Abstract

The gap between electrical energy supply and demand is continuously increasing despite
huge outlay for energy sector since independence. This gap between supply and demand
of energy can be bridged with the help of energy conservation which is considered as a
new source of energy and environmental friendly. The electricity conservation is cost
effective with a short payback period and modest investment. There is a good scope of
energy conservation in various sectors, viz domestic, industry, agriculture.

The planners have already started appreciating the role and significance of energy
conservation in future energy scenario of India. Here in this presentation we wanted to
take few steps to control the wastage of electricity in our homes so that we can save some
electricity for our better future
TOPIC: ElECTRICITY CONSERVATION

 INTRODUCTION

 REASONS FOR ELECTRIC WASTAGE

 ALTERNATE SOURCES FOR

FORMATION OF ELECTRICITY

 MEASURES TO CONTROL THE

WASTAGE OF ELECTRICITY

 CONCLUSION
 INTRODUCTION

The development of any state depends to a large extent on availability and usage of
electricity.

o Consequently, the State is facing a gap between demand and availability.

o Conservation of electricity by consumers is an easier way, involving no cost, to

fill the gap.

o Conservation of electricity is more essential due to the concern for fast depletion
of non-renewable sources of energy in the country.

o Conservation of electricity necessary to save the environment and the Earth from
warming.

o We cannot afford to waste electricity at all.

o Switching off electricity when not needed, maximum use of natural light and air,
use of energy efficient equipments of correct size, refurbishing of electricity
gadgets and motors in operation, etc. are some of the simple methods, which save
electricity.

o Educating the general public on the methods of conservation of electricity and

possibilities of spending less on electricity can go a long way in reducing
electricity requirements.
Here are some of the home Appliances which consume more electricity

The rate of increase in demand is getting faster with each passing year.Our wish to work
together with its consumers for raising awareness on need to conserve electricity.

It will be a contribution of both the power distribution utility and its consumers for better
tomorrow

Recognizing inefficiencies in existing energy utilization, the Govt. Of India enacted the
energy conservation act in 2001 with a view to provide a legal and institutional
framework to provide energy efficiency services and to enable the economy to become
energy efficient.

The Act envisages the development of policies and strategy with thrust on self-regulation
and market principles for production of energy efficiency in the economy. With the
increased availability of domestic appliances the domestic electricity expenditure is
gradually assuming a sizable share of the total domestic expenditure. The per capita
electricity consumption in the state is reported to be about 719 units per annum.

Reasons for electric wastage

 Majority of these appliances are refrigerators, washing machines, dishwashers,
water heaters, air conditioners, microwaves, television and others

 A Refrigerator is probably the only device which is never turned off after being
switched on. It contributes to most of your electrical consumption and can be the
source of great electricity wastage.

Window or Split Air Conditioning units are found in almost in every household
and also contribute to good amount electricity wastage if not operated properly.
Here is the piechart of section wise electricity consumption

Indrustrial Sector

According to the draft, as much as 20-50% of the energy use d by industry is wasted,
being released into the environment in the form of exhaust gases and liquids that flow out
of plants.
“The industrial sector accounted for 44% (532 billion KWh) of total electricity consumed
(1,208 billion KWh) in India for the year 2015.
ALTERNATE SOURCES

Solar energy is readily harnessed for low temperature heat, and in many places domestic
hot water units (with storage) routinely utilise it.

It is increasingly used in utility-scale plants, mostly photovoltaic (PV).  Photovoltaic

(PV) systems best-known method utilises light , ideally sunlight, acting on  photovoltaic
cells to produce electricity.

Flat plate versions of these can readily be mounted on buildings without any aesthetic or
requiring special support structures. 
Tidal energy – tidal stream

Placing free-standing turbines in major coastal tidal streams appears to have greater
potential than barriers, and this is being developed. Tidal range technologies make use of
the vertical difference in height between high tide and low tide.  Projects take the form of
tidal barrages or lagoons that use turbines in the barrier or lagoon to generate electricity
as the tide floods into a reservoir.   When the tide outside the barrier recedes the water
retained can then be released through turbines, which generates electricity.

Geothermal energy

The core of the Earth is very hot,and temperature in its crust generally rises 2.5 to 3.5°C
with each 100 metres depth simply due to that core heat.
Where hot underground steam can be tapped and brought to the surface it may be used to
generate electricity. Such geothermal sources have potential in certain parts of the world
such as New Zealand, USA, Mexico, Indonesia, the Philippines and Italy. 

