FIRE TUBE BOILERS

(MARCH 2021)
Marco Chacon, Juan Diaz, Miguel Sarmiento,Santiago Navarrete,
Transferencia de Calor, 2021.

​Abstract-In this article we will carry out the investigation of
what a fire tube boiler is, how it works, how it is used within the
industry and which companies distribute it within our country.
Keywords- Fire tube boiler, steam, pressure, fuel.
Types and Classification of Boiler:
When talking about boilers, it is known that there are different
types and classifications, depending on their operation, models
and designs change[2], we are going to show you their
classification immediately. [2][3]

1. According to the position of the boiler.

I. INTRODUCTION ● Internal firing boiler
● External fire boiler.
T​he use of boilers in the industrial field is the great
importance since the Steam generation is one of the most 2. Boilers according to pressure.
widely used forms of energy transfer,in this particular case, ● High pressure boiler.
the heat. This type of equipment is used in industries such as ● Low pressure boiler.
food, electricity, textiles, etc. ​Boilers is a closed vessel that
has a function hating water or other liquid, steam is generated, 3. According to use of boilers.
steam overheated, or any combination of them. These can be ● Stationary boiler.
under pressure or vacuum, for use external to itself, generated ● Mobile boiler.
by the direct application of energy from the combustion of
fuels, from electrical or nuclear energy. But what specific 4. Boilers according to Axis of Shell.
function do fire tube boilers have? Here we will take a more ● Vertical Boiler.
in-depth look at what they are, what they are for and what they ● Horizontal Boiler.
do in our industry
5. Boilers according to drums.
II. ​T​HEORETICAL​ ​FRAMEWORK ● Single drum boiler.
● Multiple drum boiler.
¿What is a boiler?
6. Boilers according to the nature of the drought.
● Natural drying boiler.
Before starting to talk about anything else, we must define
what is understood by the concept of a boiler within the field ● Forced drying boiler.
of engineering, since much of the development of this article
7. Boilers according to type of furnace.
revolves around this concept and the correct understanding of
● Single furnace boiler.
it [3].
● Double furnace boiler.
The boiler is a type of heating machine, which produces said 8. Boilers according to the circulation method.
heat through the process of heating water through a fuel or
● Forced circulation boiler.
electricity, and then transporting it through pipes to achieve
● Natural circulation boiler.
the transmission of heat [1]; The boiler can also be commonly
considered in the industry as a hermetically sealed metal
9. Boiler according to fuel combustion.
container, whose main purpose is the production of steam by
● Gaseous fuel boiler.
heating water, through the action of heat, always working in
● Liquid fuel boiler.
conditions of temperature higher than those of the
● Solid fuel boiler.
environment in which it is found and at pressures above
atmospheric [2].
10. Boilers according to the position of the hot gases and
water.
● Water tube boiler.
● Fire tube boiler.
Components of a Boiler Systems: low purchase price.[5] This type of boiler is one of the most
fundamental and with an older design. These teams were
The design of a boiler has three components: famous for the 18th century, especially in train engines.[6][5]

1. Boiler Fuel System: The construction of a water tube boiler can be equipped with a
cylindrical shell, vertical, firebox in the base, space for water
The fuel system is the most important process in boilers in the centre segment, and space for steam in the higher
requires all the necessary components and equipment to segment. A fire-grate is located at the fire-box base as well as
generate the desired heat.[2] coal is fired-up on the firebox.[5] For burnt coal, an ash pit is
placed at the base of the grate for gathering the ash from the
2. Boiler Steam System: burnt coal, and sometimes it can be detached.[6][5]

The steam system in the boilers is the main control system of Parts of a fire tube boiler:
the boiler, its function is to collect and control the steam
generated in the process.[2] In illustration 1 we can see the parts of the fire tube
boiler.​[2][4]
Steam systems are responsible for sending the steam generated
through pipes. During the whole process, the steam pressure is
regulated with pressure gauges, valves, etc.[2]

3. Boiler Feedwater System:

The water is converted to steam by a feed water system and a

feed water control system.[2]

In boilers there are two types of feed water systems.[2]

● Open feeding system

● Closed feeding system

Types of fuels for boilers:

1. Gaseous fuels for boilers.[2]

● GNL. Illustration 1. Fire tube boiler, [4]

