. conduct a mini-survey on Filipino relationships (family, school, and
community) (EsP-PD11/12SR-IIc- 10.3)
How to Learn from this Module
To achieve the objectives cited above, you are to do the following:
• Take your time reading the lessons carefully.
• Follow the directions and/or instructions in the activities and exercises
diligently.
• Answer all the given tests and exercises.
Icons of this Module
This part contains learning objectives
What I Need to that
are set for you to learn as you go along
Know the
module.
II
What I Know
Multiple Choice. Select the letter of the correct answer from the given choices.
3. These are the people who create and implement the laws of the land.
4. A. celebrities B. children
C. political leaders D. religious leaders
4. They are the people who promote ethical behavior, responsible personal
decisions and social justice.
5. A. celebrities B. children
C. political leaders D. religious leaders
6. The impact of a person to another person which causes him to change his
behavior as convinced by the influencer.
7. A. personal relationships B. followership
C. leadership D. social influence
9. These are the specific evaluations or judgements a person creates about the
self-concept.
A. self-concept B. self-esteem
C. self-efficacy D. self-confidence
10. This is developed through experience which is about the person’s extent of
seeing himself as an effective individual.
A. self-concept B. self-esteem
C. self-efficacy D. self-confidence
11. These are guide to man’s behaviors and actions as they relate with others in
most situations in life.
A. beliefs B. philosophies
C. principles D. values
13. One of the values by which Filipinos are famous of; being polite and
accommodating to other people.
A. bayanihan B. hospitality
C. pakikipagkapwa-tao D. utang na loob
14. A sense of obligation to the part of someone being helped with to repay the
one who has done a favor.
A. bayanihan B. hospitality
C. pakikipagkapwa-tao D. utang na loob
15. The spirit of communal unity and cooperation.one who has done a favor.
A. bayanihan B. hospitality
C. pakikipagkapwa-tao D. utang na loob
This page is intentionally blank.
The Various Roles of Different
Individuals in the Society and
Lesson
1 How They Can Influence
People Through Their
Leadership or Followership
What’s New?
ACTIVITY 1
In here, you are tasked to review how you think and act considering some
factors (parents, peers, culture, and society) that affect you. In most cases, how
does each factor affect your thoughts and action? Provide a course of
action or decision with short explanation relevant to your own
experience.
Scenarios:
1. Choosing your strand/track to take in studying.
2. Joining a club or organization inside and outside school.
3. The way you dress or your clothing style.
PARENTS PEERS
COMMUNITY SOCIETY
What is it?
INPUT 1
As you grow up, you get to know people and build relationships by which you
have first had with your family. As human persons, it is expected that you build
relationships or social relationships by which also affect the way you think, decide
and even act on certain things.
Hence, adolescence is a crucial part of your development as a person and
there different factors or in this matter, called as social relationships that influence
you. Social relationships are your interactions with other people. These kind of
relationships vary from the “degree of intimacy and vulnerability you offer to other
people so as to cooperate and achieve a certain objective.”
There are four (4) main types of relationships that influence you as an
adolescent: (1) Parents, (2) Peers, (3) Community and (4) Society. However, these
factors are shaped by culture. Culture can have a positive or negative effect on your
development.
Now, as you commit into social relationships, you also have various roles to
represent. In the society, you can be someone based on a social situation that you
decide to take. This is what we call as role(s), as of the following:
Political leaders
Religious leaders
Teachers
Children
Church members
Celebrities
ACTIVITY 2
INPUT 2
Again, as you commit into social relationships, you may also find
yourself either leading or someone being led. From your experience with the game,
you may have found out that you are a good leader or a good follower which you can
also see yourself in the context of the society where you belong. Hence, being either
a leader or a follower influences other people.
According to Chris Bernard, leadership is the ability of the person in
authority to guide others to achieve certain goals. Leadership is also a way of
influencing other people by which the leader influence the followers to achieve the
organizational goals. Next to leadership is followership which is the act or condition
of following a leader. Being a follower is not passive, one must be a critical thinker
and interactive in the act of helping the leader achieve the goal. Thus, the leader and
the follower need each other; there is a dynamic relationship of mutual benefit and
support between them.
Nevertheless, being either a leader or follower gives you the
opportunity to influence people around you. Social influence is the impact of a
person to another person which causes the latter to change his behavior as
convinced by the influencer. Some social influences are known as:
conformity - is behaving as others do. This is desiring to belong to
peers and seek their approval in order to feel that you are
one of them.
compliance – an individual is doing something that another individual
has told them to do. This is also another way of an
adolescent to feel belong with peers.
obedience – this is accepting and doing something directed to you by
a person you look up as someone in authority. In most
cases in obedience, you believe that you don’t have a
choice.
