Scattering 

is a term used in physics to describe a wide range of physical

processes where moving particles or radiation of some form, such as light or
sound, is forced to deviate from a straight trajectory by localized non-
uniformities (including particles and radiation) in the medium through which
they pass.

Scattering, in physics, a change in the direction of motion of a particle

because of a collision with another particle. As defined in physics, a
collision can occur between particles that repel one another, such as two
positive (or negative) ions, and need not involve direct physical contact of the
particles.

Reflection is when light bounces off an object. If the surface is smooth and
shiny, like glass, water or polished metal, the light will reflect at the same
angle as it hit the surface. This is called specular reflection. ... Most of the
things we see are because light from a source has reflected off it.

Total internal reflection, in physics, complete reflection of a ray of light

within a medium such as water or glass from the surrounding surfaces back
into the medium. The phenomenon occurs if the angle of incidence is greater
than a certain limiting angle, called the critical angle.
Refraction, in physics, the change in direction of a wave passing from one medium to
another caused by its change in speed. 

1. critical angle
2. the angle of incidence beyond which rays of light passing through a denser medium
to the surface of a less dense medium are no longer refracted but totally reflected.

Snell's law states that the ratio of the sines of the angles of incidence and refraction is
equivalent to the ratio of phase velocities in the two media, or equivalent to the reciprocal of
the ratio of the indices of refraction: