Proceedings of the 71h lntemational Conference on

Properties and Applications of Dielectric Materials

June 1-5 2003 Nagoya P1-3

Study on Calculation Model of the Lightning Protection Performance of Shielding Failure for
500kV Double Circuit Transmission Line

ZHANG Zhijin, SlMA Wenxia, LIAO Ruijin

(The Key Laboratory of High Voltage Engineering and Electrical New Technology, Ministry of Education,
Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China )
*E-mail:zzjzp@sina.com

Abstract: Using double-circuit transmission line is the The deflection angle y, of suspension insulator strings
developing trend for 500kV main configuration to reduce would be[":
the line holding ground, So analyzing it's lightning P G
protection performance is significative to extend c =t g - h k + L, .g4)1(/+
2A
L, (1)
double-circuit transmission line in Ultra high voltage
network. When analyzing the lightning protection Where: Lc L, = horizontal span distance and vertical

calculation model is built in this paper. Furthermore, the of suspension insulator strings ( kg 1: A=section area of
results that more accord with the practical condition are
lead ( m m 2 ):
got by using program to calculate it.
The effect of split space between divided lead must be
Key words: Wind speed, EGM, Transmission Line, the
considered into the wind deflection angle for divided
Rate of Shielding Failure
lead, thus the p gives I":
Introduction P
p=tg-l[('+L, . g 4 ) / (G/ +. L C . g l ) ] + 1 g -i -
d (2)
2A 2A 2,1
With the development of economy this years, the line Where: 3, =length of insulators(m) i d =split space
hallway in big city, developed area in industry and between divided conductor(m).
agriculture, forestry region and so on is terrible, using
double circuit transmission line is the developing trend
The wind deflection angle of lead gives"':
for 500kV network to reduce the place of the 500kV
transmission line hallway. There are many models to 5 = &(g4 181) (3)
estimate the lightning protection performance at present.
Unfortunately, we can not express the fact that the rate of The Calculation Model of EGM Considering the
shielding fail~re[''['~[~~is the main for ultra voltage Wind Speed
transmission line no matter regular method , EGM
(electric geometty model) or LPM (leader progression Figure 2 shows the EGM model with considering the
model). lightning is in concomitance with raining and effect of wind speed:
winding in reality, so the EGM is improved by
considering adequately the effect factor of wind speed
this paper. It is significant for extending double circuit
transmission lines in ultra high voltage network.

The Calculation of Wind Deflection Angle

Figure 1 shows the results that the wind deflection angle

of suspension insulator strings and lead in the wind speed
U
~~.
I /
,'/,'f,'///
///i///,/// ////
9yD"Y'D"
vvvlit0rrt.lng. Figure 2 The EGM with considering the effectof wind speed
Where: h: , h: , Lf , L: =the place of lead and overhead
ground wire when the wind speed is U . They can be
the dmop dutance
of h d
calculated by the following equations:
hE=h,+,l-nco~+f~-f~cos5, (4)
Figure 1 wind deflection angle LA = L, + I s i n c + f csin 5, (5)

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 a h e influence of wind speed to the shielding angle a
hi = h, + f, - f, cost, (6)
L: = L , + f , sin[, (7) 14
o’=tfl[(Lf -L’)/(hk -hb)] (8) 12
10
Where: X =the length of insulator strings, m: f,,f,=the
.
h
o n
droop distance of lead and overhead ground wire, m; v
0 6
&,{,=the wind deflection angle of lead and overhead 4
2
ground wire, ( O): p = t h e wind deflection angle of
0
insulator strings, ( ”): a’=shielding angle,( 0 10 20 30 40
u/m.s-’
The paper also considers the effect of distribution
probability of wind speed for the sake of that the the s l u e l d u ~ q kin the place of tower
analyzing results are more accord with the actual - theshldqangleinmidspan
working condition(commonly, the distribution of wind
speed can be described into deviation normal Figure4 the influence of wind speed to shielding angle
distribution). There is a lot of models to simulate wind Figure4 shows the result that when the wind speed is
speed, thereinto, Weilbull Double Parameter distribution enhancive, the shielding angle is enhancive, furthermore,
is suitable to describe the distribution of wind speed. when the wind speed is 2 5 d s above, the shielding angle
When the wind speed is U , the density function of in midspan will be possible larger than in tower.
Weibull distributive probability can be expressed [‘I:
@the influence of wind speed to the rate of shielding
(9) failure T.
Figure5 shows the wind speed’s influence to the rate of
Where: k C= double parameter of Weilbull distribution, shielding failure. When the wind speed is less then 5 d s ,
they can be estimated by the maximal wind speed and the influence to the rate of shielding failure is little, but
average wind speed. That is based on the metrical when the wind speed is 5 d s above, the rate of shielding
maximal and average wind speed of I O minutes in T time, failure will increase quickly. The reason is that the wind
they can be estimated approximatively by the following
speed can cause the lead, overhead ground wire and
equations:‘” : -
insulator strings swinging and make the shielding angle
k = In(lnT/ln(0.9vm,, i v ) ) (10) increasing, furthermore, it will make conductor .
C =i/(r(l+
I/k) (11) overhead ground wire far away from the ground and then
-
Where: Y = average wind speed, m/s; v,,, = maximal
wind speed, m/s; r =gama function
Lightning Protection Performance of SOOkV Double
Circuit Transmission Line

