Practice Makes Perfect!

Pra kt is

5
Form

Chemistry
Kimia
SPM
KSSM Intensive Topical Practices
SPM-Oriented Questions
Hong Boon Liang (Guru Cemerlang Kimia) HOTS Practices
Wong Kee Ping (Guru Cemerlang Kimia)
Law Hui Nong (Guru Cemerlang Kimia) Complete Answers
Francisca Lau (Guru Cemerlang Kimia)

Based on the Latest

Format Pentaksiran SPM 2021
 CONTENTS

PRACT
ICE Redox Equilibrium 1
1 Keseimbangan Redoks
HOTS Practices

PRACT
ICE Carbon Compound 15
2 Sebatian Karbon
HOTS Practices

PRACT
ICE Thermochemistry 29
3 Termokimia
HOTS Practices

PRACT
ICE Polymer 45
4 Polimer
HOTS Practices

PRACT
ICE Consumer and Industrial Chemistry 56
5 Kimia Konsumer dan Industri
HOTS Practices

SPM Model Paper –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 73

Answers –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– A1 – A20

PRACT
ICE Carbon Compound
2 Sebatian Karbon

PAPER 1
TEXTBOOK
pg. 62 – 112

A Alkane 7. Diagram 2 shows the structural

Types of Carbon
2.1 Alkana formula of compound T.
Compound
Jenis-jenis Sebatian Karbon
B Alkene Rajah 2 menunjukkan formula
Alkena struktur bagi sebatian T.
C Alcohol H H
1. Which substance is an Alkohol & &
unsaturated hydrocarbon? D Carboxylic acid H!C"C!C!H
Bahan manakah ialah hidrokarbon &
Asid karboksilik
tak tepu? H
H!C!H
A Propane 4. Organic compound Q has the &
Propana following properties. H
B Propanol Sebatian organik Q mempunyai Diagram 2 / Rajah 2
Propanol sifat-sifat berikut.
What is the percentage of
C Propene
Propena  Colourless liquid carbon by mass in compound T?
Cecair tidak bewarna [Relative atomic mass: H = 1,
2. Which compound is a saturated  Insoluble in water C = 12]
hydrocarbon? Tak larut dalam air Berapakah peratus jisim karbon
dalam sebatian T?
Sebatian manakah ialah  Has a sweet smell [Jisim atom relatif: H = 1, C = 12]
hidrokarbon tepu? Mempunyai bau yang wangi
A Propene A 20.69%
Propena Which substance could be Q ? B 21.42%
Bahan manakah yang mungkin
B Propane bagi Q?
C 82.79%
Propana
A Ethanol D 85.71%
C Chloropropane Etanol
Kloropropana 8. What is the general formula
B Ethanoic acid
Asid etanoik of an alkene?
Apakah formula am bagi alkena?
2.2 Homologous Series C Ethyl ethanoate
Etil etanoat
A CnH2n+2
Siri Homolog
B CnH2n
5. What is the general formula C CnH2n+1OH
3. Diagram 1 shows the organic of an alkane? D CnH2n+1COOH
Apakah formula am bagi alkana?
compound.
Rajah 1 menunjukkan sebatian A CnH2n 9. Which compound is an alkene?
organik. B CnH2n+2 Sebatian manakah ialah alkena?
H CH3 H C CnH2n+1 A CH3CHCH3CH3
& & & D CnHn+2 B CH3CH2CH2CH3
H!C!C!C!H C CH2CHCH2CH2CH3
& & & 6. What is the functional group
H H H D CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3
of carboxylic acid?
Diagram 1 / Rajah 1 Apakah kumpulan berfungsi bagi 10. What is the functional group
asid karboksilik?
Which of the following is the of an alcohol?
A –OH Apakah kumpulan berfungsi bagi
homologous series of the B –C=C– satu alkohol?
compound? C –COO– A –COOH C –C=C–
Antara berikut, yang manakah siri D –COOH
homolog bagi sebatian ini?
B –COO– D –OH

17 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

  Chemistry  Form 5  Practice 2 Carbon Compound

Chemical Properties 13. Diagram 4 shows the structural berasid

2.3 and Interconversion of formulae of compound T and III Bromine water
Compounds between compound U. Air bromin
Homologous Series Rajah 4 menunjukkan formula IV Chlorine water
Sifat Kimia dan Saling struktur bagi sebatian T dan Air klorin
Pertukaran Sebatian antara sebatian U. A I and II C III and IV
Siri Homolog I dan II III dan IV
H H H H H O
& & & & & ' B II and III D I and IV
11. Bromine water is added into H!C!C!C!OH H!C!C!C!OH II dan III I dan IV
& & & & &
solution X and the H H H H H
15. Butene can be transformed to
mixture is shaken. The
Compound T Compound U butane by the process of
colour of bromine water Compound T Compound U Butena boleh ditukar kepada
is decolourised. What is butana melalui proses
the molecular formula Diagram 4 / Rajah 4
A fermentation.
of compound contains in Which reagent can be used to penapaian.
solution X? differentiate compound T and B oxidation.
Air bromin ditambah ke dalam compound U? pengoksidaan.
larutan X dan campuran tersebut Reagen manakah yang boleh C dehydration.
digoncang. Warna air bromin digunakan untuk membezakan pendehidratan.
dilunturkan. sebatian T dan sebatian U?
Apakah formula molekul bagi
D hydrogenation.
A Sodium hydroxide solution penghidrogenan.
sebatian yang terdapat dalam Larutan natrium hidroksida
larutan X?
B Bromin water 16. Diagram 5 shows process X.
A C4H10 Air bromin Rajah 5 menunjukkan proses X.
B C5H10 C Magnesium H H
C C2H5OH Magnesium & &
n !C"C
D CH3COOH D Potassium manganate(VII) &
H
solution
12. Diagram 3 shows the structural Larutan kalium manganat(VII) Process X
formula of a carbon compound. Proses X
Rajah 3 menunjukkan formula 14. The number of road accidents
struktur bagi satu sebatian karbon. HOTS caused by misuse of alcohol is
H H H H H H
& & & & & &
H O H H H increasing. The police always ! C!C!C!C!C!C!
& & & & & &
& ' & & & carry out road blocks to test F H F H F H n
H!C!C!O!C!C!C!H
& & & & the presence of alcohol in the Diagram 5 / Rajah 5
H H H H air exhaled by the road users What is process X?
using a device containing Apakah proses X?
Diagram 3 / Rajah 3
substance X. A Esterification
Which substances are used to Suggest substance X? Pengesteran
produce the compound? Jumlah kemalangan jalan raya B Polymerisation
Bahan manakah yang digunakan disebabkan oleh penyalahgunaan Pempolimeran
untuk menghasilkan sebatian alkohol semakin meningkat.
tersebut? Pihak polis sering menjalankan
C Hydrogenation
Penghidrogenan
A Butanol and ethanoic acid sekatan jalan raya untuk
Butanol dan asid etanoik menguji kehadiran alkohol dalam D Oxidation
hembusan nafas pengguna jalan Pengoksidaan
B Ethanol and propanoic raya dengan menggunakan suatu
acid alat yang mengandungi bahan X. 17. Diagram 6 shows the structural
Etanol dan asid propanoik Cadangkan bahan X? formula of a carbon compound.
C Propanol and ethanoic acid I Acidified potassium Rajah 6 menunjukkan formula
Propanol dan asid etanoik manganate(VII) solution struktur bagi satu sebatian karbon.
D Propanol and methanoic Larutan kalium manganat(VII) H H O H
acid berasid & & ' &
Propanol dan asid metanoik II Acidified potassium H!C!C!C!O!C!H
& & &
dichromate (VI) solution H H H
Larutan kalium dikromat(VI)

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 18

 Chemistry  Form 5  Practice 2 Carbon Compound 

Diagram 6 / Rajah 6 19. Diagram 8 shows two processes involving compound W.

HOTS Rajah 8 menunjukkan dua proses yang melibatkan sebatian W.
Which substances are used to
prepare the compound? Compound U Compound V
Bahan-bahan manakah yang Sebatian U Sebatian V
digunakan untuk menyediakan
sebatian itu?
 Decolourises brown  Has carboxyl
A Ethanoic acid and methanol colour of bromine group
Asid etanoik dan metanol water Process I Process II Mempunyai
Melunturkan warna Proses I Proses II kumpulan karboksil
B Propanoic acid and methanol
Asid propanoik dan metanol
perang air bromin
Compound W  Turns blue litmus
 Undergoes Sebatian W paper red
C Ethanoic acid and ethanol
Asid etanoik dan etanol combustion to Menukarkan kertas
produce carbon litmus biru kepada
D Propanoic acid and ethanol merah
Asid propanoik dan etanol dioxide and water
Mengalami  Produces a vinegar
18. Based in Diagram 7, why does pembakaran untuk smell
menghasilkan karbon Menghasilkan bau
the combustion flame of dioksida dan air cuka
hexene, C6H12 produce more
Diagram 8 / Rajah 8
soot than hexane, C6H14?
Berdasarkan Rajah 7, mengapakah Which structural formula represents compound W?
nyalaan pembakaran heksena, Formula struktur manakah yang mewakili sebatian W?
C6H12 menghasilkan lebih banyak A C H O
jelaga berbanding heksana,C6H14? H H & '
& & H!C!C!OH
Filter paper
Kertas turas
H!C"C!H &
H

B H H D H H H
& & & & &
H!C!C!OH H!C!C!C!OH
Evaporating & &
dish & & &
H H H H H
Hexane Mangkuk Hexene
Heksana penyejat Heksena
Diagram 7 / Rajah 7
20. Which of the following is the correct apparatus set-up for the
A The percentage of carbon
preparation of an ester?
by volume of hexene is Antara yang berikut, yang manakah susunan radas yang betul untuk
higher than hexane. penyediaan ester?
Peratus karbon per isi
A C
padu heksena lebih tinggi
Water in Water out
berbanding heksana. Air masuk
Water out Air keluar
B The percentage of carbon Air keluar
Water in
Air masuk
by mass of hexene is
higher than hexane. Reactant Reactant
Peratus karbon per jisim Bahan Bahan
heksena lebih tinggi tindak tindak
balas balas
berbanding heksana. Heat Heat
C The percentage of hydrogen Panaskan Panaskan
by mass of hexene is B D
Water out Water in
higher than hexane. Air keluar Air masuk
Peratus hidrogen per Water in Water out
Air keluar
jisim heksena lebih tinggi Air masuk
berbanding heksana.
Reactant Reactant
D The percentage of hydrogen Bahan Bahan
by volume of hexene is tindak tindak
balas balas
higher than hexane.
Peratus hidrogen per isi
padu heksena lebih tinggi
berbanding heksana.

19 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

  Chemistry  Form 5  Practice 2 Carbon Compound

21. Diagram 9 shows a series of processes. 24. Alcohol undergoes a

HOTS Rajah 9 menunjukkan siri suatu proses. dehydration reaction to form
Concentrated H2SO4 an alkene and water. Which
H2SO4 pekat KMnO4 alkene is formed when
X Y Z butan-2-ol undergoes a
H2SO4
dehydration reaction?
Diagram 9 / Rajah 9 Alkohol mengalami tindak balas
pendehidratan untuk membentuk
What could be X, Y and Z? alkena dan air. Alkena manakah
Apakah kemungkinan X, Y dan Z? yang terbentuk apabila
butan-2-ol mengalami tindak
X Y Z balas pendehidratan?
A CH3
s
A Ethanol Ethanoic acid Ethyl ethanoate CH3C"CH2
Etanol Asid etanoik Etil etanoat
B CH3
B Ethene Ethanoic acid Ethanol s
Etena Asid etanoik Etanol CH2"C 9
CH3
C CH3CH"CHCH3
C Ethanol Ethene Ethane
Etanol Etena Etana 25. Diagram 12 shows the
structural formula of organic
Ethene Ethanol Ethanoic acid compound X.
D Etena Etanol Asid etanoik
Rajah 12 menunjukkan formula
struktur bagi sebatian organik X.

H O H
& ' &
H!C!C!O!C!H
22. Diagram 10 shows the Rajah 11 menunjukkan formula & &
fermentation process struktur bagi satu ester yang H H
digunakan untuk menghasilkan
of glucose to produce perisa nanas.
compound W. Diagram 12 / Rajah 12
Rajah 10 menunjukkan proses H H H Which pair of compounds
penapaian glukosa untuk & & & 'O
H H will react to produce X?
menghasilkan sebatian W. H!C!C!C !C & &
& & & Pasangan sebatian yang
&

O!C!C!H
Fermentation H H H & & manakah akan bertindak balas
Penapaian H H untuk menghasilkan X?
Compound W
Glucose A Methanol dan propanoic
Glukosa Sebatian W Diagram 11 / Rajah 11
acid
Which of the following can Metanol dan asid propanoik
Diagram 10 / Rajah 10 be used to make the flavour?
Antara yang berikut, yang
B Propanol dan ethanoic
What is the structural formula acid
manakah boleh digunakan untuk
of compound W? menghasilkan perisa tersebut? Propanol dan asid etanoik
Apakah formula struktur bagi
sebatian W? A Propanol and propanoic C Ethanol dan ethanoic
A C6H6 acid acid
Propanol dan asid propanoik Etanol dan asid etanoik
B C6H12 B Ethanol and butanoic D Methanol dan ethanoic
C C2H5OH acid acid
Etanol dan asid butanoik
D C6H13OH Metanol dan asid etanoik
C Butanol and ethanoic
23. Diagram 11 shows the acid
structural formula of an ester Butanol dan asid etanoik
which is used to make a D Propil propanoate and
pineapple flavour. ethanol
Propil propanoat dan etanol

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 20

 Chemistry  Form 5  Practice 2 Carbon Compound 

26. Alcohol undergoes dehydration D Acidified potassium D 2-ethylpropane

reaction to form an alkene and manganate(VII) solution 2-etilpropana
water. Which alkene is formed Larutan kalium manganat(VII)
berasid 30. Which structural formulae
when butan-1-ol undergoes a
are the isomers of butane?
dehydration reaction? Formula struktur manakah ialah
Alkohol mengalami tindak balas Isomers and Naming
2.4 isomer bagi butana?
pendehidratan untuk membentuk based on IUPAC
alkena dan air. Alkena manakah Nomenclature I
H H H H
yang terbentuk apabila Isomer dan Penamaan & & & &
butan-1-ol mengalami tindak mengikut IUPAC H!C!C!C!C!H
balas pendehidratan? & & & &
A CH3CH2CH"CH2 H H H H
28. Diagram 14 shows the
B CH3CH"CHCH3
structural formula of II
C CH3 compound X. H H H H
s & & & &
Rajah 14 menunjukkan formula
CH3C"CH2 struktur bagi sebatian X. H!C"C!C!C!H
& &
D CH3 H H H
s &
CH2"C9CH3 H!C!H III H
H H &
& &
27. Diagram 13 shows the H!C!H
H!C!C!C"C!C!H H H
structural formulae of & & & & & & &
compound P and compound Q. H H H H H H!C!C!C!H
Rajah 13 menunjukkan formula & & &
struktur bagi sebatian P dan Diagram 14 / Rajah 14 H H H
sebatian Q.
What is the name of
IV H
H H compound X? &
& & Apakah nama bagi sebatian X?
H!C"C!C!H C!H
H H
& & A 2-methylbut-2-ene & &
H H 2-metilbut-2-ena H!C!C!C!H
P B 2-methylpent-2-ene & &
H H
2-metilpent-2-ena
H H H
& & & C 4-methylbut-2-ene
H!C!C!C!H 4-metilbut-2-ena A I and II
& & & I dan II
H OH H D 4-methylpent-2-ene
4-metilpent-2-ena B I and III
Q I dan III
Diagram 13 / Rajah 13 29. Which of the following is the C II and IV
Which of the following can isomer for pentane, C5H12? II dan IV
react with P to produce Q? Antara yang berikut, yang D III and IV
Yang manakah antara berikut manakah isomer bagi pentana,
III dan IV
boleh bertindak balas dengan P C5H12?
untuk menghasilkan Q? A 2-methylpropane PAPER 2
A Bromine water 2-metilpropana
Air bromin
B 2,2-dimethylpropane
B Steam and phosphoric acid 2,2-dimetilpropana
Stim dan asid fosforik
C Concentrated sulphuric C 2,2-dimethylbutane
2,2-dimetilbutana
acid
Asid sulfurik pekat

21 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

  Chemistry  Form 5  Practice 2 Carbon Compound

Section A

1. (a) Diagram 1 shows some reactions involving hydrocarbon P and alcohol.

TEXTBOOK
Rajah 1 menunjukkan tindak balas yang melibatkan hidrokarbon P dan alkohol. Subtopic 2.3
pg. 90– 98
Carbon dioxide + water
Karbon dioksida + air

Combustion
I Pembakaran
H H
& & II Hydrocarbon P
H!C!C!OH Hidrokarbon P
& &
H H
Colourless liquid Q IV
Cecair tak berwarna Q
+ Acidified potassium dichromate(VI) solution
III + Larutan kalium dikromat (VI) berasid

Acid R
Asid R

Diagram 1 / Rajah 1
(i) Write the chemical equation for reaction I.
Tulis persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas I. TP2

[2 marks / 2 markah]

(ii) Hydrocarbon P can be produced from ethanol through reaction II. Draw the apparatus set-up for
reaction II. TP2
Hidrokarbon P boleh dihasilkan daripada etanol melalui tindak balas II. Lukis susunan radas bagi tindak balas II.