What’s more?
What responsibilities did you have as the leader? As the person being led?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
What does it take to trust someone to lead you? What does it take to be
trustworthy leader?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Lesson
2 Perception of Oneself and of Others
What’s in?
After learning that you are a human person capable of building and
engaging in different relationships with other people, you are now challenged to do
more of discovering yourself and how others see you.
ACTIVITY 1
Which kind of person will people think I was when I’m gone?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
What’s new?
It’s about a pregnant Tigress who goes out hunting one day.
She finds a whole herd of goats. And she goes after the goats because she is very, very hungry.
So this little cub who grows into a tiger now is wandering with the goats and acting like a goat and
bleating like the goats and eating the way the goats eat.
Then one day a tiger, a big male tiger, comes into the goat herd and all the goats scatter except this
little tiger. He is about a year old now and looking at this big male tiger somehow he is sensing an
affinity with this tiger. But he freezes in his tracks and he stands there staring at the tiger.
The big tiger comes over to him and says ‘What’s wrong with you?’ The little one says ‘What do you
mean what’s wrong with me?’ The big tiger says ‘What’s wrong with you? What are you doing? You
are acting weird.
You are acting like a goat.’ The little tiger says ‘I am a goat!’ The big one says ‘No you’re not. You
are not a goat.’ He leads the little tiger over to a pond.
A very still pond. He said ‘Now look at yourself. Really look at yourself.’ The little cub looks at
himself, and he looks at the big tiger, and he is confused. The tiger says ‘Come with me, come with
me.’ He takes him back to his den, and in the den, there is some leftover meat from a gazelle that had
been his recent kill.
So he says to the little tiger ‘Eat this.’ The little cub says ‘Well no way. I am a vegetarian. ‘ The tiger
says ‘Try it. Just try it.’ So the little tiger reaches over and he takes a bite off the bone.
What is it?
Merriam-Webster defines
perception as a mental image, while self-perception as the idea about the kind of
person someone is. Given these definitions of the terms, how do you understand or
see yourself as a person?
The development of self-perception happens althroughout a person’s lifetime.
Many questions arise as to what kind of person you are and what kind of person
others see and/or know you. Thus, in the study of self, there three (3) core concepts
to understand --- self-concept, self-esteem and self- efficacy.
There is a great relationship of these three concepts in understanding the self.
Self-efficacy influences the self-esteem which also influences the self-concept.
Before going deeper into the relationship of these three, let us first understand each
concept.
Self-concept is the person’s awareness or thinking about himself. Self-concept
is developed in ways like: a person’s interaction with others and their reaction to him
and comparisons to other people (as in superiority and inferiority, similarity and
difference). Next, self-esteem are the specific evaluations or judgements a
person creates about the self-concept. Self-esteem affects the way a person
communicates and behaves by which this concept varies through life and the context
a person is in. Lastly, self-efficacy is developed through experience. This is also
about the person’s extent of seeing himself as an effective individual.
Going back to the explanation of the relationship of the three core concepts,
here is an example:
Pedro did a good job on his first college speech. During a meeting with his
professor, Pedro indicates that he is confident going into the next speech and thinks
he will do well. This skill-based assessment is an indication that Pedro has a high
level of self-efficacy related to public speaking. If he does well on the speech, the
praise from his classmates and professor will reinforce his self-efficacy and lead him
to positively evaluate his speaking skills, which will contribute to his self-esteem. By
the end of the class, Pedro likely thinks of himself as a good public speaker, which
may then become an important part of his self-concept. Throughout these points of
connection, it’s important to remember that self-perception affects how we
communicate, behave, and perceive other things. Pedro’s increased feeling of self-
efficacy may give him more confidence in his delivery, which will likely result in
positive feedback that reinforces his self-perception. He may start to perceive his
professor more positively since they share an interest in public speaking, and he
may begin to notice other people’s speaking skills more during class presentations
and public lectures. Over time, he may even start to think about changing his major
to communication or pursuing career options that incorporate public speaking, which
would further integrate being “a good public speaker” into his self-concept. You can
hopefully see that these interconnections can create powerful positive or negative
cycles. While some of this process is under our control, much of it is also shaped by
the people in our lives (Perceiving and Presenting Self).
REPEATING ACTIVITY 1
Which kind of person will people think I was when I’m gone?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
What’s more?
ACTIVITY 2
Filling out the Eulerian Destiny circles provokes critical thinking and self-reflection.
Doing this requires you to look at four areas of your life by answering the following
questions:
Note: Take a while to write these things down in four overlapping circles and see
where they all meet. This may take time and serious thinking, but it can result in
defining and refining your purpose in life. This will provide you with a framework to
form your future and a basis of self-awareness.
