Sura's XII Std Chemistry Volume - I

13. The geometry at which carbon atom in"

diamond are bonded to each other is ANSWER THE FoLLOWING
a) Tetrahedral
c) Octahedral
b) hexagonal
d) none of these
A OUESTIONS
Ans. (a) Tetrahedral 1. Write a short note on anamolous properties
14. Which of the following statements is not of the first element of p-block.
correct? Ans. Anamolous properties of the first element of
a) Beryl is a cyclic silicate p-block: In p-block eBlements, the first member
b) Mg,SiO, is an orthosilicate of each group differs from the other elements of
c)SiO is the basic structural unit of silicates the corresponding group. The following factors
d) Feldspar is not aluminosilicate are responsible for this anomalous behaviour.
Ans. (d) Feldsparis not aluminosilicate (i) Small size of the first member.

15. Match items in column

(ii) High ionisation _enthalpy and high
-

I with the items of electronegativity.

column- II and assign the correct code.
(iii) Absence of d-orbitals in their valance shell.
Column- Column -II Describe briefly allotropism in p- block
A Borazole 1 B(OH), elements with specific reference to carbon.
B Boric acid 2
B,N,H, Ans. Allotropism in p- block elements
C Quartz 3
Na,[B,O,(OH),] 8H,O (i) Some elements exist in more than one
D Borax 4 SiO, crystalline or molecular forms in the same
physical state.
A B C D
(ii) Carbon exists as diamond and graphite.
(a) ii) (i) (iv) (ii) This phenomenon is known as allotropism.
(b) i) (i) (iv) (ii)
(ii) Other important allotropes of carbon are
(c) (i) (i) (ii) (iv) graphite, fullerenes, carbon nanotubes.
(d) None of these [Ans. (a)(i) (i) (iv)
3. Give the uses of Borax.
l6. Duralumin is an alloy of HY_2019/
Ans. (1) Borax is used for the identification of
a) Cu, Mn b) Cu, Al, Mg
coloured metal ions.
c)Al,Mn d) Al, Cu, Mn, Mg
Ans. (d) Al, Cu, Mn, Mgl (ii) In the manufacture optical and borosilicate
glass, enamels and glazes for pottery.
17. The compound that is used in nuclear (ii) It is also used as a flux in metallurgy and
reactors as protective shields and control also acts as a preservative.
rods is
a) Metal borides b) Metal oxides 4. What is catenation? Describe briefly the
)Metal carbonates d) Metal carbide catenation property of carbon.
Ans. (a) Metal borides Ans. (i) Catenation is an ability of an element to
form chain of atoms.
18. The stability of +1 oxidation state increases The following conditions are necessary for
in the sequence (ii)
/0Y_2019/ catenation.
a) Al< Ga < In < TI b) Tl< In< Ga < Al
(a) The valency of element is greater than
c)In<Tl< Ga< Al d) Ga< In < Al< T or equal to two,
Ans. (a) Al < Ga < In < TI
(b) Element should have an ability to
bond with itself

31
 V o l u m e
-I
we
C h e m i s t r y
tor
making
water prO
S
used

Sura's XII Std (ii)

They
are

(c)The selt bond must be as strong as its clothes.

used
as ting material
insultinp
10
bond with other elements (iti)
They
are

electricalmotorand and otherappliance

(d) Kinetic inertness of
catenated
mixed
with paints
and enam
compound towards other molecules. They are resistant towar
resi
(ii) Carbon posses all the above roperties
(iv)
make
temperature,
them

sunlight, damn An
and forms a wide range of compounas
to
dampness
with itself and with other elements such as chemicals
H,O, of diborane,
N, S andhalogens.
PTA1
structure

Describe
the
5. 88. units are linked
Write a note on Fisher
tropsch synthesis. Ans. () The two BH, by
IPTA-41 bridged hydrogens.

valan An
Ans. B-H bonds and 1
Fischer Tropsch synthesis (i) It has Eight
The reaction of carbon monoxide with
at a
hydrogen electrons.
are normal.
pressure of less than 50 atm using merai B-H bonds
catalysts at 500 700 K yields saturated and (Hi) The four
bonds (2e-2e bond).
covale
unsaturated hydrocarbons. electrons are usedto
(iv) Remaining four
to.
fon
nCO+(2n+1)H, C,H2n-2) +nH,O B-H-B bonds.
two bridge
(v) It is called as three center two electn
nCO+2nH, C,H2+ nH,O
bond.
6. Give the structure of CO and CO. atom is sp* hybridised.
(vi) The boron
Ans, Structure.of CO: B-H-B bond is formed by
(i) It has a linear structure. (viil) The
overlapping of the half-filled hybridi
(ii) Three electron pairs are shared between orbital of the one boron, half-f
carbon and oxygen. ls orbital of hydrogen and an em
(ii) C-O bond distance is 1.128Ä.
hybridized orbital of another Boron.
(iv) The structure can be considered as the H
resonance by hybrid of the following two
canonical forms.

Structure of CO,: B B
Sp

(i) It has a liner structure.

