PPE

1) 16. A steam boiler produces 3 kg/s at 70 bar,

500oC from water at 70 bar, 120oC. The boiler
10. In a two stage reheat cycle, the thermal burns 17 m3/min of natural gas with a heating
efficiency is 44%. The work output of the high value of 38 MJ/m3. What is the thermal efficiency
pressure and low pressure turbines are 770 kW of the boiler?
and 550 kW, respectively. The two reheater At 70 bar, 500oC
provide a total of 1100 kW. The pump work is 20 h = 3410.3 kJ/kg
kW. If the boiler heat transfer is 3300 kW, what At 70 bar, 120oC h=
is the work output of the intermediate pressure 508.2 kJ/kg
turbine? A. 78% B. 81% C. 84%
A. 600 kW B. 610 kW C. 636 kW D. 87%
D. 656 kW
17. A sample of coal was tested and found
11. A steam cycle wherein the steam to have an ultimate analysis of 78% carbon, 4%
produced is used for both power generation and hydrogen, 3% oxygen, 6% sulfur, and 9% ash.
process heating What is the approximate higher heating value of
A. reheat cycle B. dual cycle C. this coal?
cogeneration cycle D. regenerative cycle A. 14 600 Btu/lb
C. 13 100 Btu/lb
12. In a boiler system, 1000 kW of power is used B. 13 900 Btu/lb
to produce steam. The system generates 350 D. 12 600 Btu/lb
kW of power to supply the plant with electricity
and also provide 300 kW of heat for heating and 18. A coal containing 6% hydrogen by mass has
drying applications. What is the plant utilization a higher heating value of 32,000 kJ/kg. What is
factor? its lower heating value?
A. 0.65 B. 1.54 C. 1.85 A. 30,681 kJ/kg B. 29,885 kJ/kg
D. 2.20 C. 28,520 kJ/kg D. 26,625 kJ/kg

13. Additional energy transfer to the working 19. In the combustion of methane (CH4) in air,
substance that can be achieved by either the products of combustion leave at a pressure
returning the substance to the boiler or using a of 100 kPaa. If perfect combustion is assumed,
separate heat source what will be the expected partial pressure of the
A. reheating water vapor in the products?
C. regenerative heating A. 25 kPa B. 36 kPa C. 19 kPa
B. feedwater heating D. 12 kPa
D. none of the above
20. Amount of energy of a natural gas equal to
14. A reheat-regenerative cycle has 3 stages of 29.3 kWh
reheating and 2 stages of feedwater heating in
open heaters. What is the minimum number of A. therm B. btu C. erg
pressure lines for this system? D. dyne
A. 3 B. 4
C. 5 D. 6 21. In the complete combustion of C6H14 in
150% theoretical air, how many kg of CO2 will be
15. A steam condenser receives 8 kg/s of produced when 5 kg of fuel is burned?
saturated steam at 40oC. What is the heat A. 22.88 kg B. 19.62 kg
transfer in the condenser? C. 15.35 kg D. 10.78 kg
A. 19,265 kW B. 24,314 kW
C. 26,178 kW D. 29,112 kW
22. What is the actual air to fuel ratio when 32. An industrial furnace needs an actual
C4H10 is completely burned in 10% excess air? draft of 2.5 cm water. The frictional losses in the
A. 14 B. 15 stack are 15% of the theoretical draft. The flue
C. 16 D. 17 gas temperature is 200oC with an average
molecular weight of 30. The outside air is at
23. Which of the following is the heating value of 22oC and the barometer reads 755 mm Hg. How
carbon in Btu/Ibm? high will the flue gas rise?
A. 16,200 B. 14,540 A. 51.6 m B. 40.8 m C. 36.7 m
C. 12,230 D. 10,880 D. 69.8 m

24. A fuel contains 88% carbon, 8% hydrogen, 33. Flue gas at 250oC exits thru a 1.2 m
1% sulfur, and 3 % ash. If this fuel is burned in diameter stack at a velocity of 7.2 m/s. If the
air, what is the ideal air-to-fuel ratio? properties of the flue gas is approximately
A. 13 B. 14 equivalent to air, what is the mass flow rate of
C. 15 D. 16 the flue gas?
A. 5.5 kg/s B. 6.5 kg/s C. 8.5 kg/s
25. A certain fuel requires 3.5 kg of theoretical D. 10 kg/s
oxygen for every kilogram burned. What is the
theoretical air-to fuel ratio of this fuel? 34. The pressure due to the difference in density
A. 15.2 B. 13.5 between gases inside and outside a vertical
C. 11.7 D. 10.4 duct is called
A. stack effect B. velocity effect C.
26. If the draft is greater than the atmospheric osmotic effect D. diffusion effect
pressure it is called
A. gage draft B. plenum draft C. vacuum 35. An engine having a compression ratio of 8
draft D. natural draft operates on the air standard Otto cycle. Using
the hot air standard efficiency, what is the
27. An industrial plant consumes 1.2 kg/s of thermal efficiency of this engine?
coal burned with an air-to-fuel ratio of 16. If the A. 56.5% B. 46.4%
coal has an ash content of 10%, what is the C. 40.5% D. 38.1%
mass flow rate of flue gas through the stacks?
A. 16.9 kg/s B. 17.1 kg/s C. 20.3 kg/s 36. A diesel engine operating under a constant
D. 25.5 kg/s load uses 4 barrels of crude oil per 24 hour day
(1 barrel = 152.4 kg). The heating value of the oil
28. Mechanical draft is introduced in a draft is 44 175 kJ/kg. The mechanical efficiency is
system by the use of 73% and the brake thermal efficiency is 29%.
A. heat exchangers B. nozzles C. fans and What is the brake power developed by the
blowers D.diffusers engine?
A. 66 kW B. 84 kW
29. How high will the smoke rise if it produces D. 90 kW D. 105 kW
20 m of flue gas of theoretical draft. The average
temperature of the flue gas is 200oC. For Nos. 37 - 39
A. 30 m B. 40 m C. 50 m An Otto cycle has a compression ratio of
D. 60 m 9 with a heat input of 500 kJ/kg. At start of
compression, P = 100 kPa and T = 40oC.
30. A stack is used to discharge 5 kg/s of flue Take cv = 0.718 kJ/kg-K and k = 1.4.
gas at an average temperature of 180oC. For a
design velocity of 8 m/s, what is the diameter of 37. What is the maximum cycle
the stack? temperature?
A. 2.5 m B. 2.0 m C. 1.5 m A. 1275 K B. 1450 K
D. 1.0 m C. 1565 K D. 1620 K
38. What is the maximum pressure?
31. A stack is to develop 1.2 cm water of A. 6.45 MPa B. 5.20 MPa
positive draft to discharge flue gas at an average C. 4.17 MPa D. 3.22 MPa
temperature of 250oC. Outside air is at 27oC and
100 kPa. What is the height of the chimney? 39. What is the net work per kg of air?
A. 35 m B. 30 m C. 25 m A. 415 kJ/kg B. 388 kJ/kg
D. 20 m C. 322 kJ/kg D293 kJ/kg
For Nos. 40 – 42
An engine using the Diesel cycle has a Area of indicator card, Ad
compression ratio of 20 and a cut-off ratio of 2. 300 mm2
At start of compression, P = 100 kPa and T = Length of indicator card diagram, L
15oC. Take cp = 1.005 kJ/kg-K and k = 1.4. 60 mm
Pressure scale, k
40. What is the thermal efficiency? 80 kPa/mm
A. 54.2% B. 58.6%
C. 64.7% D. 66.9% 47. What is the brake power of the engine?
A. 17.65 kW B. 20.94 kW
41. What is the maximum temperature in C. 23.48 kW D. 28.85 kW
the cycle?
A. 1909 K B. 2122 K 48. What is the energy released from the
C. 2452 K D. 2665 K combustion of fuel?
A. 84 kW B. 80 kW
42. What is the heat input per kg of air? C. 76 kW D. 72 kW
A. 866.1 kJ/kg B. 905.4 kJ/kg
C. 959.3 kJ/kg D. 988.8 kJ/kg 49. What is the indicated mean effective
pressure?
For Nos. 43 – 45 A. 320 kPa B. 360 kPa
A gas turbine draws in 7 kg/s of air from C. 400 kPa D. 480 kPa
the atmosphere at 1 bar and 15oC. The
combustion chamber pressure and temperature 50. What is the indicated power?
are 9 bar and 850oC, respectively. A. 19.42 kW B. 22.68 kW
C. 24.12 kW D. 26.18 kW
43. What is the thermal efficiency of the cycle?
A. 40.8% B. 46.7%
C. 51.2% D. 55.6%

44. What is the exhaust temperature?

A. 410 K B. 435 K
C. 526 K D. 599 K

45. What is the net power output?

A. 1.9 MW B. 2.2 MW
C. 2.5 MW D. 2.9 MW

46. An engine consumes 0.01573 kg/s of air.

The air-to-fuel ratio is 12. The heating value of
the fuel is 46 MJ/kg. What is the energy
available from the fuel?
A. 55.6 kW B. 60.3 kW
C. 66.4 kW D. 72.1 kW

For Nos. 47 – 50
A 100 mm x 100 mm, 4 cylinder, 4
stroke engine gave the following results on a
test bed:
Shaft speed, N
2500 rpm
Torque arm, R
0.4 m
Net brake load, F
0.2 kN
Fuel consumption, m f
0.002 kg/s
Lower heating value, LHV
42 MJ/kg
 A 373 KW (500 HP) internal combustion engine
has a brake mean effective pressure of 551.5
Kpa at full load. What is the friction power if the
2) mechanical efficiency is 85%?
88.23 hp
Ooo 97.33 hp
56.34 hp
76.23 hp
Boilers
The rated boiler horsepower of a fire tube boiler Fans and Blowers
is 500 Hp. What is the heating surface area of A fan whose static efficiency is 40% has a
the boiler? capacity of 60,000 ft3/hr at 60°F and barometer
500 m2 of 30 in Hg and gives a static pressure of 2 in of
300 m2 water column on full delivery. What size of
400 m2 electric motor shoul be used to drive the fan?
550 m2
½ Hp c. 2 Hp
The heating suface area of water tube boiler is 1 Hp d. 1 ½ Hp
200 m2, what is the equivalent rated boiler
horsepower? A fan draws 1.42 m3 per second of air at a static
217 Hp pressure of 2.54 cm of water through a duct 300
2365.93 Hp mm diameter and discharges it through a duct of
200 Hp 275 mm diameter. Determine the static fan
219.78 Hp efficiency if total fan mechanical is 70% and air
is measured at 25°C and 760 mmHg.

Diesel 50.11% c.65.67%

Determine the friction power of an engine if the 54. 34% d. 45.34%
frictional torque developed is 0.3 KN-m running
at 1200 rpm. The volume flow of air delivered by fan is 20
40.6 KW m3/sec and 180 mm water gage. The density of
37.7 KW air is 1.185 kg/m3 and the motor power needed
36.5 KW to drive the fan is 44 kW. What is the fan
50.3 KW efficiency?

What is the power developed in the cylinder if 70.26% c. 75.26%

indicated thermal efficiency is 44%, then the 80.26% d. 90.26%
engine uses 0.05 kg/sec fuel with heating value
of 44000 KJ/Kg? A 50 kW motor is used to drive a fan that has a
1000 KW total head of 110 m. if fan efficiency is 70%,
775 KW what is the maximum capacity of the fan using
968 KW standard density of air?
588 KW
27 m3/sec c. 31 m3/sec
Determine the indicated mean effective pressure 29 m3/sec d. 33 m3/sec
of an engine in psi having a brake mean
effective pressure of 750 kpa and 80% A boiler requires 90,000 m 3/hr of standard air.
mechanical efficiency. The mechanical efficiency of fan to be installed
136 psi is 65%. Determine the size of driving motor
137 psi assuming fan can deliver a total pressure of 150
138 psi mm of water gage.
140 psi
56.6 kW c. 45.5 kW
An engine generator rated 9000 KVA at 80% 78.5 kW d. 23.5 kW
power factor, 3 phase, 4160V has an efficiency
of 90. If overall plant efficiency is 25%, what is
the heat generated by the fuel.
18 880 KW
28800 KW
7500 KW
20000 KW
Fuels and Combustion
A boiler burns fuel oil with 15 % excess air. The
fuel oil may be represented by C14H30. Calculate
the molal air fuel ratio.

14 c. 102.34
117.69 d. 17.14

A diesel power plant uses fuel that has a density

of 892.74 kg/m3 at 15.67 °C. Find the heating
value of fuel.

44,900 kJ/kg c. 43,000 kJ/kg

19,301 Btu/lb d. 4356.2 kJ/kg

A certain coal has the following ultimate

analysis:
C= 69% N2 = 5%
H2 = 2.5 % S = 7% Moisture = 8%
O2 = 3.5% Ash = 5%
Determine the heating value of fuel used.
26,961.45 kJ/kg c. 25,002.4 kJ/kg
45,256 kJ/kg d. 26,000 kJ/kg

A steam generator burns fuel oil with 20%

excess air. The fuel oil may be represented by
C14H30. The fuel gas leaves the preheater at
0.31 Mpa. Determine the actual air-fuel ratio in
kg air per kg fuel.

17.89 c. 12.34
15.67 d. 19.45

A diesel power plant consumes 650 liters of fuel

at 26 °C in 24 hours with 28 °API. Find the fuel
rate in kg/hr.

23.83 c. 22.85
24.85 d. 26.85