[2 marks / 2 markah]

(iii) State two observations in reaction III.

HOTS Nyatakan dua pemerhatian dalam tindak balas III. TP3

[2 marks / 2 markah]

(iv) Draw the structural formula and give the name for the colourless liquid Q.
HOTS Lukis formula struktur dan memberi nama bagi cecair tak berwarna Q. TP3

[2 marks / 2 markah]

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 22

 Chemistry  Form 5  Practice 2 Carbon Compound 

2. Diagram 2 shows a series of reactions of an alkene.

TEXTBOOK
Rajah 2 menunjukkan satu siri tindak balas alkena. Subtopic 2.3
pg. 82– 84
H Hydration reaction
& Tindak balas penghidratan
H!C!H
Compound P + H2 H H Compound R
Sebatian P & &
Sebatian R
Ni, 180 ºC H!C"C!C!H
&
H

+ Acidified KMnO4 solution Reaction Y

+ Larutan KMnO4 berasid Tindak balas Y

Compound Q
Sebatian Q

Diagram 2 / Rajah 2
(a) (i) Name compound R according to IUPAC nomenclature.
Namakan sebatian R mengikut penamaan IUPAC. TP2

[1 mark / 1 markah]

(ii) Draw the structural formula of compound R.

Lukis formula struktur bagi sebatian R. TP2

[1 mark / 1 markah]

(iii) When compound R is heated with methanoic acid, a new carbon compound is formed. Give one
HOTS characteristic of the compound formed.
Apabila sebatian R dipanaskan dengan asid metanoik, satu sebatian karbon baharu terbentuk. Berikan satu
sifat sebatian yang terbentuk itu. TP3

[1 mark / 1 markah]
(b) Compound P is produced by heating butene and hydrogen gas in the presence of nickel at 180 °C. State
the function of nickel in the reaction.
Sebatian P dihasilkan melalui pemanasan butena dan gas hidrogen dengan kehadiran nikel pada 180 °C. Nyatakan
fungsi nikel dalam tindak balas tersebut. TP2

[1 mark / 1 markah]

(c) (i) Name reaction Y.

Namakan tindak balas Y. TP2

[1 mark / 1 markah]

(ii) Write the balance chemical equation for reaction Y.

Tulis persamaan kimia yang seimbang bagi tindak balas Y. TP2

[2 marks / 2 markah]

23 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

  Chemistry  Form 5  Practice 2 Carbon Compound

(d) Briefly describe one chemical test to (d) Propane and propene exist as gases at room
HOTS differentiate compound P and butene. HOTS temperature. Compare the observations when

Huraikan secara ringkas satu ujian kimia untuk acidified potassium manganate(VII) solution
membezakan sebatian P dengan butena. TP4 is added into propane and propene.
Explain your answer.
Propana dan propena wujud sebagai gas pada
suhu bilik. Bandingkan pemerhatian apabila larutan
kalium manganat(VII) berasid ditambahkan ke
dalam propana dan propena.
Terangkan jawapan anda. TP3
[3 marks / 3 markah]

3. Diagram 3.1 shows the conversion of propane.

TEXTBOOK Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan penukaran propana.
pg. 83– 98 Subtopic 2.3 – 2.4

Reaction I
Tindak balas I [3 marks / 3 markah]
Propanol Propene Propane (e) Kevin sold the apple cookies as shown in
Propanol Propena Propana
HOTS Diagram 3.2 during last Christmas. He wants

Heat (porcelain chips) to expand his business. However, he does not

Panaskan (serpihan porselin)
have enough apples. He plans of using an
Diagram 3.1 / Rajah 3.1 apple flavour to produce the apple cookies.
(a) State the functional group of propanol. The chemical formula for the apple flavour
Nyatakan kumpulan berfungsi bagi propanol. TP1 is C4H9COOC2H5. As a chemistry pupil, help
Kevin to name two carbon compounds that
can be used to produce the apple flavour.
[1 mark / 1 markah] Kevin menjual biskut epal seperti dalam
Rajah 3.2 pada Hari Krismas yang lalu. Dia
(b) Draw the structural formulae for two isomers ingin mengembangkan perniagaannya itu. Walau
of propanol. TP2 bagaimanapun, dia tidak mempunyai epal yang
Lukis formula struktur bagi dua isomer propanol. mencukupi. Dia bercadang untuk menggunakan
perisa epal dalam penghasilan biskut epal tersebut.
Formula kimia bagi perisa epal ialah C4H9COOC2H5.
Sebagai seorang murid kimia, bantu Kevin untuk
menamakan dua sebatian karbon yang boleh
digunakan untuk menghasilkan perisa epal itu. TP3

[2 marks / 2 markah]

(c) Propanol undergoes reaction I to form propene.

Propanol mengalami tindak balas I membentuk
propena.

(i) Name reaction I.

Namakan tindak balas I. TP2

[1 mark / 1 markah]
Diagram 3.2 / Rajah 3.2
(ii) Write the balanced equation for the
conversion of propanol to propene in
reaction I.
Tulis persamaan kimia yang seimbang bagi
penukaran propanol kepada propena dalam
tindak balas I. TP2
[2 marks / 2 markah]

[1 mark / 1 markah]

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 24

 Chemistry  Form 5  Practice 2 Carbon Compound 

Section B

4. (a) Copy and complete the table by naming the alkene of each polymer. Subtopic 2.2 – 2.4
TEXTBOOK HOTS Salin dan lengkapkan jadual berikut dengan menamakan alkena bagi setiap polimer. TP3
pg. 82– 98

Polymer Alkene
Polimer Alkena
Polypropylene
Polipropilena
Polivinyl chloride
Polivinil klorida
[2 marks / 2 markah]

(b) Diagram 4 shows a series of changes that occur in organic compounds.

