HUMAN BODY 1.

22 bones in the SKULL

2. OSSICLE of the middle ear
 Adapts to varying intensities and types of 3. Hyroid bone
physical activity with EFFICIENCY AMD 4. Rib cage
EFFECTIVENESS 5. Sternum and vertical column
 Specialized systems for body support,  Bones including the vertebrae, sacrum,
protection and movement, regulation of body coccyx, ribs, and sternum
activities, supply and distribution of nutrients  Upright posture of human is maintained by
and removal of waste material the axial
System are comprised of organs, composed of tissues  Transmit weight from the head, the trunk,
and was made up of CELLS upper extremities and lower at the hip joints
 Bones at the spine are supported by the
 Cells are basic structure and functional units ligament
of life  ERECTOR SPINE--- supporting and useful for
 1 trillion of cells, and each has specific balance
functions
 They carry messages to muscle cells which APPENDICULAR SKELETON
cause movement and blood cells, carry
 126 bones formed by pectoral girdle, upper
nutrients to working muscles and remove
limbs, pelvic girdle/pelvis, and the lower
waste tissues
limbs
SKELETAL and the MUSCULAR system are the basic  Functions to make LOCOMOTIONS and
movement team and cardio respiratory and protect major organs of digestion, excretion
cardiovascular system as the transformers and users and reproduction
of energy for movement 1. Shoulder girdle
2. Arm
SKELETAL SYSTEM 3. Hand
4. Pelvic girdle
 Internal framework of the human body
5. Leg
 270 bones at birth become 206 in the
6. Foot
adulthood
 Bone mass reaches maximum at the age of 21 SUB PARTS OF THE BONE
 They are divided into AXIAL and
APPENDICULAR Axial skeleton comprising the spine, chest and head=
contains 80 bones
AXIAL= formed by the vertebral column, rib cage, skull
and associated bones Appendicular comprising arms and legs, shoulder and
pelvis=126 bones
APPENDICULAR= attached to the axial, formed by
shoulder girdle, pelvic girdle, upper and lower limbs There are 206 bones

THE AXIAL A. THE SPINE ( VERTEBRAL COLUMN)

 Full grown adult has 26 bones whole 34 for
 Consist of the bones of the head and trink the child
vertebrate  7 bones of cervical vertebrae
 86 bones  12 bones of thoracic vertebrae
 Composed of 6 parts  5 bone of the lumbar vertebrae
  5 bones of sacrum (fused as 1 after  Carpal
adolescence)  2 scaphoid
 4 bones of coccyx (fused after adolescence)  2 lunate
 2 triquetral
B. HEAD  2 pisiform
 22 bones in the skull  2 trapezium
 The whole head contains 28 bones  2 trapezoid
 2 capitate
HEAD
 2 hamate
 8 cranial bones  10 metacarpals ( 5 each side)
 Occipital bone
PHALANGES ON HAND
 2 Parietal bones
 Frontal bones  10 proximal phalanges
 2 Temporal bones  8 intermediate phalanges
 Sphenoid bones (sometimes counted in facial)
 Ethmoid bone (sometimes counted in facial) 60 bones in the legs

FACIAL BONES  2 femur

 2 pattelaor kneecap
 2 nasal  2 tibia
 2 maxillae  2 fibula
 2 lacrimal  52 on the foot
 2 Zygomatic  Tarsus/tarsals
 2 palatine  2 Calcaneusor heel bone
 2 inferior nasal  2 talus
 1 vomer  2 navicular
 1 mandible  2 medial Cuneiform
 2 intermediate cuneiform
MIDDLE EAR
 2 lateral cuneiform
 2 Malleus  2 cuboid
 2 incus  10 metatarsals
 2 stapes  Phalanges
 10 proximal phalanges
64 bones in the arm  8 intermediate phalanges
 10 distal phalanges
UPPER BONES ( 6 bones 3 on each side)

 2 humerus
 Pectoral girdle (2 scapula and 2 clavicles)

LOWER ARM BONES (4 bones and 2 each)

 2 Ulna
 2 radius

HAND ( 54 BONES 27 EACH HAND)