What’s new?
ACTIVITY
2.
3.
4.
5.
What is it?
Filipino Values
The values mentioned above are just few of the many values that you may
have observed as a Filipino adolescent. Now, it’s your turn to recall other values that
you know or have been practicing at home or in the community where you belong.
Cite at least three values and give brief explanation of each.
1. _____________________ - ___________________________________
2. _____________________ - ___________________________________
3. _____________________ - ___________________________________
What’s more?
Every culture has its own strengths and weaknesses by which people
who belong to that certain culture may find it difficult as strength or weakness
because those are the things that they are used to. As someone who has undergone
all the lessons of this subject, it is expected from you that you can now compare
different things and think a little more critically.
Hence, your task before this module ends is to recall or research some weak
characteristics Filipinos have and what can you do to make it better when similar
situations come your way.
SUMMARY
As you grow up and develop yourself you will see that a lot of things
comprise life and that these things will affect you. In building and committing into
relationships, you must learn that every choice you make and the every step you
take can influence other people as you also influence them. You must learn how to
take charge as a good leader and how to be a good follower as both affect all that
surround you.
Next, as a growing individual you must also learn to perceive yourself
appropriately balancing all the factors that affect you and your characteristics that
have been developed all this time. Recognizing yourself well while looking to your
surrounding will help you develop yourself as an efficient individual.
Lastly, as a Filipino adolescent, you must also know, recognize and
learn the values that shaped you, your family and the community where you belong.
By this, you will be able to embrace the identity of your culture and behave
appropriately and create better relationships with others successfully.
Assessment: (Post-Test)
3. These are the specific evaluations or judgements a person creates about the
self-concept.
A. self-concept B. self-esteem
C. self-efficacy D. self-confidence
7. These are the people who create and implement the laws of the land.
8. A. celebrities B. children
C. political leaders D. religious leaders
8. They are the people who promote ethical behavior, responsible personal
decisions and social justice.
9. A. celebrities B. children
C. political leaders D. religious leaders
9. One of the values by which Filipinos are famous of; being polite and
accommodating to other people.
A. bayanihan B. hospitality
C. pakikipagkapwa-tao D. utang na loob
10. A sense of obligation to the part of someone being helped with to repay the
one who has done a favor.
A. bayanihan B. hospitality
C. pakikipagkapwa-tao D. utang na loob
11. The spirit of communal unity and cooperation.
A. bayanihan B. hospitality
C. pakikipagkapwa-tao D. utang na loob
12. These are guide to man’s behaviors and actions as they relate with others in
most situations in life.
A. beliefs B. philosophies
C. principles D. values
14. This is the ability of a person in authority to guide others to achieve certain
organizational goals.
10. A. guidance B. instruct
C. followership D. leadership
15. The impact of a person to another person which causes him to change his
behavior as convinced by the influencer.
11. A. personal relationships B. followership
C. leadership D. social influence
Key to Answers
Pre-test: Post-test
1. D 1. C
2. C 2. A
3. C 3. B
4. A 4. C
5. D 5. D
6. D 6. C
7. C 7. C
8. A 8. A
9. B 9. B
10. C 10. D
11. D 11. A
12. A 12. D
13. B 13. A
14. D 14. D
15. A 15. D
References
Walinga, Jennifer, and Charles Stangor. “7.3 Adolescence: Developing
Independence and Identity.” Introduction to Psychology 1st Canadian Edition.
BCcampus, October 17, 2014.
https://opentextbc.ca/introductiontopsychology/chapter/6-3-adolescence-
developing-independence-and-identity/.
Pier. “Filipino Culture - Core Concepts.” Cultural Atlas. Accessed June 18, 2020.
https://culturalatlas.sbs.com.au/filipino-culture/filipino-culture-core-concepts.
“Trust Walk.” Trust Walk | Drama-Based Instruction. Accessed June 18, 2020.
https://dbp.theatredance.utexas.edu/content/trust-walk.
Libretexts. “2.3: Perceiving and Presenting Self.” Social Sci LibreTexts. Libretexts,
September 25, 2019.
https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Courses/De_Anza_College/COMM10:_Survey_of
_Human_Communication/02:_Communication_and_Perception/2.3:_Perceiving
_and_Presenting_Self.
“33 Self-Awareness Activities for Adults and Students.” Develop Good Habits, June
19, 2020. https://www.developgoodhabits.com/self-awareness-activities/.
“Self Awareness - A Story About The Grass Eating Tiger.” Beyk, February 23, 2020.
https://www.erikamohssen-beyk.com/better-mind/self-awareness-a-storie/.