Rajah 4 menunjukkan satu siri penukaran sebatian organik.
Heat porcelain
pieces
+ H2 Serpihan porselin
Alkana X 180 °C Butene panas Alcohol Y Butanoic acid
Alkana X Butena Alkohol Y Asid butanoik

Ester Z
Ester Z

Diagram 4 / Rajah 4

(i) Draw the structural formulae for two
isomers of butene. Name both isomers.
Lukis formula struktur bagi dua isomer bagi
butena. Namakan kedua-dua isomer itu. TP2
[4 marks / 4 markah]
(ii) Name alkane X and alcohol Y.
Namakan alkana X dan alkohol Y. TP2
[2 marks / 2 markah]
(iii) Draw the structural formula of ester Z.
Name ester Z.
Lukis formula struktur bagi ester Z. Namakan
ester Z. TP2
[2 marks / 2 markah]
(iv) Alcohol Y and ester Z are both colourless
liquids. State one difference between
both liquids.
Kedua-dua alkohol Y dan ester Z
merupakan cecair tanpa warna. Nyatakan
satu perbezaan antara kedua-dua cecair
itu. TP2
[1 mark / 1 markah]
(c) Alkenes, alcohols and carboxylic acids are
three different homologous series. Construct
a table to show the general formula,
functional group and name of a member in
each homologous series. TP2
Alkena, alkohol dan asid karboksilik ialah tiga siri
homolog yang berbeza. Bina satu jadual untuk
menunjukkan formula am, kumpulan berfungsi dan
nama bagi satu ahli dalam setiap siri homolog itu.
[9 marks / 9 markah]
5. (a) Diagram 5.1 shows the structural formula of
TEXTBOOK butene.
pg. 80– 105 Rajah 5.1 menunjukkan formula struktur bagi
butena. Subtopic 2.3 – 2.4
H H H H
& & & &
H!C!C!C"C!H
& &
H H
Diagram 5.1 / Rajah 5.1
Draw the structural formulae for another
three isomers of butene and name each
isomer according to the IUPAC nomenclature.
Lukis formula struktur bagi tiga lagi isomer butena
dan namakan setiap isomer mengikut penamaan
IUPAC. TP2
[6 marks / 6 markah]

25 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

  Chemistry  Form 5  Practice 2 Carbon Compound

(b) Diagram 5.2 shows the formation of compound X and alcohol Y from compound W and properties of
compound W and compound X.
Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan pembentukan sebatian X dan alkohol Y daripada sebatian W serta sifat-sifat bagi sebatian
W dan sebatian X.

Compound X + H2 Compound W Alcohol Y

Sebatian X Sebatian W Alkohol Y
Structural formula:
 180 °C Structural formula:

Formula struktur: Nickel as Formula struktur:
H H H catalyst H H H
& & & Nikel sebagai & & &
H!C!C!C!H mangkin H!C!C"C!H
& & & &
H H H H
Low melting point and boiling
 Low melting point and boiling

point. point.
Takat lebur dan takat didih yang Takat lebur dan takat didih yang
rendah. rendah
Cannot conduct electricity in
  Cannot conduct electricity in
any state. any state.
Tidak mengalirkan arus elektrik Tidak mengalirkan arus elektrik
dalam semua keadaan. dalam semua keadaan.

Diagram 5.2 / Rajah 5.2

(i) Compare and contrast between compound (ii) Draw the structural formula of alcohol
W and compound X in terms of Y and name the alcohol.
Banding dan bezakan antara sebatian W State the optimum conditions in
dengan sebatian X dari segi producing alcohol Y from compound W.
 Types of hydrocarbon Write the chemical equation involved.
Jenis hidrokarbon Lukis formula struktur bagi alkohol Y dan
 Physical properties namakan alkohol itu.
Sifat-sifat fizik Nyatakan keadaan optimum untuk
menghasilkan alkohol Y daripada sebatian W.
 Reaction with bromine water
Tindak balas dengan air bromin Tulis persamaan kimia yang terlibat. TP2
 Sootiness of flame during [6 marks / 6 markah]
combustion
Kejelagaan nyalaan semasa pembakaran
Explain each of your comparison.
Terangkan setiap perbandingan anda. TP2
[8 marks / 8 markah]
Section C

6. (a) Diagram 6 shows the conversion of an organic compound from one homologous series to another.
TEXTBOOK Rajah 6 menunjukkan penukaran sebatian organik daripada satu siri homolog kepada yang lain. Subtopic 2.3 – 2.4
pg. 80– 105

Hydration H H H H Oxidation
Penghidratan & & & & Pengoksidaan
Alkene Q H!C!C!C!C!OH
Compound R
Alkena Q & & & & Sebatian R
H H H H
Hydrogenation
Penghidrogenan

