IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON THE MOOD OF YOUTH

(A Social Work Study on the Youth in the Halls of the University of Lucknow)

DESSERTATION

for the partial fulfillment of the degree of

Master of Social Work (MSW)

SUBMITTED BY
APOORVA
MSW (Regular) IV Semester
Roll No.180011605018

Under the Supervision of

Prof. R.K Singh

SUBMITTED TO
CAS Department of Social Work
University of Lucknow

Centre for Advanced Studies

Department of Social Work
University of Lucknow
Lucknow-226007
2018-2020

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 DECLARATION

hereby declare that, the dissertation " IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON THE MOOD OF
YOUTH " is being submitted by me for the fulfilment of the degree of Masters of Social work
under the department of Social Work, University of Lucknow, is benefited work and it embodies
the original contribution of mine and may be placed before examiners for evaluation

Date: 20/07/2020

APOORVA
M.S.W. Semester IV
University of Lucknow
Lucknow

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It gives the immense pleasure to submit my Dissertation for the Master in Social Work . I wish

to express my sincere gratitude to Dr .R .K. Singh, Department of Social Work , Faculty of Arts ,

University of Lucknow, Lucknow, for providing me an opportunity to do my research work on “

IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON THE MOOD OF YOUTH “ was fortunate to have Prof.

Raj Kumar Singh is my research guide . He encouraged me to explore various dimension of the

research methodology and enrich my knowledge to produce high quality work. He was available

to me, whenever needed for consultation, discussion and deliberation on the various aspects of my

research.

Submission of this Dissertation would not have been possible but for his constant support,

Cooperation and guidance.

I owe special thanks to my beloved entire family members for helping me in numerous ways like

manual support, strength and for everything during this research.

I am also thankful to my Teachers Prof . Raj Kumar Singh , Prof. D. K. Singh, Prof. A.K. Bhartiya,

Dr. Rupesh, Dr. Rakesh Dwivedi for their all type of consultation, and support during this research

. 1 am also thankful to my friends for helping advice, suggestions and a careful scrutiny of all draft

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My Profound gratitude to all the respondents of this study who spared their valuable time in sharing

required information pertaining to this research in all stages of Data collection.

I am indebted to other intellectuals, Academician, Scholars, professionals, and all large number of

faculty and students who came in my contact during the period of this research and directly or

indirectly made academic and intellectual contributions to enrich my Dissertation.

Above all, I would like to express my sincere thanks to all people I might have inadvertently missed

out and also those who helped in the journey and yet remained invisible in the background.

Date: 20/07/2020 APOORVA

Place: Lucknow MSW SEM -IV

UNIVERSITY OF LUCKNOW
LUCKNOW

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CHAPTERS
CHAPTER TITLE PAGE

Chapter 1 Introduction

Chapter 2 Review of literature

Chapter 3 Research Methodology

Chapter 4 Use of social media

Chapter 5 impact of social media: positive or negative

Chapter 6 Profile of the Respondents

Chapter 7 Data Analysis

Chapter 8. Conclusions and Recommendations

Annexure I Interview schedule

II References

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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

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INTRODUCTION
Social media refers to all applications and websites or blogs that enable people around the globe to interconnect
via the internet, chat, and share content, video call among many other functionalities it offers to its users. For a
person to be a member of any social media, he or she has to first signup and then sign in to access content and
be able to share and chat with other users of that social media platform. Some of the common and widely used
social media platforms include Facebook, Twitter, WhatsApp, Snapchat many among others.

Social networking phenomenon has emerged over the past ten to fifteen years and in that time,
social networking sites (SNS) have grown from a niche to a mass online activity, in which millions
of internet users are engaged, both in their l
ensure time, and at work. Today one of the most important and yet useful thing to generate
awareness and to get connected is social media. Social media is not just about using an application
but it has now changed the meaning of life also. It has become a part of our daily routine. In earlier
times one used to get up do brush and bath but now when one open eyes first thing what to search
for one’s phone, what for; to get updated no not just about politics or world news but life of other
people also and yes this update may result in a good starting or a bad depending upon it affects
one’s thinking. Over the past decade, social media have gained so much growth and fame
worldwide to an extent that many researchers are now interested in learning more about these
social platforms and their effects on the community. Despite the fact that almost everyone in the
community is connected to at least one social media platform, the youth and the teenagers are the
leading and most fanatic of these social platforms to the point that they even use social network
while in class or even in religious places. These social sites impact the lives of the youth in a
society to a great deal in terms of morals, behavior and even education-wise.
Research on traditional media has found that the representation of attractive people leading
exciting and idealized lives in media programs invites social comparison and contributes to
dissatisfaction with oneself. Similarly, with digital media, researchers have examined whether
exposure to social networking sites can influence depression and anxiety in adolescents through
technology-based negative social comparison, resulting in negative self-evaluation or anxiety
about evaluation by others. Although largely cross-sectional, associations have been observed
between the use of social networking sites and depression or anxiety symptoms in children and
adolescents. Could reading a cheerful or depressing post on Facebook influence your own mood?
Apparently so, according to a new study conducted by the social networking company.

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When Facebook removed positive posts from the news feeds of more than 680,000 users, those
users made fewer positive posts and more negative ones. Similarly, when negative posts were
removed, the opposite occurred.The findings provide experimental evidence that emotions can
be contagious, even without direct interaction or nonverbal cues, the researchers say.

