Axia College Material

Appendix J

Identifying Anatomical Structures Ch. 8, 9, & 10

Complete activities I, II, & III.

I. Use the diagrams on pp. 420-421 to complete sections B, C, & D.

B. D. Figure 8-20
1 Glenoid fossa 1 Tibia
2 Humerus 2 calcaneus
3 Medial epicondyle 3 Tarsal bones
4 Radius 4 Metatarsal bones
5 Ulna 5 phalanges
6 Carpal bones
7 Metacarpal bones
8 Phalanges
C. Figure 8-19
1. Tibia
2. Medial malleolus
3. Femur
4. Patella
5. Fibula
6. Lateral malleolus

II. Use the diagrams on pp 478-479 to complete sections A & B.

A. B.
1 Abduction and extension 1 Frontails muscle
2 Slight flexion 2 Temporalis muscle
3 Flexion and abduction 3 Masseter muscle
4 Rotation 4 Sternocleidomastoid muscle
5 flexion 5 Trapezius muscle
6 Deltoid muscle
7 Triceps brachii muscle
8 Biceps brachii muscle

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Determine the primary function of the following system components.
Structure
1 Sternocleidomastoid muscle
2 Trapezius muscle
3 Pectoralis major muscle
4 Deltoid muscle
5 Biceps brachii muscle
6 Rectus femoris muscle
7 Tibialis anterior muscle
8 Gastrocnemius muscle
9 Brachioradialis muscle
10 Latissimus dorsi muscle
11 Gluteus maximus muscle
12 Gastrocnemius muscle
13 Tibialis anterior muscle
14 Peroneus longus muscle
15 Pectoralis major muscle
16 Rectus abdominis muscle
17 Rectus femoris muscle
Function- What is the type of muscle movement involved
with each muscle?
Muscle in the neck that bends the head toward the
sternum (flexion) and turns the head to either side. It
origin is at two muscle heads on the sternum and clavicle.
Its insertion is at the mastoid process of the temporal
bone.
Muscle of the shoulder that raises the shoulder, pulls the
shoulder blades together, and elevates the clavicle. Turns
the head from side to side(rotation).moves the head
posteriorly( extension)
Muscle of the chest that moves the arm anteriorly and
medially across the chest(adduction)
Muscle in the shoulder that raises and lowers the arm
and moves the arm away from the body
Muscle of the upper arm that bends the upper arm toward
the shoulder (flexion) and bends the lower arm towards
the upper arm (flexion). One end is divided into two
heads.
Muscle of the abdomen that bends the upper body
forward (flexion) and compresses the anterior abdominal
wall.
muscle in the lower leg that bends the foot up toward
(dorsiflexion)
Muscle in the lower leg that bends the food
downward( plantar flexion)
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III. Use the diagrams on pp. 531-532 to complete sections A, B, & C.

A. C.
1 Frontal lobe 1 Cerebrum
2 Parietal lobe 2 Corpus callosum
3 Cerebrum 3 Midbrain
4 Occipital lobe 4 cerebellum
5 Cerebellum 5 Fourth ventricle
6 Temporal lobe 6 Medulla oblongata
B. 7 Pons
1 Cranium 8 Hypothalamus
2 Dura mater 9 Thalamus
3 Arachnoid 10 Lateral ventricle
4 Subarachnoid space 11 Gyrus
5 Pia mater 12 sulcus
6 Gray matter of the cerebrum (cortex)
7 White matter of the cerebrum

Determine the primary function of the following system components.

Structure Function- What is the purpose of the body part?

1 Dura mater
2 Pia mater
3 Cerebellum
4 Corpus callosum
5 Frontal lobe
6 Medulla oblongata
7 Pons
8 Occipital lobe
9 Parietal lobe
Tough, outermost layer of the meninges. The Dura mater lies
just beneath the bones of the cranium and within the foramen
of each vertebrate.
Thin, delicate innermost layer of the meninges. It covers the
surface of the brain and contains many small blood vessels.
Small, rounded structure that is the most posterior part of the
brain. It monitors muscle tone and position and coordinates
new muscle movements.
Thick white band of nerves that connects the two hemispheres
of the cerebrum and allows them to communicate and
coordinate their activities.
Lobe of the cerebrum that predicts future events and
consequences. Exerts conscious control over the skeletal
muscles. Contains the gustatory cortex for the sense of taste.
Most inferior part of the brainstem that joins to the spinal cord.
It relays nerve impulses from the cerebrum to the cerebellum.
It contains the respiratory center. Cranial nerves IX through XII
originate there.
Area of the brainstem that relays nerve impulses from the
body to the cerebellum and back to the body. Area where
nerve tracts cross from one side of the body and relay nerve
impulses to the opposite side of the cerebrum. Cranial nerves
V through VIII originate there.
Lobe of the cerebrum that receives and analyzes sensory
information of the eyes. Contains the visual cortex for the
sense of sight.
Lobe of the cerebrum that receives and analyzes sensory

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 information about temperature, touch, pressure, vibration, and
pain from the skin and internal organs.
Lobe of the cerebrum that receives and analyzes sensory
information. Contains the auditory cortex for the sense of
10 Temporal lobe hearing and the olfactory cortex for the sense of smell.

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