THE PAPER OF AMERICAN LITERATUR PERIOD

“ROMANTIC PERIOD”

ARRANGED BY :
NAME : SRIRAHAYU TALIBANA
CLASS : B/ 2019
SEMESTER : 1
NIM : 321419042

FACULTY OF LITERATUR AND CULTURE

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
 FOREWORD

Assalamualaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatu,

praise and gratitude do not forget also I offer to the almighty God, because only with his gift so
that I can finish this paper on time. This paper is titled about the period of American literature in
the romantic era. Sorry if this paper has many shortcomings or many words that are not
understood. because I also still learning in making this paper, so I hope you can understand every
writing in this paper when you read this paper.
 TABLE OF CONTEST

Forward..................................................................................................................................
Table Of Contest....................................................................................................................
Chapter I Introcduction..........................................................................................................
A. Background..............................................................................................................
B. Formulation of the Problem...................................................................................
Chapter II Content..................................................................................................................
A. The Romantic Period (1830 to 1870)......................................................................
B. The Great The Romantic Themes...........................................................................
C. Famous Writing Literatur in Iomantic Period.........................................................

CHAPTER III CLOSSING

A. Conclusion..............................................................................................................
B. Suggestion...............................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

A. Background
The Literature of American is the only one most important in the world that was born after
the invention of the printing press. at first, the writings of American is writing that making
people narrating their life in the new world. Those writing usually are like the note diary of life
that makes with the destination to read the people in europe. those writings of American judged
by the level of their subtlety depicting America and the literary beauty was not at all taken into
consideration. Leter, these americans began to instill a skewed view of europe. They began to
regard europe as an overcrowded region. They consider europenas “confined” to follow the
cultural values they inherited from their ancestors, while these new American residents are free
individuals to determine their own values. Van Doren concluded that Europeans were
descendants (from their ancestors), but Americans were ancestors (from their children and
grandchildren).

This American Literature Period consists of some part period, that is The Romantic Period (1830
to 1870), Realism and Naturalism (1870 to 1910), The Modernist Period (1910 to 1945), The
contemporery period (1945 to present).

B. .Formulation of the Problem

1. What is the romantic period ?
2. What is The Great Romantic Themes ?
3. Who is the famous Writing in Romantic Period ?
 CHAPTER II
CONTENT

A. The Romantic Period (1830 to 1870)

Romanticism is a way of thinking that supports the individual above the group, subjectively
over one's goals, and one's emotional experience for reason. He also supports the wildness of
nature above man-made order. Romanticism as a worldview came into force in Western Europe
at the end of the 18th century, and American writers embraced it in the early 19th century.

Edgar Allan Poe most clearly described, and inhabited, the role of the Romantic individual -
a genius, often tortured and always struggling against convention - during the 1830s and until his
death was thought up in 1849.

Poe discovered the modern detective story with "The Murders in the Rue Morgue" (1841).
The poem "The Raven" (1845) is a grim depiction of lost love. The horror was changed by
applying the meter and the poem. Short stories "The Fall of the Usher House" (1839) and
"Amontillado Barge" (1846) gripped horror stories.

The American Romantic Period, which took place around 1830-1870, was a period of rapid
expansion and growth in the United States that triggered intuition, imagination and individualism
in literature. When you think of stories that are labeled 'romantic,' you might think of a romance
novel, in which some women in half-clothes have a Fabio-esque man hanging around them.
That's NOT what we talked about in the American Romantic period. Don't get me wrong: like
the stories, Romantic literature is adventurous and impossible, but it's more than just a fussy love
story.

in this story, novel, and poem, there are five characteristics we can use to identify Romantic
American literature. This is:
 Imagination

The first characteristic is imagination. This is in line with the Industrial Revolution,
which is a time of great progress. In many cases, when there is progress, there is also
great optimism. People began to imagine what could happen next, and progress
continued. On the other side of it, with much progress, many people began to migrate to
big cities that became densely populated. Cities become dirty and hidden with disease,
so it's no wonder many people want to avoid them. Therefore, the American Romantic
writers embraced the idea through escape.

 Individuality

The second characteristic used to identify American Romanticism is individuality. When

people move to the border, they build new areas in the way that best suits their needs.
Not only people who move across the country but also to the country. Immigration
began what we now call the 'smelting pot' in America. As a result, you see not only
people who create identities for themselves, but the country creates their own identities
when people with different social pasts gather to create something new.

Americans also want to distance themselves from Europe and become intellectually
independent. This appears in the literature with characters who live on the margins of
society. Like the old-fashioned cowboys, they would not follow the norms that came
from Europe; they will follow their intuitions and feelings, and they will embrace this
newfound freedom and become individuals.

 Nature as a source of spirituality

 Looking to the past for wisdom

  See ordinary people as heroes

B. The Great Romantic Themes

As the romantic movement spread from France and Germany to England and then to the rest
of Europe and across to the western hemisphere, certain themes and moods, often intertwined,
became the concern of almost all 19th-century writers.

1. Libertarianism

Many of the libertarian and abolitionist movements of the late 18th and early 19th
centuries were engendered by the romantic philosophy?the desire to be free of convention
and tyranny, and the new emphasis on the rights and dignity of the individual. Just as the
insistence on rational, formal, and conventional subject matter that had typified
neoclassicism was reversed, the authoritarian regimes that had encouraged and sustained
neoclassicism in the arts were inevitably subjected to popular revolutions. Political and social
causes became dominant themes in romantic poetry and prose throughout the Western world,
producing many vital human documents that are still pertinent. The year 1848, in which
Europe was wracked by political upheaval, marked the flood tide of romanticism in Italy,
Austria, Germany, and France.

In William Tell (1804; translated 1825), by German dramatist Friedrich von Schiller, an
obscure medieval mountaineer becomes an immortal symbol of opposition to tyranny and
foreign rule. In the novel The Betrothed (1825-1827; translated 1834), by Italian writer
Alessandro Manzoni, a peasant couple become instruments in the final crushing of feudalism
in northern Italy. Lord Byron and Percy Bysshe Shelley, who for some most typify the
romantic poet (in their personal lives as well as in their work), wrote resoundingly in protest
against social and political wrongs and in defense of the struggles for liberty in Italy and
Greece. Russian poet Aleksandr Sergeyevich Pushkin, whose admiration for the work of
Byron is clearly manifested, attracted notoriety for his “Ode to Liberty” (1820); like many
other romanticists, he was persecuted for political subversion.

The general romantic dissatisfaction with the organization of society was often channeled
into specific criticism of urban society. La maison du berger (The Shepherd’s Hut, 1844), by
French poet Alfred Victor de Vigny, expresses the view that such an abode has more nobility
than a palace. Earlier, Rousseau had written that people were born free but that everywhere
civilization put them in chains. This feeling of oppression was frequently expressed in
poetry?for example, in the work of English visionary William Blake, writing in the poem
“Milton” (about 1804-1808) of the “dark Satanic mills” that were beginning to deface the
English countryside; or in Wordsworth’s long poem The Prelude (1850), which speaks of “?
the close and overcrowded haunts/Of cities, where the human heart is sick.”