Biomass

This is the conversion of solid fuel made from plant materials into electricity. Although
fundamentally, biomass involves burning organic materials to produce electricity. By
converting agricultural, industrial and domestic waste into solid, liquid and gas fuel,
biomass generates power at a much lower economic and environmental cost.

Hydro power
As a renewable energy resource, hydro power is one of the most commercially
developed. By building a dam or barrier, a large reservoir can be used to create a
controlled flow of water that will drive a turbine, generating electricity .This is another
form of hydro energy that uses twice-daily tidal currents to drive turbine generators

Wind energy

To harness electricity from wind energy, turbines are used to drive generators which then
feed electricity into the National Grid. Although domestic or ‘off-grid’ generation
systems are available, not

every property is suitable for a domestic wind turbine.

These are some of the alternative sources of making electricity by renewable resources.
MEASURES TO CONTROL THE WASTAGE

First of all the measures we should implement in every house to save power are:

• Incandescent bulb, about 95% of electrical energy is wasted as it gets converted

into heat and only 5% is used to convert to light.

• Fluorescent Tube Lights (FTL) and Compact

Fluorescent Lamps (CFL) consume comparatively

much lesser electricity and the light emitted by these lamps does not release any heat. It
does not account for any loss in electricity and are more effective and efficient.
 During severe summers an air cooler has a better cooling effect compared to a
fan. In comparison to air conditioner, air-cooler consumes only ¼ of electricity
whereas its cost is only 1/10th of the cost of AC.

 ¾ Clean the air filters of the air conditioner from time to time. Compressors
consume more electricity due to accumulation of dust on the filter.

 We can save energy by switching off the air-conditioner half an hour before
leaving the room. The atmosphere in the room will remain cool for the same time.

 Close the doors and windows when using the air conditioner so that no air enters
from the outside.

 Setting computers, monitors, and copiers to use sleep-mode when not in use helps
cut energy costs by approximately 40%

 Sometimes, when TV, Computer, audio and video equipments are not actually on,
electricity will be continuing to consumed in the remote mode. This results in a
minimum wastage of 15% of power. So, when the TV, video and other
equipments are not in use, it is better to COMPLETELY switch off the power
supply to them.

 Always use a water heater to suit you family’s need. 23 to 27 litres capacity
geyser is enough for family consisting of 4-6 members.

 6 PM to 10 PM are the peak hours of electricity consumption and hence it is

suggested to consumers not to use water pumps during these times

 Switch off the oven 15-20 minutes earlier, so that you can save power
consumption. Food stuff will be kept hot for the same time.
SOME TIPS TO SAVE ELECTRICITY

 Switch Off Lights When A Room Is Empty. ™

 ™ Don't Leave Items On Standby. ™

 When Buying Replacement Appliances Compare The Power Consumption. ™

 Turn The Water Temperature Down 5 Degrees. Turn The Washing Machine
Down To 30C. ™

 Don't Use The Tumble Drier If The Weather Is Suitable For Hanging Clothes
Out. ™

 When You Go Away For More Than A Day Switch Off Everything You Can. ™

 Keep The Fridge And Freezer Full And Cooling Surfaces

 Clean And Free From Dust.

 ™ If You Have More Than One Wireless Telephone Replace

 One With a Conventional Telephone.

 Don't Leave Mobile Phone Chargers Switched On When Not In Use. ™

 Turn Air Conditioner Thermostats Up A Few Degrees And Keep Cooling

Surfaces Clean And Free From Dust.
CONCLUSION

 Electricity generation is one of the major sources of carbon dioxide emissions,

providing about one third of the total.

 Coal-fired generation gives rise to twice as much carbon dioxide as natural gas
per unit of power at the point of use, but hydro, nuclear power and most
renewables do not directly contribute any.

 If all the world's nuclear power were replaced by coal-fired power, electricity's
carbon dioxide emissions would rise by a third - about 2.5 billion tonnes per year.
 Conversely, there is scope for reducing coal's carbon dioxide contribution by
substituting natural gas or nuclear, and by improving the efficiency of coal-fired
generation itself, a process which is well under way.

 Over the past two centuries, mankind has increased the concentration of CO2 in
the atmosphere from 280 to more than 380 parts per million volume, and it is
growing faster every day.

 The largest source of greenhouse gases is electric power generation. The average
home actually contributes more to global warming than the average car. This is
because much of the energy we use in our homes comes from power plants which
burn fossil fuel to power our electric products.

 Reduce electricity usage around the home

 THE END

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