Ca 6 1

Current Affairs by
Asmatullah Junejo, PSP

Saturday, March 17, 2018 1
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Saturday, March 17, 2018 Current Affairs by Asmatullah Junejo, PSP 2
Day 3
The Surgeon General of Pakistan Army, Lt Gen
Mustaq Ahmad Baig was specifically targeted while
returning home in a suicide bomb blast at traffic
signal of GPO chowk, Rawalpindi, in February 2008.
Sequence
 Analysis of Peace Agreements with Militants
and Lessons for the Future
 Mainstreaming Federally Administered Tribal

Areas
 CREATION OF NEW PROVINCES IN PAKISTAN-

CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

Introduction
 Federally Administered Tribal Area (FATA) is in the north
west of Pakistan bordering Pakistan’s provinces of Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa and Baluchistan to the east and south, and
Afghanistan’s provinces of Kunar, Nangahar, Paktia, Khost
and Paktika to the west and north.
 Tribal areas generally means ‘having a predominance of
tribal population’. They are characterized by geographical
isolation, distinct culture, primitive traits and economic
backwardness.
 The territory is almost exclusively inhabited by the
Pashtuns, who also live in the neighboring Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa and Afghanistan and are Muslims by faith.
Current Affairs by Asmatullah Junejo, PSP
Introduction
 FATA is spread over an area of 27,220 sq. km (3.4%)
 Population of FATA, according to 1998 census is 3.2 million
but presently it is 4.3 million (2.19%).
 It consist of 07 Tribal Agencies i.e. Bajaur, Mohmand,
Khyber, Orakzai, Kurram, North Waziristan and South
Waziristan.
 It also comprises of six Tribal Regions i.e. Peshawar, Kohat,
Bannu, Lakki Marwat, Tank and Dera Ismail Khan.

Administration of FATA
 Under Article 247 of the Constitution of Islamic Republic of
Pakistan, the FATA falls under the Executive Authority of
Federal Government i.e. under the M/o States and Frontier
Region (SAFRON), Islamabad. It is financed from the Federal
Budget.
 In terms of article 247 linked with SRO 109 Dated 25th June, 1970,
Administrative powers in respect of FATA vest in the President of
Pakistan.
 The President of Pakistan appointed the Governor of the KP to
act as his representative for FATA to exercise executive authority
in these areas.
 It is represented in the Senate and National Assembly of
Pakistan but not in the Provincial Assembly of KP.
 Political Parties Act has not been extended to FATA and the
jurisdiction of Supreme Court and High Courts has also been
barred in FATA.
 Each Tribal Agency is administered by a Political Agent, assisted
by Assistant Political Agents, Tehsildars (Administrative Head of
a Tehsil) and Naib Tehsildar (Deputy Tehsildar) as well as
members from various local police (khassadars) and security
forces (levies, scouts).
 Political Agent is also the Chief Judicial as well as Police Officer
for his area of jurisdiction.
 FATA is governed primarily through the Frontier Crimes
Regulation (FCR 1901).
 Political Agent exercises his authority through the tribal elders or
Maliks and their tribal councils or Jirgas.

 Each Frontier Region is administered by a District Coordinating
Officer (DCO) with the assistance of Assistant Political Agent
and Political Tehsildar.
 Frontier Crime Regulation, 1901 (FCR) is also applicable in the

Frontier Regions (FRs).
 Policing duties are performed by the tribal levies and khasadaars.

Challenges
1. Physical Features
i. FATA can be divided into three regions i.e. northern, central and
southern regions.
ii. The northern zone consists of the Bajaur and Mohmand agencies.
iii. The central region covers the Khyber, Kurram and Orakzai agencies
and the FRs of Kohat and Peshawar.
iv. The southern region comprises the North Waziristan and South
Waziristan agencies, and the FRs of Bannu, Dera Ismail Khan, Lakki
Marwat and Tank.
v. FATA lies on the cusp of two major climatic systems, the monsoon to
the east and the Mediterranean towards the west

Challenges
2. Land use Indicators
Around 82 per cent of total geographic area of FATA is not
available for cultivation. This puts intense pressure on available
farmland, which supports an average of 18 persons per cultivated
hectare and more than 40 persons per irrigated hectare. Some 44 per
cent of farmland is under irrigation, with the remaining cultivated area
relying entirely on rainfall.