In contrast, research with adults showed that using the Internet to communicate with friends and
family was linked with decreases in depression.
A growing body of research confirms the relationship between digital media and depression.
Anxiety and depression associated with technology are based on the negative social comparison
among the people. The anxiety result from lack of emotions regulation skills among the youth
which is due to excess of social media use, as people these days interact digitally rather than
meeting and interacting in person.People while interacting hide ltheir actual emotions and by using
smily indicate that they are doing well. It may be the case that they are actually unhappy because
of the same person they are talking to but they do not reflect it. This hiding of emotion affect the
mental health of a person as it is said that sharing your feeling is good for Reason behind hiding
the emotion is that people have trust issues they feared another person will take advantage of their
situation or don't understand their actual feeling and make joke of them. people Nowadays have
many friends but most in virtual space so they don't have same feeling as we feel for our close
ones. so we don't feel free to share our actual feelings with them which in turn make us stressed
and depressed we don't feel free to share what we feel for them because we have doubt that they
might leave us Facebook Instagram and other social media are do not believe in real life
experiences people post their pics only for the likes and comments other people who see such
photos and videos and if they have that same kind of opportunity to feel the same kind of thing
they don't feel any jealousy or lack of opportunity but if they don't have that same opportunities
they might feel jealous and she was get depressed because they can't feel that same thing and also
might generate hatred for that person and seeing such persons can destroy the whole mood of a
person so these things also impact our daily life if we put a photograph and we don't get a like or
comment on that but the other person who might have put a very bad photograph according to us
get more likes and he or she might be a good person of us it automatically creates negativity in our
mind we do not believe encouraging ourselves that these are only virtual things and doesn't matter
in real life but we we accept that social media virtual space as a real life and neglecting our actual
real life.

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Although there is evidence that greater electronic media use is associated with depressive
symptoms, there is also evidence that the social nature of digital communication may be harnessed
in some situations to improve mood and to promote health-enhancing strategies. Much more
research is needed to explore these possibilities.

Hampton found that active internet and social media users are 63% less likely to experience serious
psychological distress, associated with depression or other mood and anxiety disorders. When tiny
bits of information pop up on the cell phone and Facebook feed, that ongoing contact might matter
for things like mental health, according to Hampton.

Our sense and empathetic abilities allow us to be affected by other people – and it isn’t limited to
the real world.Facebook, in a move that could be described as post-Orwellian hipster, manipulated
the amount of positive and negative posts in users’ feeds to see if it would affect their later posts.
Needless to say, they ‘succeeded’, and found that seeing more negative posts was likely to
influence the emotional charge of your next post. This phenomenon is called emotional
contagion, defined as:

“Emotional states can be transferred to others via emotional contagion, leading people to
experience the same emotions without their awareness. Emotional contagion is well established in
laboratory experiments, with people transferring positive and negative emotions to others.”

Thus, the idea that emotional states can spread among people without their awareness, is known
as emotional contagion. A study done with the Facebook users probe that people who have seen
positive thoughts on news feed likely to be happy passionate encouraged than the people who have
negative thoughts in their news feed. Not only this the study also provide that people tend to share
or write positive and negative posts depending what's there in the news feed. And this is not a thing
known to that person it is an unaware act of the person.

Not all types of electronic media use would be expected to worsen depression. Because increases
in momentary positive affect may lower some people’s risk for depression, certain types of media
use that have this effect could be therapeutic. Media use that provides effective distraction, humor,
connection to peers, and a wide social network could serve to help adolescents avoid depression
and potentially reduce its impact on their functioning. Although emerging research seems to poin

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t to communication technology as contributing to depression through social comparison and other
means, not enough work has been completed examining if and how depressed young people turn
to this type of contact to help cope with negative affect. To date, there has not been a systematic
examination of how young people with depression use media to manage their affect and the
effectiveness of these behaviors. This type of work can help reveal the causal directions or
otherwise complex relationships between affective disorders and use of electronic media and
communication technologies.

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RATIONALE OF THE STUDY

 Need of the study- Researchers are increasingly concerned not only with how much time
children spend with the media in general, but also with how they apportion their exposure over
different sources and types of media. Furthermore, interest is growing in examining how the
experience with media exposure, content, and context has changed over the decades in response to
new media features and technologies as well as reflecting other social and economic trends. As an
increasingly pervasive and vibrant part of the social ecology of children and youth, media influences
have drawn the attention of parents, practitioners, and policy makers who seek to curb risky exposures
as well as to identify ways to promote positive media practices that can foster healthy development.
so the basic need behind the research is to work on how using social media reflects on daily mood
changes of the youth, which has now days become one of the major concern for the society hence it
become necessary to generate awareness among the youth about the use and its effects on their
psychic health which can even cause irreparable harm.
 Importance of the study- social media has now become an important part of our daily life so it
is important that we focus on the effect and impact of social media on our health. a very large
proportion of our population of the whole world is in is using social media these days mostly the
youth which do not understand the actual reason behind these applications and use it more than only
a source of entertainment in contrast the others understand the importance and use of these
applications are social media and use it in a limited manner so it is seen that they get affected less
than the youth. The research will reveal how using social media affects the mood and day to day
behavior of the youth which has become field of interest for the scientists also. The study will try to
get to effects and prevention for the same. As if it is harming the mind of youths it is a major concern
for country’s future. Youth being the gems for progress cannot left to suffer due to lack of knowledge
and unawareness about the facts.

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OPERATIVE DEFINITIONS

Social media is a collection of Internet-based communities that allow users to interact with each
other online .Social media refers to all the applications and websites or blogs that enable people
around the globe to interconnect via the internet, chat and share content, video call among many
otherfunctionalities it offers to its users. For the research purpose social media platforms will
include facebook, twitter, whatsapp, snapchat, and instagram.

For the purpose of this study

Youth means the students pursuing study in the University of Lucknow and residing in the halls of the
University.

Halls means the hostels of the University of Lucknow where students live during their study.

Mood is defined as a feeling, state or prolonged emotion that influences the whole of one's psychic
life. It can relate to passion or feeling; humor; as a melancholy mood or a suppliant mood.

Mood disorders force the person to experiences severe disturbances in mood and emotions.

