BASIC WORKSHOP PRACTICE

TME 121

Dr. David Fadare

Mechanical Engineering Department
University of Ibadan
 LECTURE TWO

Manual Handling in Workshop

 Definition

What
What is
is Manual
Manual Handling?
Handling?

ƒ Any activity requiring the use of force exerted by a

person, including,
 Definition

What
What is
is Manual
Manual Handling?
Handling?

ƒ Or move or restrain any animal person or thing

 Injuries and Statistics

Types
Types of
of injuries
injuries

External Internal
ƒ Cuts ƒ Muscle and ligament
ƒ Bruises strain
ƒ Crush injuries ƒ Hernia
ƒ Lacerations ƒ Prolapsed disc
 Injuries and Statistics

Types
Types of
of injuries
injuries

Acute Chronic
ƒ Injuries that occur ƒ Injuries that
immediately take time to
ƒ fractures, sprains, manifest
strains, slipped themselves
discs, cuts, ƒ Sciatica, Loss
abrasions etc of mobility,
repetitive strain
injuries etc
 Injuries and Statistics

UK
UK Statistics
Statistics over
over 33 day
day injuries
injuries

Other
12.6%
Handling
Trip 36.5%
19.1%

Struck Machinery
Fall
20.4% 4.5%
6.9%
 Injuries and Statistics

UK
UK Statistics
Statistics site
site of
of injuries
injuries

Rest of Torso Hand Others

6.6% 8.5% 3.3%
Lower Limb
7.7%

Arm Back
10.3% 49.3%
Finger/Thumb
14.3%
 Injuries and Statistics

UK
UK Statistics
Statistics type
type of
of injuries
injuries

8.8% Laceration
6.4% Contusion
3.3% Fractures
3.1% Other
Superficial
5.3%

73.1%
Sprain/Strain
 Risk Assessment in Manual
Handlings

Hazard
Hazard and
and Risk
Risk

Hazard
ƒ Something with the potential to cause harm
ƒ Can be physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic or
psychological

Risk
ƒ The likelihood that harm will occur and the severity of
the harm
 Risk Assessment

Will
Will cover
cover following
following headings
headings

ƒ Task
ƒ Individual
ƒ Load
ƒ Environment
 Risk Assessment

Hierarchy
Hierarchy of
of Control
Control

6. Personal Protective Equipment

5. Reduction in Personnel
Time / Exposure
es
reas
Dec

4. Segregation
ty
Safe
rent

3. Engineering Controls
Inhe

2. Substitution

1. Elimination
 Safe Handling Techniques

Hazard
Hazard and
and Risk
Risk

Hazard
ƒ Something with the potential to cause harm
ƒ Can be physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic or
psychological

Risk
ƒ The likelihood that harm will occur and the severity of
the harm
 Safe Handling Techniques

Assess
Assess the
the load
load

ƒ Size
ƒ Weight
ƒ Position
ƒ Shape
ƒ Hand holds
ƒ PPE.
 Safe Handling Techniques

Assess
Assess the
the Route
Route

ƒ Un-obstructed
ƒ Doors
ƒ Floor condition
ƒ Change in levels
ƒ Distance.
 Safe Handling Techniques

Correct
Correct procedures:
procedures:

ƒ Feet apart for

balanced stable lift
ƒ Leading leg in
front as far as is
comfortable
ƒ Feet in the
direction of travel
 Safe Handling Techniques

Head
Head up
up

ƒ Keep your head up

ƒ Natural curve back
ƒ Should feel normal
and comfortable
 Safe Handling Techniques

Bend
Bend knees
knees

ƒ Relaxed muscles are less

prone to injury
ƒ Bend the knees so that the
hands when grasping the load
are as nearly level with the
waist as possible
ƒ Do not over-flex the knees
ƒ Keep the shoulders level and
facing the same direction as
the hips
 Safe Handling Techniques

Bend
Bend knees
knees

ƒ Relaxed muscles are less

prone to injury
ƒ Bend the knees so that the
hands when grasping the load
are as nearly level with the
waist as possible
ƒ Do not over-flex the knees
ƒ Keep the shoulders level and
facing the same direction as
the hips
 Safe Handling Techniques

Firm
Firm hold
hold

ƒ Select hand hold

ƒ Use whole hand not fingers
ƒ Palms up
ƒ Elbows in
ƒ Arms within boundary of legs
 Safe Handling Techniques

Load
Load close
close to
to body
body

ƒ Heavy side of load close to

body
ƒ Reduce stress on the back
ƒ Reposition load if required to
achieve this.
 Safe Handling Techniques

The
The lift
lift

ƒ Head up
ƒ Elbows in
ƒ Firm grip
ƒ Breath in
ƒ Straight back
ƒ Lift with leg muscles.
 Safe Handling Techniques

Putting
Putting load
load down
down

ƒ Reverse of the lifting

operation.
ƒ Body begins to lower in a base
fashion
ƒ Finally head is allowed to drop
ƒ If precise positioning of the
load is necessary, put it down
first, then slide it into the
desired position.
 Safe Handling Techniques

Team
Team lifting
lifting

ƒ One person to plan & control

throughout operation
ƒ Compatible individual team
member sizes
ƒ PPE
ƒ Team member positions and
hand holds
ƒ Establish words of command
(on 3 or after 3)
ƒ Co-ordinated of movements
ƒ Awareness of team members
(walking backwards, stairs).
 Mechanical Aids

Types
Types
 Mechanical Aids

Types
Types
 END OF LECTURE TWO

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