● GLP.
● PNG (it is used only to carry out combustion
for a specific purpose). 1. Boiler body.
2. Home tube.
2. Liquid fuels for boilers.[2] 3. Tubular bundle second step.
4. Tubular bundle third step.
● Oven oil. 5. Refrigerated home rear camera.
6. Front box.
3. Solid fuels for boilers. [2] 7. Back box.
8. Bench.
● Coal. 9. Isolation.
● Briquettes. 10. Combustion equipment.
● Wood. 11. Steam outlet valve.
● Coca Cola for pets. 12. Safety valves.
● Rice husk. 13. Lateral manhole.
14. Drain valve.
Fire tube boiler
Advantages and disadvantages:
This type of boiler is designed to transmit high temperature
gases using a heat source and a cycle.[4] The procedure is In the following Table 1 we can show some of the advantages
carried out by efficiently transmitting the heat from the gas to and disadvantages that fire tube boilers have.[7]
the water, thus producing its vapor efficiently. These boilers
are characterized by their simple design, easy operation and a
 Bibliography

[1] R, Jose Luis. “Caldera (máquina).” ​ComoFunciona​, 28 03

2012, https://como-funciona.co/caldera-maquina/. Accessed
02 03 2021.

[2]THERMODYNEBOILERS. “ENGINEERING SISTEMS.”

Componentes de la caldera y aplicación del sistema de
caldera​, https://www.thermodyneboilers.com/what-is-boiler/.
Accessed 03 03 2021.

[3]M. Alcazar Castillo and M. Barraza Gutierrez,

Table 1. Advantage and disadvantage "TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF BOILERS IN THE
INDUSTRY", Final Undergraduate Thesis, Universidad Del
Operation of firetube boilers: Atlántico, 2014.

All types of boilers must have their conditions for optimal [4]​SOGECAL. “Caldera peritubular.” 12 08 2015,
operation, so pyro-tubular boilers are no exception.[5] These sogecal.com/servicios/caldera-pirotubular-fabricantes-instalad
are the operating conditions to take into account. [8] ores-calderas-industriales-vapor/. Accessed 04 03 2021.

-For its operation, the temperature must be between the [5]Radwell international. “EL-PRO-CUS.” ​EL-PRO-CUS​, 04
parameters of 140 ° C and 300 ° C. [8] 2013, https://www.elprocus.com/fire-tube-boiler-working-
principle-types-of-fire-tube-boilers/. Accessed 4 03 2021.
-This type of boiler is deficient at large volumes of steam, for
[6]Rodriguez, Luis. “Calderas pirotubulares.” ​Vaportec​, 04 05
example, if you want to handle 200t / h at 30 bar and 300 ° c,
2021,http://vpica.com/las-calderas-pirotubulares-manual-de-o
you should consider purchasing two or even more boilers to
guarantee the established requirements.[9] peracion-gratis/#:~:text=Una%20caldera%20pirotubular%20e
s%20una,tubos%20para%20absorber%20el%20calor.
Accessed 02 03 2021.
-This type of equipment can function adequately with a water
sanitation system. With an approximate water level
[​7]ZOZEN BOILER. “Qué son las ventajas y desventajs de las
(conductivity) <6000µs / cm, which ensures that the surface of
calderas pirotubulares.” 13 12 2019,
the boiler that is heating does not deteriorate.[5]
https://es.zozen.com/que-son-las-ventajas-y-desventajs-de-las-
calderas-pirotubulares/. Accessed 01 03 2021.
-The working pressure of the boilers is not high, because their
design is aimed at low pressures with an approximate of 10
[​8]Franz, Ebarhard, and BOSCH. “Informe técnico.”
and 20 bars at most.[8]
Comparativa de caldera pirotubular y caldera acuotubular​,13
02 2007, https://www.bosch-industrial.com/files/fb013_sp.pdf.
-The efficiency of this type of equipment is around 70% to
Accessed 01 03 2021.
80% working efficiency.[9]
[​9] Roßmaier W.: Verbesserte Wasserdruckprüfungen bei
Uses and applications of fire tube boilers: Flammrohr-Rauchrohrund Wasserrohrkesseln, Technische
Überwachung Bd. 38 (1997), Nr. 6 – Juni
The field of application of shell boilers is quite large.
Currently in the Industry they are wideltraction and other [​10]Gemlsa. “Usos para calderas industriales en Colombia.”
Industrial applications.[10] They are very involved in 08 01 2018,https://gemlsa.com/usos-para-calderas-industriales
processes that require steam and water. They are used in the -en-colombia/#:~:text=Pirotubulares%3A%20Tienen%20un%
hospital sector, since they are used to steri processes of utmost 20sistema%20de,principalmente%20en%20instalaciones%20d
importance to guarantee the quality and safety of the processes e%20calefacci%C3%B3n. Accessed 03 03 202.
that are carried out.[7] Subsequently, in the hotel sector,
boilers are necessary to supply water services in rooms,
laundry and kitchen, as there is a lize the instrumentation
through saturated steam used for heating, cogeneration, food
processing, oil exam autoclaves, agreat demand and a
low-power heater of conventional dimensions would not be in
a position to satisfy the necessary demands for heating the all
users at the same time.[6][10]