Capacity Need Assessment, Migratory Soaring Birds/MSB/ -

A case in EEP and EEU, Draft Report

By Yohannes
and
Seyoum
June, 2021 EEP and EEU 1
Outline
Introduction

Objectives

Methodology

Concepts of Capacity Development

Institutions

Capacity Development

Results

Enabling Environment

Capacity Development Matrix

Expected Challenges

Mitigation Measures

Conclusion and recommendation

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 Introduction
There are a lot of structural and transformational changes in the country.

The government of Ethiopian has its commitment to renewable energy and power
infrastructures to address climate change.

Power infrastructures designed projects will be safe for migratory soaring birds.

This, indeed, calls for the need to consider Environmental friendly power
infrastructure Expansions and Rehabilitations

The risks are exacerbated by the cumulative impacts of developments along the
flyway.

Depending on the type of construction used, power poles and power lines may cause
fatal injuries to birds, because of both electrocution and collision.

Interactions between electric utilities and birds may be

categorized in the following way:

• Collisions with the power lines;

• Electrocutions on power lines or poles
• Disturbance to breeding, resting or foraging birds;
• Nesting or perching sites Positive effects

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Introduction…
• The Rift Valley / Red Sea Flyway along East Africa and the Middle East are
the most important flyway in the world for migratory soaring birds.
• Economic developments and the expansion of energy generation,
including renewable energy (wind and solar energy) foreseen for this
region, will make it necessary to considerably expand the power line
network.
• It is very crucial to improve knowledge regarding their conservation
status.
• Appropriate actions are of vital importance because these species are an
ecologically, economically, culturally and intrinsically important
component of biodiversity, which are shared across a huge geographical
area covering many Countries.
• Therefore, EEP and EEU indeed, to develop this capacity improvement
strategy document to improve human resource and institutional capacity
to strengthen planning and decision-making in order to protect MSBs and
other birds from injuries and fatalities occur due to un-safe power
infrastructures and reduce power outrages occurring due to electrocution
and collision.
• This capacity Development strategy document complements the work on
in order to protect MSBs Agreement, which is signed Memorandum of
Understanding (MoU) among EWNHS, EEU, EEP and EWCA with support
of Bird-Life International.
• The main focus of the Strategy is on strengthening international
cooperation, with capacity development at the national level.

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 Specific
 To improve human resource and institutional capacity of EEU and EEP regarding Migratory
Soaring Birds conservation and management in power development plan,
 To strengthen planning and decision-making in order to Protect MSBs and other birds from
injuries and fatalities occur due to un-safe Energy infrastructures Development and
halt/reduce power outrages occurring due to electrocution and collision
 To determine the organizational capacities that are required (for each of the Utilities) to
meet their current demands for performance and the needs arising from the anticipated
changes
 To secure and strengthen the knowledge, capacity, recognition, and awareness EEP and
EEU human resource about migrants Bird in order to make decision to Protect MSBs.
 To ensure that any power infrastructures Expansions and Rehabilitations design can be
safe for migratory bird populations across their flyways areas.
 To reverse significant population declines of many species of MSBs within the flyway areas.
 To strengthen species conservation and recovery and reduce causes of unnecessary
injuries and mortality.

June, 2021 EEP and EEU 5

 The set of questionnaires were designed to
assess 3 target Sections:

 Section 1: Knowledge on wildlife/birds &

power infrastructure interactions,
 Section 2: Safeguard Measures & Tools,
 Section 3: Networking and Outreach

The questionnaires were sent to selected

departments for two survey institutions in
each selected departments to be filled by
individual experts one week before the team
started compiling this assessment.

June, 2021 EEP and EEU 6

 Institution

Established as a separate entity by a Council of

Ministers Regulation No 302/2013, on December
27, 2013 to engage in the
• Energy distribution, and sales, and
• Universal Electric Access Program (UEAP).

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 Institution…

Established by aiming at facilitation of the sector`s efficiency and effectiveness

based on public enterprises Regulation No. 302/2013 issued by council of
minister based in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

 Undertake feasibility studies, design and survey of electricity generation, transmission and substation; to
contract out such activities to consultants as required;
 Undertake electricity generation, transmission and substation construction and upgrading. EEP shall contract
out such activities to contractors as required;
 Lease electricity transmission lines as required;
 Sell bulk electric power; and
 In line with directives and policy guidelines issued by the Ministry of Finance and Economic Cooperation,
negotiate and sign agreements with local and international finance sources.

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Capacity Development
Capacity development is the process by which individuals and
organizations obtain, improve, and retain the skills,
knowledge, tools, equipment, and other resources needed to
do their jobs competently. It allows individuals and
organizations to perform at a greater capacity. As well as,
enhance their abilities to identify and meet development
challenges in a. sustainable manner.

Capacity Development focuses on furthering an organization's

ability to do new things and improve what they currently do.
Most simply, capacity building improves the organization's
performance and enhances its ability to function and continue
to stay relevant within a rapidly changing environment.

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 Capacity Development…
Organization Definition of capacity Definition of capacity development

UNDP The ability of individuals, institutions and societies to Capacity development: The process through which individuals, organizations
perform functions, solve problems, and set and achieve and societies obtain, strengthen and maintain the capabilities to set and
objectives in a sustainable manner. achieve their own development objectives over time. Capacity-building: A
process that supports only the initial stages of building or creating capacities
and assumes that there are no existing capacities to start from. (UNDP)
OECD DAC 'Capacity' is understood as the ability of people, Capacity development is understood as the process whereby people,
organizations and society as a whole to manage their organizations and society as a whole unleash, strengthen, create, adapt and
affairs successfully. The definition is deliberately simple. maintain capacity over time. The phrase capacity development is used
It avoids any judgment on the objectives that people advisedly in preference to the traditional capacity building. The 'building'
choose to pursue, or what should count as success in metaphor suggests a process starting with a plain surface and involving the
the management of their collective efforts. step-by-step erection of a new structure, based on a preconceived design.
Experience suggests that capacity is not successfully enhanced in this way.
World Bank Capacity for development is the availability of resources Capacity development (or capacity-building) is a locally driven process of
and the efficiency and effectiveness with which learning by leaders, coalitions and other agents of change that brings about
societies deploy those resources to identify and pursue changes in socio-political, policy-related, and organizational factors to enhance
their development goals on a sustainable basis. (World local ownership for and the effectiveness and efficiency of efforts to achieve a
Bank, 2009) development goal. (World Bank, 2009)

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 Levels of capacity Development

The five steps of the capacity development process are:-

Engage Formulate a Implement a

Assess capacity Evaluate
stakeholders on capacity capacity
assets and capacity
capacity development development
needs; development.
development; response; response;

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 Result

Based on the analysis most of the

In addition to some focus Group
discussion, questionnaires were also
distributed to key informants mostly long
serving engineers, technicians at EEP and
EEU Head office, Addis Ababa and
Oromiya EEU Regional office.
respondent indicated under the current
circumstances in Ethiopia, mainstreaming
A total of 38 different multidisciplinary
MSBs into the energy sector is very
expert have been interviewed within the
challenging task as much attention and
two companies, with (7) female
concerns are not given by Senior
representatives out of the total.
Managements, planners and
development actors; because of lack of
knowledge.

At the organizational level, key findings

A capacity development that would
included the need for more awareness
encourage to enhance their ability to
creating on Migratory Soaring Bird threat
provide safeguard power line designs and
to all technical staffs and build senior
construction to protect MSBs.
management decision making;

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 Result…
Existing national legislative provision on Strategic Environmental Assessments for energy related programmes or policies in Ethiopia indeed
to protect wild animals.

64.5% of the interviewed staffs do have an awareness of environmental safeguard wildlife/bird species that are likely to have negative
interactions with power infrastructure in Ethiopia.

84.2% have also knowledge about the negative impact of their work or the sector they are working with on bird population because they
consider Power Distribution as environmentally friendly in all respect at their disposal.

But organization does not identify and recognize any sensitive areas that might require extra caution

5.2% staffs said that, a bird has an impact on the sector, while it is electrocuted, interrupt the electricity supply.

Integration of bird’s protection in their work and the sector they are working with is important but not a priority. What is important for
them is electricity production.

89.45% of respondents answered that EEU and EEP as an organization does not involved in any national recording and reporting on the
Convention of Migratory Species and collaborated with any organization to conduct any studies on wildlife/birds and power infrastructure.

EEU have publications magazines very six months, and TV media channels collaborate with FANA TV to share news and other information
about the organization’s work.

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Result…
All respondents confirmed that they
are very much interested to learn
more about how to integrate the
protection of birds in their work
94.73% of the interviewed staffs
Most of the respondents didn’t know,
demand necessary training, for their
what a migratory bird does mean to
future plan and Engineering design to
them.
include in the future.

68.45% of the respondents attested Integration of bird’s protection in

that the main contributing factors to 52.63% of the total respondents Have their work and the sector they are
birds electrocution are the overhead an awareness of MSB safeguard working with is important but not a
power line arrangement and the measures and tools. priority. What is important for them
nature of birds is electricity production.

89.45% of respondents answered that

EEU and EEP as an organization does
EEU have publications magazines very
not involved in any national recording
six months, and TV media channels
and reporting on the Convention of
collaborate with FANA TV to share
Migratory Species and collaborated
news and other information about
with any organization to conduct any
the organization’s work.
studies on wildlife/birds and power
infrastructure.

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 Enabling Environment, Policies and legal tools

Ethiopia has taken a number of

fundamental measure on biodiversity
conservation including Birds and
putting in place domestic legislations
including signatory to multilateral
biodiversity related agreements and
convention to balance the
development and biodiversity
conservation.

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Major Legal Frameworks that govern biodiversity conservation in Ethiopia which includes the migratory soaring birds.