2. Nature

Basic to such sentiments was an interest central to the romantic movement: the concern
with nature and natural surroundings. Delight in unspoiled scenery and in the (presumably)
innocent life of rural dwellers is perhaps first recognizable as a literary theme in such a work
as “The Seasons” (1726-1730), by Scottish poet James Thomson. The work is commonly
cited as a formative influence on later English romantic poetry and on the nature tradition
represented in English literature, most notably by Wordsworth. Often combined with this
feeling for rural life is a generalized romantic melancholy, a sense that change is imminent
and that a way of life is being threatened. Such intimations were early evinced in “Ode to
Evening” (1747) by William Collins, “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard” (1751) by
Thomas Gray, and The Borough (1810) by George Crabbe. The melancholic strain later
developed as a separate theme, as in “Ode on Melancholy” (1820) by John Keats, or?in a
different time and place?in the works of American writers: the novels and tales of Nathaniel
Hawthorne, which probe the depths of human nature in puritanical New England, or the
macabre tales and melancholy poetry of Edgar Allan Poe.
 In another vein in American literature, the romantic interest in untrammeled nature is found
in such writers as Washington Irving, whose Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent. (1819-
1820), a collection of descriptive stories about the Hudson River valley, reflects the author’s
knowledge of European folktales as well as contemporary romantic poetry and the Gothic
novel. The Leatherstocking Tales by James Fenimore Cooper celebrate the beauty of the
American wilderness and the simple frontier life; in romantic fashion they also idealize the
Native American as (in Rousseau’s phrase) the “noble savage.” By the middle of the 19th
century the nature tradition was absorbed by American literary transcendentalism, chiefly
expressed in the essays of Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau.

3. The Lure of the Exotic

In the spirit of their new freedom, romantic writers in all cultures expanded their
imaginary horizons spatially and chronologically. They turned back to the Middle Ages (5th
century to 15).

C. Famous Writing in Romantic Period

While writers like wordsworth and coleridge emergend as famous writers during the
romantic period in england, america also had an abudance of great new literature. Famous
writers like Edgar Allan Poe, Herman Melville, and Nathaniel Hawthorne created fiction during
the romantic period in the united states. Here are 5 novels in American Fiction from the
Romantic Period.
1. Moby Dick – by Herman Melville : Moby Dick is the famaos seafaring tale of captein
ahab and his obsessed search for a white Whale.
2. The Scarlate Letter – by Nathaniel Hawthorne : The Scarlate Letter (1850) tells the tale
of hester and her daughter, pearl. Adultery is represented by the beautifully sewn Scarlate
letter and by the impish pearl. Discover The Scarlate Letter, one of the greatest works of
american literature in romantic period.
3. Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym – by Edgar Poe : Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym
(1837)was based on a newspaper accont of a shipwerk, poe’s sea novel influenced the
 works of Herman Melville and Jules Verne. Of course Edgar Allan Poe is also well
known for his short stories, like “the raven”.
4. The Last Of The Mohicans – by James Fenimore Cooper : The Last Of The Mohicans
(1826) depicts hawkeye and the mohicans, against the backdrop of the french and indian
war.
5. Uncle Tom’s Cabin – by Harriet Beecher Stowe : Uncle Tom’s Cabin (1852) was an
antislavery novel that became an instant bestseller. The novel tells about three salves
:Tom, Elize and George. Langston Hughes Called “: Uncle Tom’s Cabin” American’s
first protest novel.
 CHAPTER III
CLOSSING

C. Conclusion

The American Romantic Period, which took place around 1830-1870, was a period of rapid
expansion and growth in the United States that triggered intuition, imagination and individualism
in literature. When you think of stories that are labeled 'romantic,' you might think of a romance
novel, in which some women in half-clothes have a Fabio-esque man hanging around them.
That's NOT what we talked about in the American Romantic period. Don't get me wrong: like
the stories, Romantic literature is adventurous and impossible, but it's more than just a fussy love
story.

D. Suggestion
1. we will must always studying about literature, who knows like novel, movie, prose,
poetry, or shomething about literature, because literature is very important for the
general society.
2. We has to development the literature creation in we area, and it’s very important for the
development in we state.
THE PAPER OF AMERICAN LITERATUR PERIOD

ARRANGED BY :
NAME : VINA INDARTI
CLASS : B/ 2019
SEMESTER : 1
NIM : 321419028

FACULTY OF LITERATUR AND CULTURE

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
THE PAPER OF AMERICAN LITERATUR PERIOD

ARRANGED BY :
NAME : NUR FADILA COANGI
CLASS : B/ 2019
SEMESTER : 1
NIM : 321419041

FACULTY OF LITERATUR AND CULTURE

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT