WELL TESTING

(TEP 4309)

PDD & PBU TEST

GAS WELLTESTING

Dosen :
Zulkarnaen Yusuf, ST. MT.
GAS WELLTESTING

1. PRESSURE DRAWDOWN (PDD) TEST

2. PRESSURE BUILD UP (PBU) TEST

PRESSURE DRAWDOWN TEST
1. The transient or early
flow period is usually
used to analyze flow
characteristics

2. The late transient period

is more complete

3. The semisteady-state flow

period is used in reservoir
limit tests
Early-Time Flow Regime
Initially during early-time flow, wellbore storage and skin effects dominate
the flow. When the well is opened at the surface for flow at a constant rate,
the initial flow comes primarily from the wellbore itself, rather than from the
formation.

const = 36,177 when Vwb is in ft3, and is 203,413 when Vwbis in bbl, field units,
kh is formation flow capacity, mD-ft.
Cs is the wellbore constant, is defined as the rate unloading of the wellbore per unit pressure difference,
Vwb = volume of wellbore tubing or volume of wellbore annulus (well without bottom-hole packer);
Cs =compressibility of the wellbore fluid
Early-Time Flow Regime
Dimensionless pressure po versus dimensionless time to, including wellbore storage and skin effects
(after Agarwal, Al-Hussainy, andRamey).2
 Transient Flow Regime
In this flow regime the pressure is the same as that created by a line-source well with a
constant skin. Since a plot of ∆PD versus t D on semilogarithmic coordinates will yield a
straight line, the analysis of transient flow data is often referred to as a semilog analysis.
Pseudo-Steady-State Flow Regime
When a constant-rate drawdown test is run for a long period of time, the
boundary effects eventually dominate the pressure behavior at the well.
The pressure starts declining at the same rate at all points in the reservoir;
hencethe name pseudo-steady-state.
In effect, then, the total drainage area is being depleted at a constant rate. A
plot of ∆PD versus t D on arithmetic coordinates will yield a straight line from
which the reservoir pore volume occupied by gas and the reservoir limits can
be calculated.
Tests utilizing this regime of the drawdown history are often known as
reservoir limit tests.
Pressure Drawdown Tests

Producing the well at a constant flow rate

while continuously recording bottom-
hole pressure runs the drawdown test.
In this type of test, well completion data
details must be known so the effect and
duration of wellbore storage may be
estimated.
Pressure Drawdown Tests
Pressure Drawdown Tests
Pressure Drawdown Tests
 Single-Rate Drawdown Test
To analyze pressure drawdown tests in gas reservoirs, the ordinates
of the plots mentioned above may be Pi — Pwf, Pi 2 - Pw f 2 ,
pseudopressure m(Pi) — m(Pwf) Now the question arises as when to
use which pressure.
The rule of thumb is to use:
1. Pi — Pwf if reservoir pressures are greater than 3000 psi
2. Pi 2 - Pwf 2 if reservoir pressures are less than 2000 psi
3. m(Pi) — m(Pwf) if 1 and 2 are not valid or may be used in all cases
Single-Rate Drawdown Test
Drawdown Test Analysis Using Pwf Approach
Drawdown Test Analysis Using pwf2 Approach
Drawdown Test Analysis Using Pseudopressure Approach

Plot ∆Ψ = Ψ(P) - Ψ (Pwf) terhadap t on semilog akan memberikan garis lurus, dengan slope m,
CONTOH SOAL
A gas well in an infinite-acting reservoir was produced at a constant rate of
6.148 mmscfd. The pressure, Pi throughout the reservoir prior to the test was
3965 psia. General data pertinent to the test are given below. From the
recombined gas analysis: CO2 = 7.84%, H2S = 0.0%, N2 = 0.11%, G = 0.732, Pc
= 380.16 psia, Tc = 645.06 R, µg= 0.02458 cP, Ci =0.00023 psi"1.
Well/reservoir data = 710 R, h = 41 ft, re = 2200 ft, rw = 0.4271 ft, sw = 0.267,
sg = 0.733, cw = 3.2 x 10"6 psi"1, Cg = 0.000252 psi"1, Cf = 3.9 x 10~6 psi"1,
ɸ= 0.137, ɸ HC = 0.1004.
CONTOH SOAL

Calculate permeability, apparent skin

factor s and pressure drop across skin
and the flow efficiency of the well.
Penyelesaian
Penyelesaian
Find the absolute value of the slope m of the MTR line and
∆(Pwf at 1 hour)'
Penyelesaian
Skin Damage

Pressure drop across skin

Flow efficiency of the well.

PRESSURE BUILD UP TEST
PRESSURE BUILD UP TEST
PRESSURE BUILD UP TEST
PRESSURE BUILD UP TEST
PRESSURE BUILD UP TEST
PRESSURE BUILD UP TEST
Contoh Soal
A pressure-buildup test was performed on
a gas well in a finite reservoir.
Data obtained were as follows
qsc = 10 mmscfd,
Cumulative gas produced, qsc = 105 scfd;
T = 605° R;
z = 0.850;
µ = 0.12 cP;
Ci = 0.000436 psi"1;
h = 54 ft; ɸ = 18%;
rw = 0.3333 ft;
well spacing =640 acres.
Determine k, s?
Penyelesaian
• Metode Horner Plot
Penyelesaian
• Metode MBH
(Mattews-Brons-Hazebroek)
TERIMA KASIH