The calculation parameter of the paper is base on the out line of

Three Gorge substation, the type of lead (divided lea4 split 0 5 IO 15 20 25
distance between with is 450”) is LGJ-630/55, the type of U /m.s~’
overhead ground wire is LHAGJ-150125; Thunderstorm
Hour Data is 40,Figure 3 is the sbucture of SI tnwer, the t,yx Figures the influence of wind speed to the rate of
of insulators is XF-300, the calculation results are got by shielding failure
considedg the effect of wind speed and VC++ program.. increase the probability of attrahent lightning, so the
wind speed must be thought over to accord with the
practical condition when analyzing the lightning
protection performance of 500kV double circuit
transmission line.

@comparing the rate of shielding failure between with

wind speed and without wind speed
When the distributive probability of wind speed is
thought ( k = 2.1 , C = 5.3 ) , table 1.shows the calculation
result that the rate of shielding failure with wind speed is
more than without wind speed.
Figure 3 the structure of sl tower

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 CONCLUSION
Table1 the rate of shielding failure (depd100km.a)
ground The wind speed will affect the shielding angle and the
10 15 20 25 rate of shielding failure for 500kV double circuit
obliquity
wltnoui wina
rra'=rl I
0 0 I 0.038 I
0.263 I I transmission line. The shielding angle of line will
increase when the wind speed increases, furthermore,
when the wind speed is 25 d s above, the shielding angle
speed
1.UL-I " in midspan will be possible larger than in tower: when
the wind speed is 5 d s above, the rate of shielding
@ the influence of ground obliquity to the rate of failure will increase quickly, so the wind speed must be
shielding failure T. thought over to accord with practical condition when
Fig 6 shows the result that the influence of ground analyzing the lightning protection performance of 500kV
obliquity to the rate of shielding failure for 500kV double circuit transmission line. When the ground
double circuit transmission line. When the ground obliquity increasing, the rate of shielding failure
obliquity increasing, the rate of shielding failure increasing nonlinearly, just as when the ground obliquity
increasing nonlinearly, just as when the ground obliquity is less than 15" , it influences to the rate of shielding
is less than 15" , it influences to the rate of shielding failure little; but when the ground obliquity is larger than
failure little; hut when the ground obliquity is larger than 15" ,the rate of shielding failure will increase multiply
15" ,the rate of shielding failure will multiple increase with the ground obliquity increasing. The rate of
with the ground obliquity increasing. It is appearance shielding failure will increase with the height of tower
that it is disadvantage for lightning protection of line, so increase.
when the ground obliquity is larger, we suggest that
minishing the shielding angle or adding the strength of REFERRENCE
insulators to reduce the rate of shielding failure.
[ l ] IEEE Working Group on Estimating Lightning
-L 0.8
- Performance of Transmission Lines. Estimating
lightning Performance of Transmission Lines
d
. 0. 6
T T h e heiuhtoffowcri74m 11-Updates to Analytical Models[J].IEEE Trans.
PWRD-8(3):1254--1267, 1993
[[2] Standard in Electric Power Trade OF the People
Republic of China DL/T 620/1997: The over voltage
protection and insulation coordination of AC electric
0 10 20 30 equipment.
g o m d obliquity(") [3] M.A. Sargent and M. Darveniza, The Calculation of
the Double Circuit Outage Rate of Transmission Line,
Figure 6 the influence of ground obliquity to the rate of
IEEE Trans. on PA&S, VoI.86, No.6, June, pp. 665-678,
shielding failure for 500kV double circuit transmission line 1967
[4] Northeast Electric Academe of Energy Sources
0 the influence of the height of tower to the rate of Ministry, Desi@ Handbook of Elecmc Power
shielding failure T. Engineering io High Voltage, Peking : Publishing
Fig 6 shows the result that the influence of the height of Company of Water Conservancy and Power System,
tower to the rate of shielding failure for 500kV double 1991
circuit transmission line, the probability of attrahent [5].Zhu Ruizhao. Handbook in Weather Appliance,
lightning will increase with the height of tower Beijing: Weather Publishing Company, 1991
increasing and then make the rate of shielding failure
increasing.

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