CH 1 Dynamic force analysis of mechanisms (Dynamics of Machinery)

1 1. The net force acting on the crosshead pin is known as __________

a) Crank pin effort b) Crank effort
c) Piston effort d) Shaft effort
2 Piston effort acts along the line of stroke.
a) True b) False
3 In a horizontal engine, reciprocating parts are accelerated when the piston
moves from _______
a) TDC to BDC b) BDC to TDC c) Midway to TDC d) BDC to midway
4 In a horizontal engine, reciprocating parts are retarded when the piston moves
from _________
a) TDC to BDC b) BDC to TDC c) Midway to TDC d) BDC to midway
5 When the piston is accelerated, the piston effort is given by which of the
following the equation?
a) F(L) – F(I) b) F(L) + F(I) c) F(L) ± F(I) d) F(L) – F(I) + R(f)
6 In the presence of frictional resistance, the expression for piston effort is
_________
a) F(L) – F(I) b) F(L) + F(I) c) F(L) ± F(I) – R(f) d) F(L) – F(I) + R(f)
7 Crank effort is the product of crank pin radius and _______
a) Thrust on sides b) Crankpin effort
c) Force acting along connecting rod d) Piston effort
8 In a horizontal engine, the weight of the reciprocating parts also add/subtract
to the piston effort.
a) True b) False
9 For the given data of an Internal combustion engine: Mass of parts = 180 kg
bore = 175 mm, length of stroke = 200 mm, engine speed = 500 r.p.m., length
of connecting rod = 400 mm and crank angle = 60° from T.D.C, find the inertia
force.
a) 17.56 N b) 19.2 N c) 18.53 N d) 18.00 N
10 The crank-pin circle radius of a horizontal engine is 300 mm. The mass of the
reciprocating parts is 250 kg. When the crank has travelled 30° from T.D.C.,
the difference between the driving and the back pressures is 0.45 N/mm2. The
connecting rod length between centres is 1.2 m and the cylinder bore is 0.5 m.
If the engine runs at 250 r.p.m. and if the effect of piston rod diameter is
neglected, calculate the net load on piston.
a) 88000 N b) 90560 N c) 78036 N d) 88357 N
11 From the data given: crank-pin circle radius = 300mm, mass of the
reciprocating parts = 250kg, difference between the driving and the back
pressures is 0.45 N/mm2. The connecting rod length between centres is 1.2 m
and the cylinder bore is 0.5 m. engine runs at 250 r.p.m & 30° from T.D.C.
Find the piston effort.
a) 32.4 kN b) 35.2 kN c) 37.3 kN d) 40.2 N
12 Correction couple is applied when masses are placed arbitrarily and to
maintain _________
a) Static equilibrium b) Dynamic equilibrium
c) Stable equilibrium d) Unstable equilibrium
13 The sum of torques required to accelerate a 2 mass system and to accelerate a
rigid body is called correction couple.
a) True b) False
14 The correction couple does not depend on _________
a) Distance between arbitrary masses
b) Distance between the two masses for a true dynamically equivalent system
c) Radius of gyration of equivalent system
d) Distance between fixed masses
15 In the figure given below, A and D are arbitrary masses placed Quantity L is
known as _______