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CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

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REVIEW OF LITERATURE

While many of us enjoy connecting on social media excessive use can fuels feelings of anxiety
depression isolation and former human beings are social creatures we need the companion of
others to thrive in life and the strength of our connections has a huge impact on our mental health
and happiness being socially connected to others can is stress anxiety and depression boost self-
worth provide comfort and joy prevent loneliness and even add years to your life. we say that
having strong social connections pose a serious risk to our mental health and emotional health but
in contrast it is seen that connection or using of social media and people over social media is
increasing the risk of getting mental health problems. in today's world men your face rely on social
media platforms such as Facebook Twitter Snapchat YouTube and Instagram to find and connect
with each other while each has its benefits it's important to remember that social media can never
be a replacement for real world human connection it requires in person contact with others to
trigger the hormones that elevate stress and make you feel happier healthier and more positive
ironically for a technology that's designed to bring people closer spending too much time in getting
social media can actually make you feel more lonely and isolated and exacerbate with mental
health problems such as anxiety and depression

According to the study published in the Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, there is in
fact a causal link between the use of social media and negative effects on well-being, primarily
depression and loneliness. social media sites seem to connect more people and make them stay up to date, it
leads to isolation socially according to a BBC News report. It reduces the number of face-to-face interactions
amongst the youths because they normally spend most of their time on these online social platforms. An
evaluation from a number of studies done by various scientists show that social isolation can cause a number of
effects such as physical, emotional, mental and psychological issues in these youths. This can in turn lead to
depression, anxiety and many other problems.

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In another study, Using social media for social comparison and feedback-seeking: gender and
popularity moderate associations with depressive symptoms adolescents completed
questionnaires at 2 time points regarding technology use (ie, cell phones, Facebook, and
Instagram) and indicators of social comparison; results indicated that technology-based social
comparison and feedback seeking were associated with depressive symptoms that exceeded
previous depressive symptom history.

Young people spend a lot of time on social media and this use of social platform make them more
susceptible to peer pressure, low self-esteem and mental ill-health. A number of studies have
found associations between increased social media use and depression, anxiety, sleep
problems, eating concerns, and suicide risk. Certain characteristics of social media may
contribute to these negative effects. A study done by the German universities with the heading 5
weird negative effects of social media on your brain found that one in three people felt worse
(lonely, frustrated or angry) after spending time on facebook and comparing themselves to friends.
it’s important to remember that social media can never be a replacement for real-world human
connection. It requires in-person contact with others to trigger the hormones that alleviate
stress and make you feel happier, healthier, and more positive. Ironically for a technology
that’s designed to bring people closer together, spending too much time engaging with social
media can actually make you feel more lonely and isolated—and exacerbate mental health
problems

Mood disorders increased in young adults across the past decade, with smaller and less consistent
trends observed in older adults, according to national survey data. there’s been a lot of headlines
about the worrying effect of social media on our mood and how it could make us more vulnerable
to stress and anxiety (more on this later), but this largely depends on how you use the platform. At
Michigan State University, a small study found that active participants on Facebook – those who
were responsive to comments and engaged with other users through a group – demonstrated an
increase in their wellbeing compared to more passive users

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Social Media Linked to Rise in Mental Health Disorders in Teens, survey find out that one of
the reason for the increase in depressive thoughts in the youth may be that digital media use has
had a bigger impact on teens and young adults than older adults who tend to have more stable
social lives because they start comparing their life with other and get impressed with their things
rather than living and maintaining their own life style and try to copy other peoples and not
understand that they are different and unique in their own way. social media is great for staying
connected with other people but it also create an image of oneself that might not necessarily match up to
reality. a rperson might scroll through facebook and Instagram feed jealously admiring holiday photos,
night-out selfies and other achievements and wonder why everyone else seems to be living such fascinating
and interesting lives apart from them.This can then make them feel as though thay’re missing out, as though
their life isn’t as satisfying as everyone else’s. Of course, this is nearly always not the case but, nevertheless,
a person will make the comparison and find themselves coming up short, affecting self-esteem and making
them feel more anxious.

Sherman, Lauren, et al, “The Power of the Like in Adolescence: Effects of Peer Influence
on Neural and Behavioral Responses to Social Media,” Psychological Science, May
(2016), Vol 27, Issue 7, recent meta-analysis of 131 studies highlighted that the young
generation is highly affected by this social media because they live more in this virtual world
than real world as a result adolescents become victim of cyber bullying and the adolescents
who experience cyberbullying are at increased risk for a wide range of mental and physical
health problems.

The majority of victims report negative feelings, such as embarrassment, worry, fear, depression,
or loneliness after cyberbullying events. A study the impact of social media on mental health-
managed healthcare executivefind that use of social media causes positive impact on the mind
of adults on the other hand it also comes up that it is adversely affecting the thinking and behavior
of the youth.It is most recommended that the people who are facing depression or such mood
deviations should stop using social media and interact more with the society in real than being
alone at home and scrolling down the posts of the other people. A 2018 University of
Pennsylvania study found that reducing social media use to 30 minutes a day resulted in a
significant reduction in levels of anxiety, depression, loneliness, sleep problems, and
FOMO.The same study concluded that just being more mindful of your social media use can

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have beneficial results on your mood and focus. One study out of the University of Pittsburgh,
found a correlation between time spent scrolling through social media apps and negative body
image feedback. Those who had spent more time on social media had 2.2 times the risk of reporting
eating and body image concerns, compared to their peers who spent less time on social media. And
another small study of teens ages 13-18 from the UCLA Brain Mapping Center found that
receiving a high number of likes on photos showed increased activity in the reward center of the
brain. Further, teens are influenced to like photos, regardless of content, based on high numbers of
likes.

The Duke University analysis showed that those who get involved on social media – posting
photos, joining in discussions and adding comments, for example – are likely to get more
positives from it.
Meanwhile, those who ‘lurk’ – looking at other people’s posts but never commenting or posting
any of their own – are at risk of feeling isolated and comparing their lives to others unfavourably.
Your personality counts, too. Psychological research has shown getting a lot of ‘likes’ can help
you feel supported, but if you have low self-esteem, negative comments or a low number of likes
can bring you down. If your self-esteem is better, you’re less likely to be affected either way by
likes and comments.

The main motive of the social media was to make people get in touch and share information and
do easy communication. It was a thing to be used for relaxing one’s mind after a heavy day. But
the impact it is causing is decrease in mental health and lower life expectancy of the people which
was never expected. Where a study find that use of social media causes positive impact on the
mind of adults on the other hand it also comes up that it is adversely affecting the thinking and
behavior of the youth.

McAfee’s Tweens, Teens & Technology Report 2014 was conducted through a survey
administered across Indian online tweens aged 8-12 years old and teens aged 13-17 years old;
comprising 711 male and 711 female respondents from Mumbai, Delhi, Chennai, Bangalore,
Hyderabad, Ahmedabad and Pune.This report points out dangerous trends and statistics among the
Indian youth which should help to take the necessary steps by teachers and parents.

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Necessary dose of internet usage70% of online youth in India spend more than 5 hours on the
internet in a normal week. Internet access is still predominantly desktop based (41%), however,
36% use laptops and 27% use smartphone India’s youth are constantly connected, In terms of
social networking platforms, Facebook is by far the most popular site used (93%), followed by
YouTube (87%) and WhatsApp (79%). o 10-12 year old social account users report higher daily
access to Snapchat, Pinterest,Tinder, Tumblr, and Vine than their teen counterparts, even though
the minimum age to register to these social networking sites is 13 years. Two-thirds (66%) of
youth in India say they feel more accepted on social media than they do in real life. 72%
feel important or popular when they receive a lot of “likes” on the photos posted of
themself on social media.

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USE OF SOCIAL MEDIA

Social media users have grown by more than 10 percent over the past year, taking the global
total to 3.96 billion by the start of July 2020.

The extensive use of Social Networking in India has been on the rise among the new generation
youths. In today’s world, life cannot be imagined without Facebook, YouTube, Instagram,
WhatsApp, LinkedIn or Twitter accounts and online handles. The new age social networking
culture has been well accepted and has met an enthusiastic response and acceptance. There are
reports of cultural changes and in the way traditional interactions and social communications are
conducted in India

We all need the face-to-face company of others to be happy and healthy. At its best, social media
is a great tool for facilitating real-life connections. For most of us social media has become a part
of our day to- day-routine and some figures suggest that we spend as much as 6 hours a week on

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these apps. All that time spent scrolling is bound to have some kind of impact on our mental
health. The number of positive or negative posts people saw in their feeds was manipulated and
found to influence the content of users' subsequent posts. The use of social media has both negative
and positive impacts on our youths today

Survey done by TCS GenY shows following resuLt about use of social media-

US research found social media use could ease depression when it’s used to stay in touch with
people, while a study from the University of South Florida on the over-50s found using the internet
to connect with friends and family could actually strengthen social bonds, rather than lead to
isolation

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But if you’ve allowed virtual connections to replace real-life friendships in your life, there are
plenty of ways to build meaningful connections without relying on social media. social media is
far from inherently bad, rather it’s how we choose to use it that matters. The simple truth is that
most of us are using social media far too much – it’s estimated that some people are on social
media for longer than they spend in bed at night – around 6-8 hours a day! Of course, if social
media is part of job this is inescapable, but for the rest of us if we really want to get the most out
of social media, less could in fact be more.

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IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA: POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE

At present Social Media is a part of life for most of the Indian youth. The usage of the Internet is
now heavily shifted to Social Media Sites. Undoubtedly Social Media has its own merits, but
excessive use of Social Media is affecting the lifestyle of youth moreover, statistics show that
addiction to social media resulted in increased health problem .

The youth is not experienced as an adult-hands get influenced by the virtual space rather
understanding the real use and work of social media youth do not live in the real life but for them
virtual life is the real life. Even though they knew what they seeing are things that might not be
true because they themselves do the same thing but still get affected by posts shared by the other
people. Main reason behind existence of social media is to connect people who are apart it allows
people to express answers before others it along to share their part and opening on any particular
thing. Society constitute both good and bad people who shared positive and negative towards
according to their own consensus. some people make jokes and expect good vibes by others do
exact opposite they believe in spending hatred so it is up on the person who is viewing, they should
not pay attention and remember that it is how other people look at a thing and is definitely not the
reality.Jokes make us happy we forward them to others and make others is smile same thing is
with the rumors and negative thoughts, they not only ruin present moment but also affect our whole
day. People share their life moments over social media because they cannot contact everyone to
tell how they are feeling so they post such pictures with thoughts or quotes to reflect their
happiness. Getting depressed or jealous upon such things is not appropriate way of living every
person has its own unique style of living and is unique in its own way. life of a person is according
to the situation and circumstances and good and bad are only parts of life. So person need to focus
on their own life and try to maintain what they have rather expecting what others have. social
media have both positive and negative impact on persons mental health and negative impact is
long lasting and more drastic a person need to differentiate between real and virtual life and in any
case they feel that social media is impacting their mental health in any manner one must limit the
use of social media. One Serbian study found the more time high school students spent on social
networking sites, the more likely they were to experience depressive symptoms. And researchers
from the University of Pittsburgh found the more different platforms people use, the higher their
risk of mental health issues.