Alkane P
Alkana P Ester S
Ester S

Diagram 6 / Rajah 6

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 26

 Chemistry  Form 5  Practice 2 Carbon Compound 

(i) Draw and name two isomers other than H H H

butan-1-ol in Diagram 6.
Lukis dan namakan dua isomer selain
daripada butan-1-ol di Rajah 6. TP2
[4 marks / 4 markah]
(ii) Describe briefly one chemical test to
HOTS differentiate between alkane P and
alkene Q. TP3
Huraikan secara ringkas satu ujian kimia
untuk membezakan alkana P dan alkena Q.
[3 marks / 3 markah]
(iii) Name compound R.
Namakan sebatian R. TP2
[1 mark / 1 markah]
(iv) Based on Diagram 6 and answer in
6(a)(iii), draw the structural formula
and state the name of ester S.
Berdasarkan Rajah 6 dan jawapan di
6(a)(iii), lukis formula struktur dan nyatakan
nama bagi ester S. TP2
[2 marks / 2 markah]
(b) Describe how ethanol can be prepared in the
HOTS laboratory. In your description, include:
Huraikan bagaimana etanol boleh disediakan di
makmal. Dalam huraian anda, sertakan: TP5
 List of materials and apparatus
Senarai bahan dan radas
 Diagram of apparatus set-up
Gambar rajah susunan radas
 Procedure
Prosedur
 Chemical equation
Persamaan kimia
[10 marks / 10 markah]
& & &
H!C!C!C!OH
& & &
H H H
Compound E
Sebatian E
Diagram 7 / Rajah 7
(a) Choose any one of the compound in
Diagram 7, state the products formed when
the compound burns completely in excess
oxygen gas.
Write the chemical equation involved.
Pilih mana-mana satu sebatian dalam Rajah 7,
nyatakan hasil-hasil yang terbentuk apabila sebatian
itu terbakar dengan lengkap dalam gas oksigen
berlebihan.
Tulis persamaan kimia yang terlibat. TP2
[3 marks / 3 markah]
(b) State the name of two isomers in Diagram 7.
Explain your answer.
Nyatakan nama dua isomer dalam Rajah 7.
Terangkan jawapan anda. TP2
[3 marks / 3 markah]
(c) Between compound A and B, which compound
HOTS produces more soot?
Explain your answer.
[Relative atomic mass: C = 12, H = 1]
Antara sebatian A dan B, manakah sebatian yang
menghasilkan lebih banyak jelaga?
Terangkan jawapan anda.
[Jisim atom relatif: C = 12, H = 1] TP3
[4 marks / 4 markah]
(d) The following chemical equation shows the
HOTS reaction between compound E and carboxylic

acid.
7. Diagram 7 shows five structural formulae of Persamaan kimia berikut menunjukkan tindak
carbon compounds.
TEXTBOOK balas antara sebatian E dengan asid karboksilik.
pg. 80– 105
Rajah 7 menunjukkan lima formula struktur bagi sebatian Compound E + carboxylic acid → ester
karbon. Subtopic 2.3 – 2.4 Sebatian E + asid karboksilik → ester
H H H H H H H State the name of one member of carboxylic
& & & & & & &
H!C!C!C!C!H H!C!C!C"C!H acid and name of ester formed when the named
& & & & & & & carboxylic acid reacts with compound E.
H H H H H H H Describe an experiment to produce the ester
Compound A Compound B in the laboratory by using compound E and
Sebatian A Sebatian B
carboxylic acid that you have named.
H H H H H Write the chemical equation involved.
& & & & &
Nyatakan nama satu ahli bagi asid karboksilik dan
H!C!C!C"C!H H!C!C"C!H
& & & nama ester yang terbentuk apabila asid karboksilik
H H H yang dinamakan bertindak balas dengan sebatian E.
H!C!H H!C!H Huraikan satu eksperimen untuk menghasilkan ester
& & di dalam makmal dengan menggunakan sebatian E
H H
dan asid karboksilik yang telah dinamakan.
Compound C Compound D
Sebatian C Sebatian D Tulis persamaan kimia yang terlibat. TP5
[10 marks / 10 markah]

27 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

  Chemistry  Form 5  Practice 2 Carbon Compound

8. (a) Diagram 8.1 shows the structural formulae (b) Diagram 8.2 shows the structural formulae
TEXTBOOK
of compound A and compound B. HOTS of compound J and compound K.
pg. 80– 93
Rajah 8.1 menunjukkan formula struktur bagi Rajah 8.2 menunjukkan formula struktur bagi
sebatian A dan sebatian B. Subtopic 2.3 sebatian J dan sebatian K. TP5
H H H H H H H H H O
& & & & & & & & & '
H!C!C!C!C!C!C!H H!C!C!OH H!C!C!OH
& & & & & & & & &
H H H H H H H H H
Compound A Compound K Compound J
Sebatian A Sebatian K Sebatian J
H H H H H H
& & & & & & Diagram 8.2 / Rajah 8.2
H!C"C!C!C!C!C!H
& & & & State one physical property of compound K.
H H H H Describe briefly a chemical test to differentiate
Compound B between compound J and compound K.
Sebatian B
Nyatakan satu sifat fizik sebatian K. Huraikan
Diagram 8.1 / Rajah 8.1 secara ringkas satu ujian kimia untuk membezakan
antara sebatian J dengan sebatian K.
Compound A and compound B are burnt [5 marks / 5 markah]
completely in oxygen to produce carbon
dioxide gas and water. (c) Alcohols undergo dehydration reaction
Sebatian A dan sebatian B terbakar dengan lengkap HOTS to produce alkenes and water. Describe
dalam oksigen menghasilkan gas karbon dioksida how to prepare an alkene from a named
dan air. alcohol through a dehydration process. In
your description, include the diagram of
(i) Name compound A and compound B. the apparatus set-up and balanced chemical
Namakan sebatian A dan sebatian B. TP2
equation for the reaction.
[2 marks / 2 markah] Alkohol mengalami tindak balas pendehidratan
(ii) Compound B produces more soot than untuk menghasilkan alkena dan air. Huraikan
bagaimana alkena disediakan daripada alkohol
HOTS compound A when burnt in oxygen.
yang dinamakan melalui proses pendehidratan.
Explain why. Dalam huraian anda, sertakan gambar rajah
Sebatian B menghasilkan lebih banyak jelaga susunan radas dan persamaan kimia yang
daripada sebatian A apabila terbakar dalam seimbang bagi tindak balas itu. TP5
oksigen. Terangkan mengapa. TP3
[10 marks / 10 markah]
[3 marks / 3 markah]

HOTS Practices
Practices PAK-21

Diagram below shows an ester that has a pineapple flavour.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan ester yang berperisa nanas.

H O
H C C H H H H
H O C C C C H
H H H H

Ethyl butanoate / Etil butanoat

Ahmad wants to produce the ester in the laboratory. State the alcohol and carboxylic acid that are used to prepare
the ester. Write the chemical equation to prepare the ester. Calculate the mass of the alcohol that will be used to
produce 1.16 g of the ester. [Relative atomic mass: H = 1, C = 12, O = 16]
Ahmad ingin menyediakan ester di dalam makmal. Nyatakan alkohol dan asid karboksilik yang akan digunakan untuk menyediakan
ester itu. Hitung jisim alkohol yang akan digunakan bagi menghasilkan 1.16 g ester itu. [Jisim atom relatif: H = 1, C = 12, O = 16]

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 28

 ANSWERS
pract
ice
1 Redox Equilibrium
Keseimbangan Redoks
PAPER 1
1. A 2. C 3. C 4. C 5. C
6. C 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. D
11. A 12. D 13. C 14. C 15. C
16. D 17. B 18. C 19. D 20. B
21. A 22. B 23. B 24. B 25. C
26. D 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. C
PAPER 2
Section A
1. (a) than copper. // Its position
G is higher than copper in the
(b) (i) 2I– → I2 + 2e–
(ii) Increase from –1 to 0
Bertambah daripada –1 kepada 0
(c) (i) The purple colour solution
changes to colourless.
Larutan berwarna ungu bertukar
kepada tak berwarna.
(ii) Oxidising agent
Agen pengoksidaan
2. (a) To allow the movement of ions
and complete the circuit.
Untuk membenarkan pengaliran ion-
ion dan melengkapkan litar.
(b) (i) Fe2+ → Fe3+ + e–
(ii) Green colour solution turns
brown.
Larutan berwarna hijau bertukar
menjadi perang.
(c) (i) Cr2O72– + 14H+ + 6e– → 2Cr3+ +
7H2O
(ii) Orange colour solution turns
green.
Larutan berwarna jingga bertukar
menjadi hijau.
3. (a) (i) Fe2+ → Fe3+ + e–
Green colour of iron(II) nitrate
solution turns brown.
Warna hijau larutan ferum(II) nitrat
bertukar menjadi perang.
1. A few drops of sodium
hydroxide solution are added.
Beberapa titis larutan natrium
hidroksida ditambah.
2. A brown precipitate is
formed.
Mendakan perang terbentuk.
(ii) MnO4– + 8H+ + 5e– → Mn2+ +
4H2O
Decreases from +7 to +2
Berkurang daripada +7 kepada +2
(b) (i) Oxidising agent
Agen pengoksidaan
(ii) Increases from –1 to 0
Meningkat daripada –1 kepada 0
4. (a) (i) Metal displacement reaction
Tindak balas penyesaran logam
(ii) Zinc // Magnesium // Aluminium
// Calcium
Zink // Magnesium // Aluminium //
Kalsium
It is more electropositive
Electrochemical Series
Ia lebih elektropositif daripada
kuprum. // Kedudukannya lebih
tinggi daripada kuprum dalam Siri
Elektrokimia.
(iii) X → Xn+ + ne– // Zn → Zn2+ + 2e– //
Mg → Mg2+ + 2e– // Al → Al3+ + 3e– //
Ca → Ca2+ + 2e–
(b) (i) To allow the movement of ions
and complete the circuit.
Untuk membenarkan pengaliran
ion-ion dan melengkapkan litar.
(ii) Ion kuprum(II) dinyahcaskan
G kuprum. // Kepekatan ion
Negative terminal
Terminal negatif
Iron(II) sulphate
solution
Larutan ferum(II)
sulfat
(iii) Iron(II) ion donates 1 valence
electron to form iron(III) ion.
Ion ferum(II) menderma 1 elektron
valens untuk membentuk ion
ferum(III).
(iv) The orange colour of acidified
potassium dichromate(VI)
solution changes to green.
Warna jingga larutan kalium
dikromat(VI) berasid bertukar
kepada hijau.
(v) Cr2O72– + 14H+ + 6Fe2+ → 2Cr3+
+ 7H2O + 6Fe3+
5. (a) (i) To allow the movement of ions
and complete the circuit.
Untuk membenarkan pengaliran
ion-ion dan melengkapkan litar.
(ii)
 Copper
Kuprum
A1
 Because copper is less
electropositive than zinc.
Kerana kuprum kurang
elektropositif daripada zink.
(iii) Zinc becomes thinner.
Zink menjadi nipis.
(iv) Zn → Zn2+ + 2e–
(b) (i) Oxygen
Oksigen
(ii)
Gas P
Gas P
Dilute copper(II)
chloride solution
Larutan kuprum(II)
klorida cair
Carbon
electrodes
Elektrod karbon
Cell B
Anode Sel B Cathode
Anod Katod
(iii) Cu2+ + 2e– → Cu
(iv)  The intensity of blue colour
decreases.
Keamatan warna biru
berkurang.
 Copper(II) ions are
discharged to form copper
atoms. // Concentration of
copper(II) ions in copper(II)
chloride solution decreases.
untuk membentuk atom
kuprum(II) dalam larutan
kuprum(II) klorida berkurang.
Section B
6. (a) (i)  Anode: Chlorine
Anod: Klorin
 Cathode: Copper
Katod: Kuprum
(ii)
 List of ions that are attracted
to the anode: hydroxide ion
/ OH– ion and chloride ion /
Cl– ion.
Senarai ion-ion yang tertarik
ke anod: ion hidroksida, ion
OH– dan ion klorida, ion Cl–.
 Name of the ion that is
selectively discharged at the
anode: chloride ion.
Nama ion yang dipilih untuk
dinyahcas pada anod: ion klorida.
 Reason why the ion is
selectively discharged at the
anode: the concentration of
chloride ion is higher than
hydroxide ion.
Sebab ion ini dipilih untuk
dinyahcas pada anod:
kepekatan ion klorida lebih
tinggi daripada ion hidroksida.
© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.
   Chemistry  Form 5 Answers

 Half equation for the 7. (a) (i) Electrode Anode (carbon) Cathode (copper)
reaction that occurs at the Elektrod Anod (karbon) Katod (kuprum)
anode: 2Cl– → Cl2 + 2e– .
Setengah persamaan bagi
Colourless gas bubbles
Electrode becomes
tindak balas yang berlaku
Observation are released.
thicker.
pada anod: 2Cl– → Cl2 + 2e–. Pemerhatian Gelembung-gelembung gas
Elektrod menjadi tebal.
tak berwarna terbebas.
 Observation at the anode:
greenish yellow gas is released. Products Oxygen gas Copper metal
Pemerhatian pada anod: gas Hasil tindak balas Gas oksigen Logam kuprum
kuning kehijauan dibebaskan. Half equation
4OH– → O2 + 2H2O + 4e– Cu2+ + 2e– → Cu
(b) (i)  R, Q, P, S Setengah persamaan
R, Q, P, S
The position of hydroxide The position of copper(II)
 Reaction between metal Factor that affects ions is lower than ions is lower than
P and Q nitrate solution the product formed nitrate ions in the hydrogen ions in the
occurs. Metal P is more Faktor yang Electrochemical Series. Electrochemical Series.
electropositive than metal Q. mempengaruhi hasil Kedudukan ion hidroksida Kedudukan ion kuprum(II)
Tindak balas antara logam P dan tindak balas yang adalah lebih rendah adalah lebih rendah
larutan Q nitrat berlaku. Logam terbentuk daripada ion nitrat dalam daripada ion hidrogen dalam
P lebih elektropositif berbanding Siri Elektrokimia. Siri Elektrokimia.
logam Q.
 Reaction between metal
P and R nitrate solution (ii)  OH– ions are selected to
occurs. Metal P is more discharge at the anode
Electrode Anode (copper)
electropositive than metal R. Elektrod Anod (kuprum) because its position is
Tindak balas antara logam P lower than Cl– ions in the
dan larutan R nitrat berlaku. Observation Electrode becomes Electrochemical Series.
Logam P lebih elektropositif Pemerhatian thinner. Ion OH– dipilih untuk nyahcas
berbanding logam R Elektrod menjadi nipis. di anod kerana kedudukannya
 Reaction between metal P Products Copper(II) ions adalah lebih rendah daripada
and S nitrate solution does Hasil tindak balas Ion kuprum(II) ion Cl– dalam Siri Elektrokimia.
not occur. Metal P is less Half equation Cu → Cu2+ + 2e– Cathode / Katod:
electropositive than S. // Metal Setengah persamaan  H+ ions and Na+ ions are
S is more electropositive than P. Factor that affects Type of electrode at attracted to the cathode.
Tindak balas antara logam P dan Ion H+ dan ion Na+ tertarik ke
the product formed the anode.
larutan S nitrat tidak berlaku. Jenis elektrod pada katod.
Faktor yang
Logam P kurang elektropositif  H+ ions are selected to
mempengaruhi hasil anod.
berbanding logam S. // Logam discharge at the cathode
tindak balas yang
S lebih elektropositif berbanding because its position is
terbentuk
logam P. lower than Na+ ions in the
 Reaction between metal R and Blue colour Rate of ionisation
remains of copper atoms Electrochemical Series.
Q nitrate solution does not occur. Ion H+ dipilih untuk nyahcas
Metal R is less electropositive unchanged to copper(II) ions
di katod kerana kedudukannya
Warna biru kekal at the anode is the
than Q. // Metal Q is more adalah lebih rendah daripada
tidak berubah same as the rate
electropositive than R. ion Na+ dalam Siri Elektrokimia.
of discharged of
Tindak balas antara logam (b) 1. Chlorine water is added into the
copper(II) ions to
R dan larutan Q nitrat tidak solution.
copper atoms at the
berlaku. Logam R kurang Air klorin ditambahkan ke dalam
cathode.
elektropositif berbanding Kadar pengionan larutan.
logam Q. // Logam Q lebih atom kuprum kepada 2. Fe2+ → Fe3+ + e–
elektropositif berbanding ion kuprum(II) di anod 3. Fe2+ is oxidised to Fe3+.
logam R. adalah sama dengan Fe2+ dioksidakan kepada Fe3+.
(ii) Reaction takes place. kadar nyahcas ion 4. Fe2+ gives green colour and Fe3+
Tindak balas berlaku. kuprum(II) kepada gives brown colour.
(c) (i)  Positive terminal: silver atom kuprum di katod. Fe2+ memberi warna hijau dan Fe3+
Terminal positif: argentum memberi warna perang.
 Negative terminal: magnesium 8. (a) (i)  Gas X: Oxygen (c)  X is more electropositive than
Terminal negatif: magnesium Gas X: Oksigen copper.
(ii) Colourless gas bubbles are  Gas Y: Hydrogen X lebih elektropositif daripada kuprum.
released. Gas Y: Hidrogen  Atom X is oxidised.
Gelembung-gelembung gas tak  Anode: 4OH → O2 + 2H2O +
–
Atom X dioksidakan.
berwarna terbebas. Anod 4e–  Cu2+ ion is reduced to copper.
(iii)
 Positive terminal:  Cathode: 2H+ + 2e– → H2 Ion Cu2+ diturunkan kepada kuprum.
2H+ + 2e– → H2 Katod  Number of Cu2+ ions decreases.
Terminal positif: (ii) Anode / Anod: Bilangan ion Cu2+ berkurang.
2H+ + 2e– → H2  OH– ions and Cl– ions are  Metal Y is less electropositive
 Negative terminal: attracted to the anode. than copper.
Mg → Mg2+ + 2e– Ion OH– dan ion Cl– tertarik ke Logam Y kurang elektropositif
Terminal negatif: anod. daripada kuprum.
Mg → Mg2+ + 2e–
(iv) Mg + 2H+ → Mg2+ + H2

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. A2

 Praktis
5

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Praktis HEBAT! SPM KSSM

TITLES IN FORM Praktis Hebat! SPM is a series of topical practices based
THIS SERIES 4 5 on the latest KSSM syllabus and the latest SPM exam
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English develop their mastery of concepts taught, as well as
familiarise them with the format of school assessments
Mathematics/Matematik
and the SPM examination. With the incorporation of
Additional Mathematics/
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Matematik Tambahan
practices, students would be better prepared to ace
Science/Sains the examination with confidence. Complete answers are also
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