Challenges
3. Tribal and Ethnic Diversity
i. FATA is characterized by a very strong tribal structure and very rich ethnic
diversity and cultural heritage.
ii. There are about a dozen major tribes with several smaller tribes and sub-
tribes.
iii. Uthmankhel, Mohmand, Tarkani and Safi are the major tribes living in
Bajaur and Mohmand.
iv. Afridi, Shilmani, Shinar, Milagros Orakzai are settled in Khyber and Orakzai
while the FRs of Peshawar and Kohat are occupied by Afridi.
v. A good mix of Turi, Bangash, and Masozai inhabit Kurram Agency.
vi. Major tribes of North and South Waziristan are Darwesh Khel Wazirs with a
pocket of Mahsuds in the central part of the region.
vii. Other tribes of the region are Utmanzai, Ahmadzai Dawar, Saidgai, Kharasin
and Gurbaz. Bhittani occupies FR Lakki and Tank.
viii. FR Bannu is Wazir.
ix. Ustrana and Shirani tribes live in FR D.I. Khan.
x. The cultural heritage of FATA is very rich in terms of hospitality, tribal arts
and crafts, historical places, ethnic diversity and natural beauty.
Challenges
4. Economy and Livelihood
i. There are few livelihood opportunities available to the people.
ii. The local economy is chiefly pastoral, with agriculture practiced
in a few fertile valleys.
iii. Most households are engaged in primary-level activities such as
subsistence agriculture and livestock rearing, or small-scale
business conducted locally.
iv. Others are involved in trade within the tribal belt or with down-
country markets.
v. Women take active part in agricultural activities, collect fuel
wood and fetch water, besides attending to household work and
family duties.

Challenges
5. War on Terror – A brief Chronology
i. Current militancy in FATA has taken roots from USSR’s invasion
of Afghanistan which ended up in the Afghan civil war.
ii. Soviet invasion pulled the USA into this region.
iii. The USA won the proxy war against the USSR with the
involvement of Pakistan and the USSR was disintegrated.
iv. There were the following factors which made Pakistan the front
line ally of the USA in the war against the USSR:
i. The intelligence sharing between the CIA of USA and ISI of Pakistan
against the USSR
ii. Settlement of Afghan refugees in Pakistan
iii. The strategic location of Pakistan and the cultural links among the
people residing on both sides of Durand Line.
v. The event of 9/11 caused the US to invade Afghanistan
Challenges
5. War on Terror – A brief Chronology (cont)
vi. This time Afghan Taliban fell into the category of against the USA,
as they harboured Al-Qaeda’s leaderships, who were allegedly
involved in the 9/11 attacks.
vii. Thus; the USA launched global campaign of “war against
terrorism” and the Taliban regime in Afghanistan became its first
target.
viii. The Taliban Government had been uprooted after US invasion of
Afghanistan.
ix. Keeping in view the old relations and considering it a safe
heaven, Taliban entered into Pakistan’s tribal regions. They had
not been supported by the Pakistani Government this time but
the local population of FATA, with whom they had ties since the
Soviet invasion of Afghan gave them shelter to carry out their
activities.

Challenges
6. Militancy in FATA
i. US invasion of Afghanistan caused upheaval and turmoil in FATA
with Al-Qaeda shifting its bases inside Pakistan.
ii. Pakistan under UN Resolution, obliged to act against Terrorists.
iii. Peaceful FATA became focus of attention due to Al-Qaeda and its
Affiliates.
iv. Cultural Ethos of ‘Pakhtunwali’ diluted to presence of heavily
armed non-Pakhtun militant elements.
v. Militants in Swat exploited the strength and myth of TTP and
joined hands with terrorists of South Waziristan.
vi. Deficit of justice, non existent economic activities and un-
employment in the region frustrated the population who joined
the miscreants.
vii. Weak administrative system could not handle the increasing
militancy and accentuated the issue
Challenges
7. Damages due to Militancy in FATA
i. Militancy resulted in a huge number of human losses, including military
personnel, civilian, militants and members of peace committees/ civil
militia (Aman Lashkar or Qaumi Lashkar).
ii. About 4275 personnel of the military have fallen prey to the war against
militancy, out of which 1060 were martyred and 3215 were injured.
iii. Cross border clashes and other suicidal attacks by the militants killed
more than 40,000 innocent civilians.
iv. Another risk in FATA is kidnapping for ransom and other demands by
Taliban.
v. Drone attacks, though the US claims targeting militant hideouts only also
affected the civilian population directly and indirectly.
vi. Due to the recent military operations in FATA, hundreds of thousands
tribesmen were displaced as IDPs and the poor people suffered untold
sufferings/ miseries and losses.