a) Distance between the two masses for a true dynamically equivalent

system
b) Distance between fixed masses
c) Distance between arbitrary masses
d) Equivalent radius
16 An Internal combustion engine has a connecting rod of mass 2 kg and the
distance between the center of crank and center of gudgeon pin is 25 cm. The
Center of Gravity lies at a point 10 cm from the gudgeon pin along the line of
centres. The radius of gyration of this system about an axis through the Center
of Gravity perpendicular to the plane of rotation is 11 cm. Find the mass
located at gudgeon pin in Kg.
a) 0.9 b) 0.8 c) 1.1 d) 1.2
17 Connecting rod of mass 2 kg and the distance between the center of crank and
center of gudgeon pin is 25 cm. The Center of Gravity lies at a point 10 cm
from the gudgeon pin along the line of centres.
The radius of gyration of this system about an axis through the Center of
Gravity perpendicular to the plane of rotation is 11 cm.
Find the mass placed at distance l2 from center of gravity.
a) 0.9 b) 0.8 c) 1.1 d) 1.2
18 An Internal combustion engine has a connecting rod of mass 2 kg and the
distance between the center of crank and center of gudgeon pin is 25 cm. The
Center of Gravity lies at a point 10 cm from the gudgeon pin along the line of
centres. The radius of gyration of this system about an axis through the Center
of Gravity perpendicular to the plane of rotation is 11 cm. If two masses are
used instead of the connecting rod, one at the gudgeon pin and other at the
crank pin. What will be the new radius of gyration?
a) 0.212m b) 0.122m c) 0.1m d) 0.145m
19 Mass moment of inertia of two arbitrary masses placed will be same as the
mass moment inertia of the rigid body.
a) True b) False
20 An Internal combustion engine has a connecting rod of mass 2 kg and the
distance between the center of crank and center of gudgeon pin is 25 cm. The
Center of Gravity lies at a point 10 cm from the gudgeon pin along the line of
centres. The radius of gyration of this system about an axis through the Center
of Gravity perpendicular to the plane of rotation is 11 cm. If two masses are
used instead of the connecting rod, one at the gudgeon pin and other at the
crank pin, if the angular acceleration of the rod is 23 000 rad/s2, then find the
correction couple in N-m.
a) 140.2 b) 133.4 c) 136.8 d) 135.6
21 Force which does not act on the connecting rod is ______
a) Weight of connecting rod b) Inertia force of connecting rod
c) Radial force d) Coriolis force
22 Inertia forces on the reciprocating parts acts along the line of stroke.
a) True b) False
23 When mass of the reciprocating parts is neglected then the inertia force is
_____
a) Maximum b) Minimum c) 0 d) Not defined
24 For a steam engine, the following data is given:
Piston diameter = 0.24 m, length of stroke = 0.6 m, length of connecting rod =
1.5 m, mass of reciprocating parts = 300 kg, mass of connecting rod = 250 kg;
speed of rotation = 125 r.p.m ; Centre of gravity of connecting rod from crank
pin = 0.5 m ; Kg of the connecting rod about an axis through the center of
gravity = 0.65 m
Calculate inertia force at θ=30 degrees from IDC.
a) 19000 N b) 19064 N c) 19032 N d) 20064 N
25 Piston diameter = 0.24 m, length of stroke = 0.6 m, length of connecting rod =
1.5 m, mass of reciprocating parts = 300 kg, mass of connecting rod = 250 kg;
speed of rotation = 125 r.p.m; Centre of gravity of connecting rod from crank
pin = 0.5 m ; Kg of the connecting rod about an axis through the centre of
gravity = 0.65 m
Find the equivalent length L of a simple pendulum swung about an axis.
a) 1.35 m b) 1.42 m c) 1.48 m d) 1.50 m
26 From the data given:
Piston diameter = 0.24 m, length of stroke = 0.6 m, length of connecting rod =
1.5 m, mass of reciprocating parts = 300 kg, mass of connecting rod = 250 kg;
speed of rotation = 125 r.p.m ; Centre of gravity of connecting rod from crank
pin = 0.5 m ; Kg of the connecting rod about an axis through the center of
gravity = 0.65 m
Find the correcting couple in N-m?
a) 52.7 b) 49.5 c) 59.5 d)56.5
27 Piston diameter = 0.24 m, length of stroke = 0.6 m, length of connecting rod =
1.5 m, mass of reciprocating parts = 300 kg, mass of connecting rod = 250 kg;
speed of rotation = 125 r.p.m; center of gravity of connecting rod from crank
pin = 0.5 m ; Kg of the connecting rod about an axis through the center of
gravity = 0.65 m
Find angular acceleration of connecting rod in rad/s2.
a) 16.782 b) 17.824 c) 15.142 d) 17.161
28 Torque due to weight of the connecting rod affects the torque due to connecting
rod.
a) True b) False
29 When the crank is at the inner dead center, in a horizontal reciprocating steam
engine, then the velocity of the piston will be
(a) zero (b) minimum (c) maximum
30 The acceleration of the piston in a reciprocating steam engine is given
by_________________
31 A rigid body, under the action of external forces, can be replaced by two masses
placed at a fixed distance apart. The two masses form an equivalent dynamical
system, if
(a) the sum of two masses is equal to the total mass of the body
(b) the center of gravity of the two masses coincides with that of the body
(c) the sum of mass moment of inertia of the masses about their center of
gravity is equal to the mass
moment of inertia of the body
(d) all of the above
32 In an engine, the work done by inertia forces in a cycle is
(a) positive (b) zero (c) negative (d) none of these
33 The essential condition of placing the two masses, so that the system becomes
dynamically equivalent is
(a) l1 .l2 = kG2 (b) l1 .l2 = kG (c) l1 = kG (d) l2 = kG
Where l1 and l2 = Distance of two masses from the center of gravity of the
body, and kG = Radius of gyration of the body.