Article 92:
Environmental
objectives it is
declared that, Environmental Development
Environmental
Environmental Protection Environmental Conservation
• Programs and Impact
projects design shall Policy of organs Pollution Control and Utilization
Assessment
not damage or Ethiopia Establishment Proclamation of Wildlife
destroy the Proclamation
adopted in 1997 proclamation No.300/2002. Proclamation
environment. No. 299/2002.
• Government and
No.295/2002. NO. 541/2007.
citizens have the
duty to protect the
environment.

June, 2021 EEP and EEU 16

 Major Legal Frameworks ….

Ethiopian
Wildlife International
Convention on African
Development Finance World Bank
Solid Waste the Development
and National Corporation (WB)
Management Conservation Bank‘s (AfDB)
Conservation Biodiversity (IFC’s) Environmental
Proclamation of Migratory Operational
Authority Policy 1998 Performance and Social
No. 513/2007 Species of Wild Safeguards
Establishment Standards Standards
Animals (CMS) (OSs)
Proclamation (PSs)
No. 575/2008.

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 Capacity Development Matrix

S.N Capacity Need Activities Year Expected Output Indicators/ Responsible

Baseline/ Agent

2021

2022

2023

2024

2025
Target
1 Stakeholder Arrangement  Signing MOU is already made with X X X X X 1. MOU is signed and twinning EWNHS
with quadripartite with EEP, EEU, EWNHS arrangement implemented EEP
counterpart Ministries/ and EWCA.
EEU
Agencies of the regional/
EWCA
Companies for  Establish steering committee and
1. Quadripartite meetings and
strengthening the technical teams workshops are now being
statistical capacity of MSB  Implement signed MOU between implemented
institutions

2 Awareness Creation for all  Prepare awareness creation events for X X X X X 1. Created awareness events Numbers of EWNHS
stakeholders EEP and EEU staffs, Relevant participating all responsible officers Awareness
Stakeholders and those who have stake and staffs from EEP and EEU on creation events
made
on the issue MSB Flyway safely to be considered
during design, plan and
 Develop awareness raising strategy for
implementation in all Energy
each companies
Infrastructures and promoted.
 Establish and prepare Awareness
2. MSBs Conservation and company
creation on MSB, Flyway and overall
based awareness strategy and
impact
management plan developed
 Conduct institutional survey to develop
the capacity through mainly on learning
by doing of MSB impacts and mitigation
June, 2021 EEP and EEU 18
measures.
 Possible Expected Challenges

1 2 3 4 5
Absence of Saddle
policy, procedure,
proclamation and
Lack of basic Knowledge gap on Lack of Studies on
regulation
information, MSB, the identification of
specially about Lack of training
secondary data environmental MSB and their
birds conservation and skilled man
and actual data protection and flyways as wel as
and protection in power
regarding about Biodiversity issues important bird
the country that
MSB ; , areas of Ethiopia,
causes stress on
the
implementation;

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 Possible Expected ….
6 Limitation on monitoring
7 8
and evaluation of the Lack of understanding about
Lack of integration MSB
proposed mitigation the relationship between
issues into project planning
measures at the site MSB Conservation and the
and decision making;
separately on those projects priority goals;
migratory souring Birds.

10
9 Awareness gap and
Consideration of issues of
11
Lack of capacity and
MSB protection as an
misconceptions about MSB capability on environmental
obstacle to the development
Conservation; monitoring/auditing;
activities ;

13
12
Limited coordination of
Contribution of biodiversity
stakeholders who have stack
to the national economy is
and working on MSB
undervalued, and
management and protection

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 Proposed Mitigation Measures

Developing of proclamations and regulations that are directly focusing on birds management and conservation

Prepare quarterly stakeholders engagement event to see the progresses and limitations.
Updating policies and procedures as well as support each energy companies to engage on company level MSB strategy
development,
Experience sharing in a countries who have advance implementation on MSB conservation and control

Preparing need based trainings and scheduled program to fill knowledge gaps on MSB as a whole on Birds.
Prepare continuous awareness creation events for those higher officials, engineers, planners, substation and
transmission designers to incorporate mitigation issues in the plane prepared for any new energy infrastructure to
alleviate birds mortality by electrocution
Time based and lifelong monitoring and evaluation of project safeguard operational performance.

June, 2021 EEP and EEU 21

 Conclusion and Recommendation
Continuous strengthen and capacities building of
EEP and EEU officials and staffs working on
planning, Engineering, Design and Construction
areas.
EWNHS should be committed to strengthen of
EEP and EEU Management bodies and internal
employee knowledge on Migratory Soaring Bird
conservation
Environmental Safeguard, Impact identification,
data collection and analysis, Mitigation,
management plan and overall impact monitoring
and control training is a valuable
June, 2021
The outcome the training will enhance
the capacity of the trainees by,
Raising awareness about Environmental, Biodiversity,
Birds, and safeguards, policies and operational
guidelines;
Raising awareness on birds impacts and/or risks and
implications & considerations on future investment
projects in energy sectors;
Moving towards establishing EEP and EEU own
company strategy, Policy, Procedures and safeguard
system,
Strengthening both EEP and EEU to consider and
identify risk areas of birds, based on this modification
of existing and future energy infrastructure plans.
EEP and EEU 22
 Thank You

June, 2021 EEP and EEU 23