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Social media use can also promote loneliness and isolation, according to a 2017 review by Duke
University.We often use sites like Facebook for ‘social snacking’, which gives the illusion of
connection, but does not fulfil us in the same way as real-life social interactions.

social media is a place which is used for information and awareness it on the other hand also
become place for Cyber crime. Cyber crime now days has become one of the major concern the
social security of a person most of the youth report the cases of cyber bullying. Social media also
provides a good platform where cyber theft and bullying is done and this increases the chances
and incidences of identity theft. This has a number of risks to the youths as their personal
information can get stolen since it is stored in some locations they do not know about or whose
security is in not known or is questionable. On social media we connect with known and unknown
people which in many cases result in cyber crimes. Cyber crimes include sexual harassment cases,
money transfer cases and other such kind of frauds which not only affect the mental health,as
usually we do not share what happened to us with the fear that what others will think of us and we
kept on thinking about that same person aur incident which result in depression or anxiety
disorders. Usually cases of messages from unknown persons with unpleasant photographs or bad
comments from unknown person are seen. Also, it exposes young teens say below eighteen years
to online predators who get to woo them into sexual acts such as lesbianism and other general
sexual misconducts. It also exposes these teens to pornographic content being spread in some the
social groups online. This in turn leads to early pregnancies amongst young girls causing them to
drop out of school. It also can lead to contraction of sexually transmitted diseases such as HIV and
this can lead to early deaths of our young generation. The morals of these teens is also tampered
with as they now get access to immoral literature and videos. Two- thirds (66%) of youth in India
have had some experience with cyber-bullying. o 36% of youth having been cyberbullied
themselves People using social media not only to connect with other people but in many cases to
take revenge or harass the other person leading to to change in mood or mental health issues to the
victim so it is recommended that a person should use social media with utmost care and in a
responsible way.

The main cause why people get involved in the social media is remoteness with family members
,no proper interaction and sharing of thought with people beside us and searching for happiness on
the social media sites. People now days feel safe to share their feelings with the person far away

23
from us then sharing things with friends family and other person who are our loved ones and
which is not a good habit. This is not always leads to to severe consequences but many times it
has been seen that this interaction with unknown people result in wrong consequences. There are
some cases where social media has also proved to be effective insaving person from depression.
in certain cases it has been found that people who are living apart also help each other during their
tough times and prevented them from any mental or mood disorder. like a person living in a hostel
Or a pg away from home, for job ab or studies aur the preparing for any competitive exam he or
she might Feel over exhausted and stressed at that time if a person talk to their loved ones on video
call or if they share some good quotes their family for pics at the moment they spent together the
mood changes. and in case of family members if they saw that their loved ones were living apart
are doing well by looking at their posts share they feel satisfied that they are having a good time

as human is a social animal he need society for survival but it in such busy time people don't find
time to interact with each other in these cases social media proves effective a person coming home
fully exhausted can relax by looking at the messages of the person they actually want to talk make
them feel happy and relaxed the hole tension stress somehow blows off. it has been found that If
people are in bad mood and talk to the person, they love talking to their mood certainly changes
and social media plays an important role in this interaction of people nowadays. People who
watch videos for good posts feel happy and relaxed but it also cannot be denied that if a person is
coming home in a good manner the harsh messages for negative quotes can also changes the mode
of a person in a different wayAnd unknowingly a person start act behaving in harsh way so so it is
to be kept in mind that social media effect us in both good and bad ways.

The positive impacts of social media on the youth today include making them up date on the events
happening around the globe and also enables them network and stay connected with their fellow
youths and friends without physical meetings. It bridges the gap between friends since a person
say in Africa can network and interact with his or her friend in the United States. This in turn helps
in strengthening relationships say amongst classmates in high school or college, who after
finishing school, moved to different locations around the world. Additionally, youths can create
pages and groups in the social media platforms based on their professions, faith among other
dimensions of their lives and this leads to more connections being built and more opportunities
being opened for their respective disciplines. This can even lead to more employment opportunities
being created for the unemployed youths. From the many interviews carried daily, youths say that

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social media platforms make their lives enjoyable, efficient and easier and has also become their
lifestyle.

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 CHAPTER 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

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Research methodology

Research Methodology is a primary need of any research and plays a pivotal role in it. It is a blue
print of a research. Hence planning of a research work in advance is done to carry out this research
work systematically. Research is an inseparable part of human knowledge. Its role in human life
is as precious as that of salt in a vegetable. Life would lose its taste without research exactly in the
same manner as a vegetable without salt. Modern academics just cannot stand and meet the
aspirations of a matured society, if it does not provide for research and investigation.

Robert Burns (2003) describes it as, “a systematic investigation to find solution to a problem.”
Redman and Mory define research as, “a systematized effort to gain new knowledge.”

According to Clifford Woody “Research comprises defining and redefining problems, formulating
hypothesis or suggested solutions; collecting, organizing and evaluating data; making deductions
and reaching conclusions; and at last carefully testing the conclusions to determine whether they
fit the formulating hypothesis.

Research is, thus, an original contribution to the exiting stock of knowledge making for its
advancement. It is the pursuit of truth with the help of study, observation, comparison and
experiment. In short, the search for knowledge through objective and systematic method of finding
solution to a problem is research.

According to Black and Champion (1976), the research methodology could include:

Selecting the population for the study

Sampling plan to be followed for the selection of sample

The size of sample to be studied

Kind of tools and techniques for data collection (questionnaire, interview

27
 schedule, observation, analysis of secondary sources, and so on) Statistical analys to be
used (if any)

The type of tabular presentation (e.g. graphs, tables, charts, figures etc)
In the present study also, the researcher has made a systematic study of the problem chosen and
tried to establish a cause and effect relationship to find feasible solutions to the problem. In this
chapter the objectives of the study and the hypothesis to be tested have been illustrated. Also, the
researcher has presented the research design, the sampling method and the sources, tools and
methods of data collection used in the study. The research design applied to this study includes
systematic and scientific implementation and presentation of investigation. The researcher has also
enlisted the significance of processing and analysis of data in the scientific study and highlighted
the process of processing and analysis of data which have been used in her research work

Significance of Research

“All progress is born of inquiry. Doubt is often better than over confidence, for it leads to inquiry,
and inquiry leads to invention” is a famous Hudson Maxim in context of which the significance of
research can well be understood. Increased amounts of research make progress possible. Research
inculcates scientific

and inductive thinking and it promotes the development of logical habits of thinking and
organization. Put quite simply, research is important because it keeps us from making incorrect
decisions or behaving in ways that are nonproductive. The researcher avoids the waste of time,
money and efforts. Research in management is basically meant for a specific purpose; and that is
why management researches are by and large, result oriented .Research provides an analytical
framework for the subject matter of investigation. It establishes the relationship between the
different variables, especially the relationship of the dependent variables with the independent
variable. The cause effect relationship between different variables can also be identified, leading
to valuable observations, generalizations and conclusions

28
Research Design

A researcher design is a systematic approach that a researcher uses to conduct a scientific study. It
is the overall synchronization of identified components and idea resulting in a plausible outcomes.
To conclusively come up with an authentic and accurate result.

In this research researcher is going use the descriptive cum Diagnosis Design to conduct the
scientific study and get a result outcome through the study

Descriptive research is a study designed to depict the participants in an accurate way. More simple
put, descriptive research is all describing people who take part

in study. There are three ways a researcher can go about doing a descriptive research projects, as
follows:

Observational, defined as a method of viewing and recoding the participants. Case study,
defined as an in- depth study of an individual or group of individual or group of individuals
survey, defined as a brief interview or discussion with an individual. about a specific topic.

29
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY- the general objective of the study is to find out the impact of
social media on the mood of the youth. The specific objectives are as under:

 To prepare the profile of the respondents

 To study the use of social media by the youth
 To study the impact of social media on the youth
 To study the awareness about the cause and effect of social media on the mental health
of the youth
 To study the level of severity in mood disorders
 To prepare conclusion and suggestions.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design
The use of Experimental Research Design will be done for conducting present research work. This
type of research design is a kind of a blueprint of the procedure that enables the researcher to test his
hypothesis by reaching valid conclusions about relationships between independent and dependent
variables. It refers to the conceptual framework within which the experiment is conducted.
Hypothesis
The hypothesis developed for the purpose of the study is, "There is a significant impact (positive
and/or negative) of social media on the mood of youth".
Universe
The universe consists of all survey elements that qualify for inclusion in the research study. For the
purpose of this research the youth studying and residing in the halls the University of Lucknow will
be the universe.

30
 Sampling

A sampling is a part of the total population. It can be an individul element or a group of elements
selected from the population. Although it is a subject, it is representative of the population and
suitable for research in terms of cost, convenience and time

Types of Sampling: Sampling Methods

Any research study requires two essential types of sampling. They are:
Probability Sampling: It is a sampling method that selects random members of a population by
setting a few selection criteria. These selection parameters allow every member to have the equal
opportunities to be a part of various samples.

Non-probability Sampling: It is a sampling method is reliant on researcher’s ability to select

members at random. This sampling method is not a fixed or pre- defined selection process which
makes it difficult for all elements of a population to have equal opportunities to be included in a
sample.

31
Types of Sampling: Probability Sampling Methods

Probability Sampling is a sampling technique in which sample from a larger population are chosen
using a method based on the theory of probability. This sampling method considers every member
of the population and forms samples on the basis of a fixed process. There are four types of
probability sampling technique:

Simple Random Sampling

One of the best probability sampling techniques that helps in saving time and resources, is the
Simple Random Sampling method. It is a trustworthy method of obtaining information where
every single member of a population is chosen randomly, merely by chance and each individual
has the exact same probability of being chosen to be a part of a sample.
Cluster Sampling
Cluster Sampling is a method where the researchers divide the entire population into sections or
clusters that represent a population. Clusters are identified and included in a sample on the basis
of defining demographic parameters such as age, location, sex etc. which makes it extremely
easy for a survey creator to derive effective inference from the feedback.

Systematic Sampling
Using systematic sampling method, members of a sample are chosen at regular intervals of a
population. It requires selection of a starting point for the sample and sample size that can be
repeated at regular intervals. This type of sampling method has a predefined interval and hence
this sampling technique is the least time-consuming.

32
Stratified Random Sampling
Stratified Random Sampling is a method where the population can be divided into smaller groups,
that don’t overlap but represent the entire population together. While sampling, these groups can
be organized and then draw a sample from each group separately.

Types of Sampling: Non-probability Sampling Methods

The non-probability method is a sampling method that involves a collection of feedback on the
basis of a researcher or statistician’s sample selection capabilities and not on a fixed selection
process. In most situations, output of a survey conducted with a nonprobable sample leads to
skewed results, which may not totally represent the desired target population. But, there are
situations such as the preliminary stages of research or where there are cost constraints for
conducting research, where non-probability sampling will be much more effective than the other
type. There are four types of non-probability sampling which will explain the purpose of this
sampling method in a better manner

Convenience sampling
This method is dependent on the ease of access to subjects
such as surveying customers at a mall or passers-by on a busy street. It is usually termed as
convenience sampling, as it’s carried out on the basis of how easy is it for a researcher to get in
touch with the subjects. Researchers have nearly no authority over selecting elements of the sample
and it’s purely done on the basis of proximity and not representativeness. This non-probability
sampling method is used when there are time and cost limitations in collecting feedback. In
situations

33
where there are resource limitations such as the initial stages of research, convenience sampling is
used.

Judgmental or Purposive Sampling:

In judgmental or purposive sampling, the sample is formed by the discretion of the judge purely
considering the purpose of study along with the understanding of target audience. Also known as
deliberate sampling, the participants are selected solely on the basis of research requirements and
elements that do not suffice the purpose are kept out of the sample. For instance, when researchers
want to understand the thought process of people who are interested in studying for their master’s
degree. The selection criteria will be: “Are you interested in studying for Masters in …?” and those
who respond with a “No” will be excluded from the sample

Snowball sampling
Snowball sampling is a sampling method that is used in studies
which need to be carried out to understand subjects which are difficult to trace. For example, it
will be extremely challenging to survey shelter less people or illegal immigrants. In such cases,
using the snowball theory, researchers can track a few of that particular category to interview and
results will be derived on that basis.

