Joint movement and function

Functional Anatomy
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Shoulder (Glenohumeral) motion

Shoulder movement Average range
Flexion 180°
Extension 60°
Horizontal flexion 135°
Horizontal extension 45°

Glenoid fossa

Joint movement and function

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Shoulder (Glenohumeral) motion

Shoulder movement Average range
Flexion 180°
Extension 60°
Horizontal flexion 135°
Horizontal extension 45°
Abduction 180°
Adduction 75°
Internal rotation 90° Glenoid fossa
External rotation 90°
Combination of all other
Circumduction
movements
Joint movement and function
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Shoulder girdle motion

Acromio-clavicular joint Sterno-clavicular joint

Shoulder girdle
Average range
movement
Elevation 30 – 40°
Depression 5°
Scapula
Protraction 20°
Retraction 10°

Joint movement and function

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Hip motion
Ilium
Hip movement Average range
Flexion 70 – 140°
Extension 4 – 15°
Abduction 30 – 40°
Adduction 20°

Ischium

Joint movement and function

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Hip motion
Ilium
Hip movement Average range
Flexion 70 – 140°
Extension 4 – 15°
Abduction 30 – 40°
Adduction 20°
Internal rotation 70°
External rotation 90°
Combination of all other
Circumduction
movements
Ischium

Joint movement and function

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Knee motion

Quadriceps angle

Males: 10-14°
Knee movement Average range Females: 15-17°
Flexion 120 – 145°
Hyper-extension 10°

Joint movement and function

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Knee motion

Quadriceps angle

Males: 10-14°
Knee movement Average range Females: 15-17°
Flexion 120 – 145°
Hyper-extension 10°
Internal rotation 30°
External rotation 45°

NB. Rotation of the knee only occurs during flexion and

extension and will not occur when knee is locked out

Joint movement and function