Government’s Steps Towards
Mainstreaming FATA
I. Security Measures:
i. Extension of Political Parties Order to FATA allowing the political
Parties to involve tribesmen in the decision making process for
the entire country.
ii. Major amendment in the FCR, 1901 recasting it to make it
compatible to human rights with an inbuilt mechanism of
judicial oversight.
iii. Conversion of Kala Dhaka, a Provincially Administered Tribal
Area of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa into a settled district.
iv. Pushing back the militants from PATA and FATA border with
settled areas to the Pak - Afghan Border.
v. Taking full care of more than 3.5 million internally displaced
persons (IDP) due to floods and militancy ensuring that all of
them are provided shelter, food and health facilities to ensure
that no epidemic spreads in their camps.

Mainstreaming FATA
II. Development Sector:
i. Increasing development budget continuously, this year ADP
allocation reaching Rs.16 billion which at one time was less than
even one billion.
ii. Different agreements with donor agencies for initiating mega
projects e.g.
i. KFW Grant (Up-gradation/establishment of three Agency level
hospitals),
ii. USAID (Up-gradation to international trade route; Tank to Angoor Adda
road-SWA, Up-gradation of international trade route; Jumrud to
Torkham Road, Khyber Agency, Main Electricity Transmission line to
Wana, SWA) and
iii. World Bank (Upgradation to international trade route; Chakdara to Nawa
pass,Bajaur, Establishment of Urban Hubs with quality services
(TARUCCI), Bajaur, Upgradation to international trade route; Bannu to
Ghulam Khan Road, NWA)

Mainstreaming FATA
III. Education Sector:
i. Establishment of six Cadet Colleges; two already established
at Wana and Spinkai (South Waziristan Agency), for others
procurement of land in process
ii. Establishment of FATA University, land purchased at FR
Kohat
iii. Establishment of IT University in Kurram, purchase of land
in process
iv. Eleven Colleges established/upgraded
v. About 94357 Scholarships awarded to students
vi. Special seats reserved for tribal students in educational and
professional institutions across the country.
Mainstreaming FATA
IV. Health Sector:
i. Up-gradation of Six Civil Hospitals/BHU to Category 'D'
Hospitals
ii. Launched anti TB, Polio, Hepatitis Programmes
V. Communication and Works:

i. 490 Km black topped and 48 Km single roads completed

Mainstreaming FATA
VI. Electricity and Power Sector
i. 154 villages electrified, 213 transformers installed
ii. 222 Km HT and 273 Km LT line laid
VII. Irrigation
i. Three small dams completed, six in progress
ii. 50 Small Hydel Power Station and 408 Dug wells completed
iii. 264 Tubewell/Dug well based Water Supply Schemes
completed

Conclusion
i. To isolate militants and bring FATA into mainstream, FATA needs
very special attention as it is not in national interest to keep it further
in the present state of isolation and turmoil.
ii. Sustainable peace cannot be achieved by military operation alone as
any degree of success against the militants will remain temporary
until and unless the root causes of violence in FATA such as poverty,
illiteracy, under employment, socio and economic inequality are
properly addressed.
iii. Engage the militants for dialogue and national approach will have to
be adopted in dealing with the militancy.

Conclusion
iv. Moreover, it is easy to make recommendations but very difficult to
implement them. Any decision with regard to FATA will therefore,
have to be implemented in letter and spirit.
v. Success can be achieved in FATA with firm political commitment and

supervision of honest, efficient and dedicated administration.

Recommendations
 The process of bringing FATA into mainstream should be
expedited.
 Posting of Political Agents and Heads of other Line
Departments should only be on merit from wide pool of
efficient and honest officers.
 A High-Powered Cell be established to carryout a rapid but
in depth needs/ damages assessment and redressing the
grievances arising out of fighting between the army and the
militants.
 On the basis of assessment, the government must pay
compensation for all the damages to the affectees including
provision of cash money to the returning IDPs for their
initial recovery.
 Massive investment is required in education, health and
communication.
Recommendations
 The Khasadars are unable to confront the militants and restore
law and order in FATA. The force has become obsolete due to
age-old structure, tribal nature and lack of proper training and
equipment. They may be trained according to the modern
techniques and upto date equipment may be provided to them.
 Development budget of FATA needed to be enhanced many-folds
and its utilization should be strictly monitored and audited.
 Although Frontier Crime Regulation (FCR) is the only viable
piece of legislation in FATA, however, principle of collective
responsibility should only be limited to the family and businesses
of the culprit / criminal.
 Executive and judiciary branches may be separated in FATA by
extending the jurisdiction of High Courts to FATA.
 People of FATA may be empowered through representation in
the Provincial Assembly Khyber Pakthunkhwa.

Class Discussion
FATA should be either made the fifth

province of Pakistan or its areas be
absorbed in the province of Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa.
5th Province
Saturday, March 17, 2018
Inclusion in KP
Current Affairs by Asmatullah Junejo, PSP 33
CREATION OF NEW
PROVINCES IN
PAKISTAN

New
Provinces
in Pakistan
Introduction
 Pakistan a federal state in all constitutions (predecessor law
Govt of India Act 1935)
 Inception of Pakistan 1947- 5 provinces
 Creation of one unit in 1955
 Abolition of one unit in 1970- restoration of 5 provinces
 Constitution of 1973 – 4 provinces with federal, provincial
and concurrent lists of subjects for legislation
 Concurrent list abolished and NWFP renamed as KP under
18th amendment in April 2010
 Renaming NWFP as KP gave impetus to Tehreek Sooba
Hazara (led by Baba Haider Zaman)
 Similar demands for South Punjab province
 Restoration of Bahawalpur province movement
Basis of Demand for New Provinces
 Minority ethnic communities feel their rights will be protected
in their separate provinces which are currently threatened by
majority ethnicity in specific cases
 Certain linguistic groups demand new provinces to maintain
separate identity and shape policies according to their
aspirations
 Socio-economic deprivation in some areas generate demand for
new provinces for socio-economic development
 Discrimination in distribution of resources to areas in the
provinces

Procedure for Creation of New
Provinces
 Amendment in the constitution has to be made for
creation of new provinces
 Article 239 of the 1973 constitution - procedure for
constitutional amendment bill
 According to clause (4) of article 239, “A bill to amend
the constitution which would have the effect of altering
the limits of a province shall not be presented to the
president for assent unless it has been passed by
provincial assembly of the province by votes not less
than two third of its total membership”.

Political Movements for New
Provinces
i. South Punjab
ii. Bahawalpur
iii. Hazara
iv. FATA
v. Jinnah Pur
vi. Gilgit Baltistan
Creation of South Punjab Province
 Introduction
 Consists of three divisions i.e Multan, Dera Ghazi Khan and
Bahawalpur- 11 districts
 Majority of the people of these areas speak Saraiki language
 According to 1998 census population of Saraiki speaking
people is 13.9 millions
 Saraiki movement started in 1960’s not as a political
movement but more as a cultural and linguistic movement
 Saraiki Sooba Movement also known as Saraiki Sooba Mahaz
led by Malik Mumtaz Husain Jai is leading the movement


 Case for:
i. Demand for partition of Punjab on socio-economic grounds
– sense of deprivation
ii. 48.5 % territory and 31.57% population of Punjab justifies
the new province
iii. ADP allocation 17.76% in 2006 & 29.02% in 2010 indicate
allocation disproportionate to population size
iv. 43.11% population living below poverty line in south Punjab
whereas 27.69% below poverty line in central and northern
Punjab.

• Case for:
v. No industries in the area except a few small
industrial units
vi. Large land holding by few in the agrarian economy
has made the rest dependents
vii. Division of large unmanageable province into two
manageable provinces for prosperity
viii. National assembly passed resolution for creation of
South Punjab province on 2 May,2012
ix. Punjab assembly resolution for creation of South
Punjab and Bahawalpur province May 8, 2012
 Case against:
i. Carving a new province out of Punjab splits identity of
Punjab
ii. Demand is essentially linguistic – South Punjab being
Saraiki area
iii. Alteration of the boundaries of KP if Saraiki community in
D I khan and Lakki Marwat demand to join the new
province
iv. Parallel demand for Bahawalpur province that falls within
South Punjab

