1.

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Internet of Things

‘Internet of Things’ (IOT) refers to the embedded devices that

are connected to the internet, sharing data.

AAdvantages of IOT

Efficienct use of energy - Electric Devices are connected and

communicate with a controller resulting in efficient use of electricity.

Easy Data Access - Information is easily accessible, even if we

are far away from our actual location and can be updated frequently.

Minimization of Human Effort - IOT Devices can perform tasks

without the need for human intevention more effectively.

Disadvantages of IOT

Dependency on Internet - The IOT Devices rely heavily on the

internet and are unable to function effectively without it.

Shrinking of Job Vaccancy - Workers are at high risk of losing

their jobs, leading to unemployment. IOT Devices are replacing security
guards, dry-cleaning services etc.

Complexity - It is very difficult to plan, build, manage, and

enable a broad technology to IOT framework.

Security Risks - Even without the active participation on the

user, the IoT system provides substantial personal data in maximum detail
1.2 Literature Survey

1.2.1 Bluetooth based home lighting system using cell phones

The Bluetooth connection is established between Arduino BT board

and phone for wireless communication. In this system the python script is used and it
can install on any of the Symbian OS environment, it is portable.

1.2..2 IoT Based Home Automation Using Raspberry PI

This paper proposes the arrangement of Internet of Things (IoT) based

home automation structure using Raspberry pi. Starting at now in day todays life we
can scarcely find a house without a home automation structure. This endeavor is
wanted to build up a home motorization structure

1.2.4 Smart Home Automation System Using Arduino and Wi-fi

This paper gives an insignificant exertion fruitful and versatile home

control and checking structure with the guide of an organized littler scale web server
with web show (IP) accessibility for access and to control of equipment and
contraptions remotely using Android-based.

1.2.3 Raspberry Pi Home Automation Using Android Application

The endeavor introduces a negligible exertion and versatile home

control and watching structure using a Raspberry PI module and a Static Relay, with
web accessibility for getting to and controlling devices and mechanical assemblies
remotely using Smartphone android application.
1.2.5 Home automation using Android ADK

This paper depends upon Android and Arduino platform. Including

motion sensors for safety systems will detect an unauthorized action and it will
automatically notice the user through cell phone.

1.2.6 Shrewd home computerization: Gsm

Sharp home automation has pulled in light of a real worry for the
investigation arrange in the midst of the latest decade, at a mind boggling way. Home
security structures involve a continually making investigation field. A security system
for smart home robotization is also proposed.

1.2.7 Wireless Home Lighting system using IoT

The paper proposes that Automation System can be accessed from the
web browser of any local PC using server IP. The server controls and monitors the
various sensors, and can be easily configured to handle more hardware interface
modules. Wi-Fi technology is selected to be the network infrastructure that connects
server and the sensors.

1.2.8 Light automation using RF module

This paper accomplish that, a RF remote is combined to the

microcontroller on transmitter side that sends ON/OFF signals to the receiver where
devices are connected. By operating the stated remote switch on the transmitter, the
lights can be turned ON/OFF globally using wireless technology.
1.2.9 Cloud Based home automation System

This paper focus to build the web services using cloud which is need
for security and storage and availability of the data. The current system is cost efficient,
reliable and comfortable which also gives a secured home automation system.

1.2.10 Zigbee based home automation system using cell phones

Zigbee controller sent messages to the end. The safety and security of
all messages that are received by the virtual home algorithm. To reduce the expense
of the system and the intrusiveness of respective installation of the system Zigbee
communication is helpful.

S.
System Controller Communication Merits
No

1. Bluetooth based
Secured and Low
home lighting system Arduino Bluetooth
cost
using cell phones

2. IoT Based Home High Performance,

Automation Using Rasperry pi Bluetooth, GSM energy  consumption

Raspberry PI reduced.

Smart Home
3.
Automation System Arduino Low cost,
Wi-Fi
Using Arduino and Secure,Remotely

Wi-fi controlled
S.
No System Controller Communication Merits

4. Raspberry Pi Home Rasperry Pi Ethernet Autonomous, and

Automation Using Quite scalable
Android Application

5.
Home automation Arduino Micro Web Feasibility and
using Android ADK Server Effectiveness

6. Shrewd home 32-bit ARM Simplicity

GSM
computerization: Gsm mic.controller

7. Wireless Home Low power

NodeMCU
Lighting system using Wi-Fi consumption and
IoT cost efficiency.

Effectively manage
8. Light automation A r d u i n o
Wi-Fi, IR computational
using RF module mega
smart devices

Cloud Based home Cloud based data

Router Convenience, safety
9.
automation System server and Power saving

10. Zigbee based home Smart socket

Wired X10 and En ergy-efficient
automation system
Wireless Zig bee and Highly scalable
using cell phones
2. Problem Analysis

2.1 Problem definition

Occassionly when we are leaving the room in a hurry, there is a chance

that we forget to switch off the lights in the room or sometims we feel tired to approach
the distant switch. We may not even consider it when we are busy doing our chores.

A significant amount of power is wasted when lights are left turned

on unknowingly while leaving the room. It may cause delay in our daily routine
when attempting to come back to turn off the light switch. Hence, this may result in
wastage of time and power.

To develop consistent and flexible android mobile application which

helps the user to operate the lights remotely and also track the state of light just by
one click.

2.2 Existing System

In the modern age the life is going to be faster and faster everyone
wants to save time, money and energy. The Electric Lighting System has became an
essential component in our day-to-day life. This system has to be manually operated
from the physical location of the system exists. The switches cannot be controlled
from anywhere other than the physical location provided for the system or the power
source. So it is not possible to manage all the lights when we are away from it. And It
is also noticed that this system requires each of the switches for each of the
corresponding lights to be operated individually. But, there is no efficiency in saving
the power. Wastage of Power will occur if the bulbs are kept on when not in use.
Overuse of this system may also cause a drastic change in our expenses.
2.3 Proposed System

The user is able to operate the lights through the android application
and thus the drawbacks can be overcomed. The user sets the state of light in the app
and this data is stored and processed in the Firebase, a realtime database. The Android
app sends the serial data 1 or 0 to the Firebase database. The Firebase database interacts
with Wi-Fi and NodeMCU and this NodeMCU acts on the basis of data received
from Firebase Database. If NodeMCU receives serial data 1, it turns on the light, and
if NodeMCU receives serial input 0 then it turns off the light. The user is able to
monitor and control the states of each light with his mobile device. The proposed
lighting system aims to minimize the wastage of energy in a considerable scale while
satisfying the visual comfort of the occupants. The proposed work also improves
energy utilization in existing buildings.

2.4 Modules

2.4.1 Node MCU

NodeMCU is an open source Lua based firmware for the ESP8266

WiFi SOC. The Board has 128 KB RAM and 4MB of Flash memory to store data and
programs. Its high processing power with in-built Wi-Fi / Bluetooth and Deep Sleep
Operating features make it ideal for IoT projects.