MASINDE MULIRO UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

NAME; KASYOKA O. MUTIO

REG NO; SAE/B/01-03049/2017

COURSE CODE; PSY 410

COURSE TITLE; GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING

TASK; ASSIGNMENT

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Schools are social systems which have numerous purposes to attain and the role of guidance

counselling is dynamic in shaping the discipline of the students. Guidance and counselling as the third
force in education along with instruction, is an essential portion of educational structure. Guidance
programs for secondary school students are planned to address the physical, emotional, social,
vocational and academic difficulties of young student.

Guidance and Counselling is a focal service in a school. Every student requires guidance. It is therefore
essential to set a guidance and counselling programme in school to provide learners with this important
service.

Leaving school before completing one’s studies, violence, drug abuse, relationships and sex among
others are the real issues and have a considerable impact on students and the educational development.

In the school level counseling program germinate positive result in the domain of that areas. In the
school management,it improves educational achievements, decrease dropout, increase rid of obstacles
to learning and develop study skills .

Numerous burdens enforced on the family, parents tend to have slight time with their children to
provide the vital guidance.

Setting up a guidance and counselling programme in schools

To put up a guidance and counselling programme in a learning institution, the following criteria should
be considered;

Conduct needs assessment audit

This help to identify target population and collect information on various issues that affect learners. An
assessment audit in addition help the porgramme to address the needs and how they can be met.

Identification of human resource

The teacher ought to mobilize human resource that will provide services to learners.This includes the
headteacher, guidance and counselling committee, staff members( teaching and non-teaching),and
parents.

Headteacher.

Is the chief counsellor by nature of his or her appointment. He or she assumes responsibility to provide
guidance and counseling to the whole school. The headteacher’s commitment and encouragement is
important to the success of the programme. Headteacher has to provide necessary facilities and
material to support the programme, set up guidance and counselling committee, help to create time for
the programme and give moral support to the committee.

Guidance and counselling committee.

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The committee is composed of staff members whose qualities befits a counselor. The committee set up
the foundation for the programme and develop an organization that is effective and flexible. The
functions of the committee is to, provide services, organize and appraise the programme, deal with
immediate and anticipated problems, recommend referrals to specialists and consultants, and make
recommendation to school administration for development of guidance and counseling.

Staff members.

The goal of guidance and counselling can only be realized through the contribution of other members of
the staff such as class teachers, subject teachers, house teachers, school nurse, matron, and cateress.
They give assistance depending on the needs to be addressed.

Parents.

The parents should be made aware of the aim and intentions of guidance and counselling services
rendered to their children. Parents who have knowledge of counseling skills could be of help tp
learners. They may participate in the porgramme by giving talks or serving as resource persons in
guidance and counselling.

Implementing a guidance and counseling Programme

In implementing a guidance and counseling Programme teacher counsellor has to develop an annual
work schedule for planning and coordination of the programme. The work schedule help the teacher to
identify and contact resource persons, make contacts with relevant offices, preview audio-visual
material( cd, tapes, films etc), collect career pamphlets, posters, and books for dissemination of
education information.

Evaluation

The guidance and counselling programme needs to be regularly evaluated to establish the progress
made. Evaluation may be carried out through observation, questionnaires, focused group discussions
and interviews. These methods are used to provide feedback on success and failure of the programme.

Student’s records maintained by teacher counselor

cumulative record for each learner should be obtained and kept for follow up.This record cover personal
information of the leaner such as , personal data, family background, health information, interest,
interpersonal relationship, class progress e.t.c. Information in the cummalative records can be obtained
from school administration, class teacher, subject teacher, house teacher, games teacher and club
patron.Cummulative records should be regularly updated to show the learners progress and any
information on any emerging characteristics.

AIMS OF GUIDANCE & COUNSELING IN A SCHOOL

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To provide continuous help to student in following areas.
(i) In educational context, assist to select course of study.
(ii). Help in discovering and developing their personalities, attitudes and behavior.
(iii)To help in solving own and other problems.

(iv) To guide and help in selection of career.

(v). To understand and know oneself, their present and possible future situations.

Assessment information e.g. psychological evaluation(s), social/family history, health history etc.

Treatment plan - where the counselor presents the problem, the plan of action, steps to be taken to
reach targeted behaviour, etc.

Case notes such as documentation of progress in each session towards the stated goal.

Termination summary which entail outcome of the treatment, final diagnosis (if any), after-care plan,
etc.