URBAN PLANNING

PLANNING PRINCIPLES
OF NEO-CLASSICAL ERA
SANJANA
SHARVARI
SHIFA
VARUN S
VIGNESH
YASHWANTH
NEO-CLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE

Neoclassical architecture, also known as neoclassicism,

emerged in the mid-18th century as a reaction to
Rococo. Derived from Palladian architecture, it has
references to classical Greek and Roman architecture.
Unlike Classical revivalism however, neoclassical
architecture tends to draw upon the logic of entire
Classical volumes rather than just reusing parts.
Bath
The flatter projections and recessions had different
effects on light and shade, and sculptural bas-reliefs
were flatter and often framed in friezes, tablets or panels.
These and other individual features were isolated and
‘complete in themselves’, rather than being integrated
with other features.

Regent Street, London

PRINCIPLES OF NEO-CLASSICAL
ARCHITECTURE

• Common features of Neoclassical houses are

a full-height porch with a pediment supported
by classical columns, typically of Ionic or
Corinthian order

• A symmetrical facade with a central door

and symmetrically balanced windows.

• Neoclassical houses are found in five different

forms including those with a full-height entry
porch, a full-height entry porch with lower full-
width porch, a front-gabled roof, a full-
facade porch, and one-story.

• Cornices, doorways, windows, and porch-

supporting columns are usually the most
elaborate elements of Neoclassical houses.
EXAMPLES OF NEO-CLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE
Nancy, France Regent Street, London Karlsruhe
EDINBURGH
Edinburgh has been the Scottish capital since the 15th
century. It has two distinct areas: the Old Town, dominated
by a medieval fortress; and the neoclassical New Town.

The harmonious juxtaposition of these two contrasting

historic areas, each with many important buildings, is what
gives the city its unique character.

Edinburgh’s 18th-century New Town, built because the

Old Town was overcrowded, is a showcase of elegant
Georgian buildings fit for royalty and the wealthy who
lived here.
EDINBURGH
Georgian Edinburgh was a parade of elegant
symmetry and classical ornamentation.

The streets and squares are named after the British

royalty. George Street — 20 feet wider than the
others was the main drag.

The draining of the lake was part of a huge

expansion of Edinburgh back in the late 18th
century. This was a classic early example of urban
flight with the rich leaving an unlivable congested
old town and building a magnificent new one.

Edinburgh's upper class now had a respectable

district in which to promenade. The street plan
was a logical, checker-board grid plan — in tune
with the age of Enlightenment.
EDINBURGH – OLD TOWN

The Old Town is characterized by the survival of the

little-altered medieval "fishbone" street pattern of
narrow closes, wynds, and courts leading off the spine
formed by the High Street, the broadest, longest street
in the Old Town, with a sense of enclosed space
derived from its width, the height of the buildings lining
it, and the small scale of any breaks between them.
Bath
EDINBURGH – NEW TOWN
The New Town, constructed between 1767 and 1890
as a collection of seven new towns on the glacial
plain to the north of the Old Town, is framed and
articulated by an uncommonly high concentration of
planned ensembles of ashlar-faced, world-class, neo-
classical buildings, associated with renowned
architects, including John and Robert Adam (1728-
92), Sir William Chambers (1723-96), and William
Playfair (1790-1857).
Bath
Contained and integrated with the townscape are
gardens, designed to take full advantage of the
topography, while forming an extensive system of
private and public open spaces.

The New Town is integrated with large green spaces. It

covers a very large area of 3,288 ha, is consistent to
an unrivalled degree, and survives virtually intact.
EDINBURGH MAP,
1575
EDINBURGH MAP,
1836
The New Town was planned with
three parallel wide roads, lined
with elegant neoclassical
mansions and gardens in
chequerboard pattern. Smaller
lanes were lined with mews—
stables and
service accommodation. Most
of the buildings were broad than
tall. Open views and natural
light were the order of the day.
EDINBURGH MAP,
1950
EDINBURGH MAP,
2020
Bath
COMMUNITY
MAP

Bath