 Case against:
v. For people of Bahawalpur supporting the creation of Saraiki
province will be foregoing their demand for Bahawalpur
province.
vi. Multan as capital of Saraiki province will be the center of
power and Bahawalpur region will remain neglected
vii. May increase ethnic tension in Pakistan
viii. Existing political, economic and security environment not
feasible for such political experiment

Restoration of Bahawalpur Province
 Introduction
i. Bahawalpur division was the state of Bahawalpur from 1727
till 1951 when agreement between government of Pakistan
and the ruler of Bahawalpur for provincial status on 30th
April, 1951
ii. During these 228 years ruled by the Abbasi Nawabs
iii. Area is 18,000 sq miles and population of the region is 7.518
million as per 1998 census
iv. Contributes 23% and 10% of the total production of the
country’s cotton and wheat respectively

 Introduction (cont):
v. Merged into one unit in 1955 with understanding to
restore it as a separate province on termination of one unit
vi. Was made part of Punjab province when one unit was
broken on 30th march, 1970 causing resentment in
Bahawalpur.
vii. The movement known as “Bahawalpur Sooba Movement”
and “Movement for restoration of province of Bahawalpur”
led by Nawab Salah-ud-Din Abbasi


 Case for:
i. The demand is essentially for restoration of Bahawalpur province
which was created in 1951 under agreement between Nawab of
Bahawalpur and government of Pakistan
ii. Demand not based on ethnic or linguistic grounds
iii. Largest division of Punjab – 18,000 sq miles
iv. Population 7.518 million (1998 census) 10% of Punjab population
and 5.6% of the total population of the country
v. State of Bahawalpur was a rich and developed state but neglected
after accession to Pakistan (Rs 4 million surplus budget in 1955)
vi. Huge cotton revenue of Bahawalpur is spent elsewhere

 Case against:
i. Bahawalpur province not feasible due to its small
territory
ii. Demand is on linguistic ground – Saraiki language
iii. Resistance of sizeable Punjabi and Urdu speaking
communities living in Bahawalpur
iv. Falls within the proposed south Punjab province /
Saraiki province
v. Population size does not justify a separate province

Creation of Hazara Province
 Introduction:
i. Hazara is a region in the eastern part of KP
ii. Comprises six districts - Abbottabad, Battagram, Haripur,
Mansehra, Kohistan and Torghar
iii. Population was 4.5 million (2005 estimate)
iv. Area is 18013 sq km
v. Multiethnic population consisting of Hindokwans,
Pashtuns and Kohistanis
vi. Multilingual- speaking Hindko, Pashto, Gujri, Kohistani

vii. Establishment of Hazara student federation in Karachi in
early 1980- first step towards demand for Hazara province
viii. Demand for separate Hazara province triggered by
renaming of NWFP as Khyber Pakhtunkhwa by the 18th
amendment-violent protests in Abbottabad
ix. Hazara Tehrik with Baba Haider Zaman as its chief
coordinator
x. Awami national party (ANP) is against Hazara province

 Case for:
i. Ignored the separate identity of Hazara in renaming NWFP
as KP under 18th amendment
ii. Has a vast area of 18,000 sq KM with a population of 6
million
iii. Hazara division consists 6 of districts to become a viable
province
iv. The province will be financially self-sustaining due to its
natural and mineral resources and tourism in the area


 Case against:
i. Population and area does not justify a separate
province
ii. Heterogeneous linguistic and ethnic population –
Hindko, Pashto, Kohistani are the major communities
iii. Demand by Hindko speaking people only on linguistic
and ethnic grounds
iv. Insecure Pashtuns community demand for Abaseen
division with headquarters at Battagram out of Hazara
division which will reduce the size of Hazara division

Provincial Status for FATA
 Introduction
i. Strategically located between the Durand Line and the
settled districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
ii. Exclusively inhabited by the Pashtun tribes
iii. 7 tribal agencies and 6 frontier regions.
iv. Area is 27220 sq km and population is 3.18 million (1998
census)
v. 12 members in the national assembly and 8 members in the
senate but remains under the direct executive authority of
the president through governor KP (Articles 51, 59 and
247).

vi. Under the overall supervision of the ministry of states and
frontier regions (SAFRON).
vii. Laws framed by the national assembly do not apply here
unless so ordered by the president.
viii. The debate to revisit the status of existing provinces has
renewed the concerns about the future of FATA


 Case for:
i. 7 agencies and 6 frontier regions makes strong case for
separate province
ii. KP assembly passed resolution for FATA representation in
KP assembly in 2012
iii. FATA grand alliance Jirga demanded separate province in
2012
iv. Socio-economic deprivation can be eliminated by granting
the status of province to FATA
v. The political rights not secure due to unique constitutional
status under article 247
vi. No regular courts in the FATA to resolve criminal and civil
disputes and to protect fundamental rights
vii. Revulsion
Saturday, March 17, 2018 against frontier
Current Affairs crime
by Asmatullah regulations
Junejo, PSP 60
 Case against:
i. Two divergent demands - separate province vs merger into
KP
ii. The agencies are geographically contiguous but not
interconnected even to have a central headquarters
iii. The current Taliban insurgency in FATA debars such
initiative
iv. FATA as a province not sustainable without dependence
upon KP in administration and establishment
v. Lack of own economic resources
vi. Separate province not justified due to cultural and
linguistic homogeneity with KP
Creation of Jinnah Pur
 Introduction
i. Areas consisting of Karachi division, Hyderabad division
and Mirpurkhas division
ii. Contains mostly urban population
iii. MQM has time and again demanded the creation of
Jinnah Pur province for the Urdu speaking population of
the Sindh province. But these demands lack forcefulness.

Creation of Jinnah Pur

Provincial
Status for
Gilgit
Baltistan

Provincial Status for Gilgit Baltistan
 The region, together with Azad Kashmir and Jammu and
Kashmir, is disputed between India and Pakistan
 Gilgit-Baltistan is an autonomous self-governing region that
was established as a single administrative unit in 1970, formed
by the amalgamation of the Gilgit Agency, the Baltistan region
and the former princely states of Hunza and Nagar. It covers an
area of 72,971 km² (28,174 sq mi) and is highly mountainous.
 Government of Pakistan abolished State Subject Rule in Gilgit-
Baltistan in 1974, which resulted in demographic changes in the
territory. While administratively controlled by Pakistan since
the First Kashmir War, Gilgit-Baltistan has never been formally
integrated into the Pakistani state and does not participate in
Pakistan's constitutional political affairs.
 On 29 August 2009, the Gilgit-Baltistan Empowerment and
Self-Governance Order 2009, was passed by the Pakistani
cabinet and later signed by the then President of Pakistan Asif
Ali Zardari.
Provincial Status for Gilgit Baltistan
 The order granted self-rule to the people of Gilgit-Baltistan, by creating,
among other things, an elected Gilgit-Baltistan Legislative Assembly
and Gilgit-Baltistan Council. Gilgit-Baltistan thus gained a de facto
province-like status without constitutionally becoming part of Pakistan.
 The Gilgit-Baltistan Legislative Assembly is a 33-seat unicameral
legislative body that was formed as part of the Gilgit-Baltistan
Empowerment and Self-Governance Order, 2009 which granted the
region self-rule and an elected legislative assembly. Prior to this, the
region had been directly ruled from Islamabad.
 Officially, Pakistan has rejected Gilgit-Baltistani calls for integration
with Pakistan on the grounds that it would prejudice its international
obligations with regard to the Kashmir conflict.
 Some Kashmiri nationalist groups, such as the Jammu and Kashmir
Liberation Front, claim Gilgit-Baltistan as part of a future independent
state to match what existed in 1947.
 India, on the other hand, maintains that Gilgit-Baltistan is a part of the
Indian controlled state of Jammu and Kashmir.
Political Parties’ Stance
 Non-seriousness of political parties towards the issue.
 PPP resolution in national assembly for creation of
South Punjab province on May 2, 2012. PML(N)
opposed the move.
 PML (N) resolutions in Punjab assembly for creation of
the South Punjab province and restoration of
Bahawalpur province on 8 May, 2012
 Creation of new provinces should only be based on
administrative grounds and not on linguistic or ethnic
basis (Nawaz Sharif told party consultative meeting
held on 27th Jan, 2013 at Lahore)
Political Parties’ Stance
 PTI would establish more provinces if voted to power (Imran
Khan address to a public meeting at Bahawalpur on 26th April,
2013)
 Constitution amendment bill by MQM in Jan, 2013. MQM
seeking creation of new provinces in Punjab and Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa
 JI and JUI-F are opposed to creation of new units on ethnic and
linguistic grounds. They support changes for administrative and
management purposes.

Challenges
i. Amendment of constitutional provisions under Article
239
ii. Political parties sloganeering for vested interests and
political mileage
iii. Creation of new provinces will exacerbate conflicts over
distribution of resources between center and provinces
i. NFC award
ii. Water distribution
iv. Economic implications
i. Increase in non-developmental expenditure over
establishment
ii. Challenge of revenue generation for development

Challenges
v. Serious challenge to national integration
vi. Current economic, regional and political situation

not conducive
vii. Snow ball impact – rise of demand for other new

provinces as chain reaction
viii. Creation of new provinces may create disharmony

among various ethnic groups

Opportunities
i. New provinces on administrative grounds will devolve
power to ignored regions
ii. Improve resource distribution among provinces
iii. Speedy and cost-effective resolution of social, economic
and political problems of remote areas
iv. Diversion of funds towards rural and underdeveloped
areas
v. Elimination of sense of deprivation – deflect criticism of
exploitation by one province or center
vi. Improve accountability, accessibility and ownership
vii. Good governance

Conclusion
i. New provinces on ethnic / linguistic basis for political vested
interests may endanger national integration
ii. May serve as catalyst for demand for new provinces - spill over
effect
iii. May localize politics and create disharmony
iv. May rise to unmanageable conflict among new provinces on
resource distribution
v. Will increase non-developmental expenditure in both short
and long term
vi. New provinces on administrative grounds may improve
governance in longer term
vii. Across the board political consensus a must
Recommendations
i. Provinces must address developmental issues of
underdeveloped areas
ii. The principle of parity in allocation of resources
(underdevelopment, resource generation and population)
iii. New provinces on ethnic / linguistic grounds must be avoided
iv. National debate on the necessity of new provinces – across the
board political consensus necessary
v. Analysis of economic viability of new provinces shall be carried
out
vi. Analysis of implication of new provinces for national integrity
shall be carried out
vii. Research should be conducted on expected improvement in
governance due to new provinces
Recommendations
viii. Purposeful dialogue instead of political sloganeering shall
guide the debate on new provinces
ix. Local government elections should he held for redressal
of the problems at doorstep
x. Extensive debates at the parliament and provincial
assemblies concerned to discuss the matter in detail and
reach a consensus
xi. The decision to create new provinces should not be taken
in haste

Write Up
Would the creation of new provinces in

Pakistan bring about further strength to the
national integration within Pakistan.
Agree Disagree
Thank
You
Please contact for Queries
Asmatullah Junejo (PSP)
Assistant Inspector General of Police, Operations,
Islamabad
0331-7055550
asmatullahjunejo@hotmail.com

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Current Affairs by

Asmatullah Junejo, PSP

 Mainstreaming Federally Administered Tribal

 CREATION OF NEW PROVINCES IN PAKISTAN-

Saturday, March 17, 2018 Current Affairs by Asmatullah Junejo, PSP 5

Current Affairs by Asmatullah Junejo, PSP

Current Affairs by Asmatullah Junejo, PSP

 Frontier Crime Regulation, 1901 (FCR) is also applicable in the

 Policing duties are performed by the tribal levies and khasadaars.

Current Affairs by Asmatullah Junejo, PSP

Current Affairs by Asmatullah Junejo, PSP

Current Affairs by Asmatullah Junejo, PSP

Current Affairs by Asmatullah Junejo, PSP

Current Affairs by Asmatullah Junejo, PSP

Current Affairs by Asmatullah Junejo, PSP

Current Affairs by Asmatullah Junejo, PSP

Current Affairs by Asmatullah Junejo, PSP

ii. Launched anti TB, Polio, Hepatitis Programmes

V. Communication and Works:

Current Affairs by Asmatullah Junejo, PSP

Current Affairs by Asmatullah Junejo, PSP

Saturday, March 17, 2018 Current Affairs by Asmatullah Junejo, PSP 29

v. Success can be achieved in FATA with firm political commitment and

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FATA should be either made the fifth

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vi. Current economic, regional and political situation

vii. Snow ball impact – rise of demand for other new

viii. Creation of new provinces may create disharmony

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Would the creation of new provinces in