34
Quota sampling
In Quota sampling, selection of members in this sampling
technique happens on basis of a pre-set standard. In this case, as a sample is formed on basis of
specific attributes, the created sample will have the same attributes that are found in the total
population. It is an extremely quick method of collecting samples.

Sampling is the statistical process of selecting a subset (called a "sample") of a population of interest
for purposes of making observations and statistical inferences about that population. Social sciences
research is generally about inferring patterns of behaviors within specific populations. The inmates of
the halls of the University of Lucknow selected as respondents will be the sample for the purpose of
study.

Sampling Type

A specific population is considered for the purpose of the study from where the data for the stud can be
collected and is known as universe and out of which certain respondents are taken as a sample that
represents the universe. For the purpose of this research Simple Random Sampling will be used, by
following due process.

Area of Study

University of Lucknow located in the city of Nawabs, the capital city of the Uttar Pradesh State will be
the area for the research.

Tools of Data Collection

For gathering required information, interview schedule will be used as a tool. The interview schedule
will have set of questions which will help the researcher to get the relevant answers and details for the
research and help testing the hypothesis made and evaluate the data to reach the conclusion.

Types of data

Both type of data: Primary as well as secondary data will be used by the researcher for research purpose.
The data collected by the researcher will form primary data. The secondary data will be collected as per
requirement from relevant literature available in different forms like books, magazines, journals, reports,
etc.

35
Analysis and Interpretation of Data

The collected data will be processed and arranged and converted into tabulation form and then analyzed
and interpreted to facilitate the research work to reach to the certain the conclusions.

Report Writing

The collected and analyzed information will be presented in the form of a research report written in a
narrative style containing the detailed description of the research work done by the student.

36
CHAPTER 4

CONCLUSIONS

3
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

The use of social media is very popular and for a lot of young people it has become daily routine. While
using the Internet young people are exposed to the content which affects their attitudes.

while virtual interaction on social media doesn't have the same psychological benefits as face-to-face
contact there are still many positive ways in which it can help a person to stay connected and support
well being social media enables a person to communicate and stay up to date with the family and friends
around the world it also allows us to find new friends and communities and networks with the people
who share same interest and ambitions it had to join or promote worthwhile causes raise awareness on
important issues sikar offer emotional support during tough times, find vital social connection even if a
person live in remote areas comma find an outlet for a person's creativity and self expression, discover
the sources of valuable information and learning. Along with the positive impacts social media also have
certain negative aspects since it is relatively new technology there is a little research establish the long-
term consequences either good or bad of the use of social media however multiple studies have found a
strong link between having social media and increased risk for depression and anxiety loneliness self
harm and even suicidal thoughts Social media may promote negative experiences such as inadequacy
about life or appearance even if a person knew that the images that they are viewing on social media
are manipulated they can still make a person feel insecure about how they look or what's going on in
their own life.FOMO (fear of missing out), social media sites such as Facebook and Instagram seen to
exacerbate feelings that others are having more fun or living better life. the idea that we are missing out
on certain things can impact of a self-esteem trigger anxiety and feel even better social media use for
mocha Impala person to pick up a phone every few minutes to check update parking possibly respond
to eat tentatively alert even if it mean that taking this while you are driving missing out on sleep at night
appetizing social media interaction over real world relationships. Isolation use the Facebook snapchat
on Instagram increases rather decreases feeling of loneliness. Reducing social media use can actually
make feel less lonely and isolated and improve overall well-being. Depression and anxiety human
beings need face to face contact women play healthy nothing to do says he's chest and boost mode faster
automotive actively tonight I contacted someone who cares about you the motor person that I social

4
media interaction forward in person relationships the mall Dr at this for developing mood disorder circus
anxiety and depression, cyberbullying about 10% of the teen Abella kadam Babus support being bullied
on social media and many other uses subjected to offensive comments social media be advantageous
Twitter can be hotspot for Spreading for rumors, lies, and abuses that and leave lasting emotional scars.
Self-absorption sharing endless selfies and inner most thought over social media can create an unhealthy
sales centeredness and distance a person from real life connections It is most recommended that the
people who are facing depression or such mood deviations should stop using social media and interact
more with the society in real than being alone at home and scrolling down the posts of the other people.

Social networking has been proved to have both positive and negative effects on our youths. Individuals
should make a conclusion whether to go on using the sites or stop or even moderate on their usage.
Parents should guide and advise their children on current matters like the usage of social media and warn
them of its negative impacts to them when misused or overused. The education curriculum also should
be revised so that it can include social media studies in its disciplines so as to alert students that they
need to be careful in their social media usage. the unit is not experience as an adult and get infamous by
the version is based rather understanding the real use and vodka social media you do not live in real life
but for them virtual life is real.

Three tips for better social networking

1. Use social media to support real-life socializing
Facebook can be an easy way to send an invitation to a group of friends, while apps such
as Meetup help you to find like-minded people for activities in your area.
2. . Cocoon yourself when you’re feeling low
There are times it may be best to stay off social media – seeing lots of Mother’s Day
posts can be difficult if you’ve recently lost your mum,
3. Remember you’re not always seeing reality
Many of us only post our ‘best bits’ and the lives you see online are unlikely to be as
perfect as they may seem.

5
QUESTIONNARE

6
CONFIDENTIAL S.No.........

DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

UNIVERASITY OF LUCKMOW, LUCKNOW

INTERVIEW SCHEDULE FOR THE TOPIC

IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON THE MOOD OF YOUTH

SECTION-A

GENERAL PROFILE OF RESPONDENTS

1. NAME OF THE RESPONDENT

2. AGE OF THE RESPONDENT
3. GENDER OF THE RESPONDENT
a) Male
b) Female
c) other
4. RELIGION OF THE RESPONDENT
A) Hindu
B) Muslim
C) Christianity
D) others
5. CASTE OF THE RESPONDENT
A) General
B) OBC
C) SC/ST

7
 D) Others
6. MARITAL STATUS OF THE RESPONDENT
7. EDUCATIONAL STATUS OF THE RESPONDENT
8. NAME OF COLLEGE
9. COURSE PURASUING
10. NAME OF THE HOSTEL
11. ADDRESS
12. CITY
13. STATE
14.TYPES OF THE FAMILY-
A) NUCLEAR FAMILY
B) JOINT FAMILY

15.FAMILY INFORMATION

S.No Name of family member Relation with Age occupation Annual

respondent income

16. ARE YOU A MEMBER OF ANY ONLINE COMMITTEE-

i) Yes
ii) No

8
 SECTION B

USE OF SOCIAL MEDIA BY YOUTH

1) What do you understand by social media?

2) Do you use social media?
a. Yes
b. No
3) How easy do you find social media to use?
4) Which platform do you prefer the most?
5) Do you feel using other platforms even though you are actively using
one?
6) How many social media platforms are you currently active on?
7) How frequently are you active on social media?
8) How long do you spent on social media during as typical day?
9) Why do you use social media?
a. Keep up with the news
b. To feel the sense of belonging
c. Contact and connect with friends and family
d. Interact with new people
e. Organize events
f. Sharing posts
g. Raise awareness
h. Others (specify)
10) What are the personal benefits of using social media?
a. Help with studies
b. Staying connected with people
c. Learn new skills
d. Entertainment
e. Sharing common interests
f. Digital reputation

9
 g. others
11) Do you visit social media with no specific goal in your mind?
12) Have you ignored any college work or household chaos because of
social media?
13) Dose social media simplifies your life or complicates?
(a) If it simplifies, why? ..........
(b) If it complicates, then how? ...................
14) Where do you use social media?
a. Study
b. Eating
c. Gatherings
d. Washroom
e. At public places
f. Others
15) Is social media the first and the last thing you look out for in the
morning and night respectively?
(a) Yes
(b) No
16) Have you ever said no to your family or friends for an activity
because of social media?
17) Do you believe the information posted on social media is reliable and
trustworthy?
18) Do you check for the authority of the links forwarded over social
media?
19) Do you forward social media links to other groups?
20) What type of content do you prefer and forward over social media?

10
 SECTION- C
IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON YOUTH
1. Do things over social media impact your life?
2. Do fights over social media about any topic with any friend affect real life
friendship also?
3. Do you have to listen for the posts of your friends and family members?
4. If there is anything in trend do you get curious about the same?
5. Do you try to find out why that hashtag is in trend or just follow because
everyone is doing the same?
6. Do you feel out of trend or neglected if you don’t have knowledge about it?
7. Do you get involved in the discussion over social media?
8. Do you judge person’s character based on their social media posts?
9. When two people share same post, do you consider them of same
mentality?
10. If you don’t like or comment the post of your friend does, they fight with
you?
11. Do you think that your peers will achieve better results if social media is
integrated into lessons?
12. Are you usually surprised by how much time you spend on a social media?
13.Are you concerned that social media can have a negative effect on your
learning experience?

11
 SECTION- D
AWARENESS ABOUT CAUSE AND AFFECT ON THE MENTAL
HEALTH OF YOUTH
1) Do you think using social media is affecting your overall well being?
2) Do you feel it is an addiction to you?
3) If yes, are you taking any steps to control it?
(1) Yes
(2) No
4) If yes, how affective they are?
5) If no, why are you not taking any steps to control it?
6) Does like and share on your social media platforms affect your mood?
7) Does social media post of others cause your mood changes?
8) Does comment on your posts affect your mood?
9) Does posts on your social media, you receive changes your mood?
10) Does media post bring changes in thinking pattern?
11) Do you prefer to interact with people on social media rather than real life
12) Do you have more friends on your social account than you do in real life

12
SECTION- E

LEVEL OF SEVIORITY IN MOOD DISORDERS

1. Do you become frustrated or angry when as social media
goes down
2. What do you believe are the disadvantages of using social
media?
a. cyber bullying
b. headache- eye problem
c. less social interaction
d. time consuming
e. sexting
f. unrealistic expectations
g. negative feelings/emotions
h. digital reputation
i. others
3. What emotions do you experience while using social media?
a. Rejection
b. Happiness
c. Boost your self esteem
d. Jealousy
e. Motivation
f. Inspiration
g. Fear of missing out
h. Lower self esteem
i. Sense of belonging
j. others

How do these emotions impact on your overall wellbeing?

a. Affect ability to relate with others

b. Gives a positive outlook
c. Heightens anxiety

13
 d. Give confidence
e. Give the feeling of socials and emotional isolation
f. Inspirational and motivational
g. Feels like emotions are controlling thoughts
h. May lead to other mental health issues
4. How do you feel when you are without social media for long
time?
a. Anxious, depressed, lonely, feels like something is
missing out
b. Feels like missing out things but it is not as big deal
c. It doesn’t affect in any way
5. Have ever been subjected to cyber bullying while on social
medias/
a. All the time
b. Rarely
c. Sometimes
d. Never

6. Do you feel like number of likes you get on photos or posts

makes you feel better?
a. Yeas
b. Little bit
c. Not at all
7. Do you ever get jealous of other peoples seemingly
extravagant lives on social media?
a. All the time
b. sometimes
c. Not really
8. Do you feel social media has more positive or negative affect?
a. Positive
b. negative
9. Do you think that social media has affected your life
positively or negatively?
a. More positively, as it helps stay connected with family and
friends and keep me updated about world events

14
b. More negatively, spent too much time comparing my life
to others and feel lonely without social media
c. Both positively and negativel

15
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