Sp
(ii) Equal bond distance for the both C-0
bonds.
(iii) There is one C-O sigma bond. H

(iv) In addition there is 3c-4e covering all the Structure of diborane

three atoms.
9. Write a short note on
: Eo:- 0=C0: :0 0 Ans. (i)
hydroboration.
Diborane adds on
to alkenes and alky
in ether solvent at room
7. Give the uses of silicones.
(i) This reaction is temperature.
Ans. (1) Silicones are
used for low temperature cálled hydroboration
an
lubrication and in vacuum pumps, highly used in synthetic organic chem
temperature oil baths etc.
high especially for anti Markovnikov addibu
B,H, +6RCH CHR
2(RCH,-C
=

32
 Sura's XIIStd-Chemistry Volume-I
10. Give one example for each of the following
Ans.a. B(OH), + NH, ABN + 3H,O
()icosogens i) tetragen
b. Na,B,0, + H,SO, + 5H,0-
(ii) prictogen (iv) chalcogen
Na SO, 4H, BO,
+

Ans. (i) icosogens Boron

B,H +2NaOH + 2H,0
(ii) tetragen Carbon
2NaBO, + 6H,
(ii) prictogen Nitrogen
(iv) chalcogen Oxygen d. B,H+6CH,OH
11. Write a note on metallic nature of p-block 2B(OCH,), +6H,
elements. e. 4BF,+3H,O H,BO,+3HBF,
Ans. (i) The tendency of an element to form a . HCOOH + H,SO,
cation by losing electrons is known as
CO+ H,O+ H,SO,
electropositive or metallic character.
This character depends on the ionisation 335K NH SiCl,
(ii) 2Sicl, + NH, etherCI,Si -
-

energy
(iii) Generally on moving down a group
h. SiCl,+4CH,OH
ionisationenergy decreases and hence the Si(oC,H), + 4HCI
metallic character increases.
(iv) In p-block, the elements present in lower 2B+6NaOH 2Na,BO, + 3H,
left part are metals while the elements in
the upper right part are non metals. H,B,O, Red hot 2B,0, +H,O
Non-metals Metalloids
Group Metals 13. How will you identify borate radical?
13 Al, Ga,In, Tl B
IPTA-5; Gou.MQP_2019; QY_2019/
14 Sn, pb C Si, Ge
Ans. (i) When boric acid or borate salt is heated
15 Bi O,S,Se Te, Po
with ethyl alcohol in presence of conc.
16 FCI, Br, I
sulphuric acid, an ester, triethylborate is
17 He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe | formed.
(ii) The vapour ofthis ester burns with a green
12. Complete the following reactions
edged flame and this reaction is used to
a.
B(OH), +NH, identify the presence of borate.
b. Na,B,0,+ H,S0, + H,O- H,BO +3CH,OHnB(OC,H,), +31H,0
H,SO
C. BH+ 2NaOH +2H,0
14. Write a note on zeolites. IPTA-2: QY_2019
d. B,H,+CH,OH
Ans. (i) Zeolites are three-dimensional crystalline
e. BF+9H,0 solids containing aluminium, silicon, and
f. HCOOH+H,SO oxygen in their regular three dimensional
framework.
8Sicl,+ NH, /0Y_2019
(i) They are hydrated sodium alumino
h. SiCl+CH,OH silicates with general formula
i. B+NaOH QY2019 Na,O(Al,O)a(Si0,).yH,0o
(x = 2 to 10; y = 2 to 6).
H,B O, Red hot

33
 Volume
-I
four
contains

fourth peri
XIIStd - t so
Chemistry
which

Sura's doublesalt on
heating
at 500K giv
A (A) (B))
(iii)
which"17. metal of
gives
Zeolites have porous r u c t u r e
ne monovalent sodium ions and
in
warct
alkali
(B). aqueh BaCl,
s o l u t i o n

BaCl,aand givesa redco

a q u e o u s colo wh
molecules are loosely held. (B).atewith arin. IdentilyAAand
(B).
p r e c i p i t a t e
with

with
and
a l i z a r i n .
Identif

4th
(iv) The Si and AM atoms are tetrahedrally contains

Aperi
c o m p o u n d

which
salt
double
coordinated with each other through Ans. (i) A metal (A) is
shared oxygen atoms. alkali
K,SO,.AlL(So,),.24H,0

() Zeolites are similar to clay minerals but

they differ in their crystalline structure },.24H,0S00K

(vi) Zeolites have a three dimensional KSO,Al, (SO,

a i)
crystalline structure looks like
network or
KSO.Al, (SO,), +24H
honeycomb consisting of a

interconnected tunnels and cages.

Potash alum
(vii) Water molecules in and
moves freely out A K,SOAl,(SO,),24H,0 |
of these pores but the zeolite framework BK,SOAl;(SO,),. Burnt alum
remains rigid.
(vii) Another special aspect of this structure
18. CO is a reducing agent. ify
justify with
1s
that the pore/channel sizes are nearly example. PTA-
uniform, allowing the crystal to act as a
CO, is more stable
molecular sieve. Ans. Thermodynamically
(ix) The removal of permanent hardness of CO, thus carbon monoxide has a relatively hi3
tendancy to be oxidised to form carbon diaOX*
water using zeolites.
As it is oxidised it reduces the other substance
15. How will you convert boric acid to boron
the reaction.
nitride? IPTA-31 Carbon monoxide acts as a strong reduch
Ans. Fusion of with
of ammonia
urea
B(OH), in an
atmosphere agent.
at 800 -

1200 K gives boron nitride.

3CO+Fe,0 2Fe + 3CO,
B(OH), + NH, BN +3H,O

16. A hydride of 2nd period alkali metal (A) on

reaction with compound of Boron (B) to
give a reducing agent (C). identify A, Band EVALUATE YoURSELF
C.
IPTA-1
Ans. (i) A hydride of . Whygroup 18elements are called inertgas
2nd period alkali metal (A)
is LiH. Write the general electronic configuratis
(ii) Compound of Boron (B) is B,H, diborane. of group 18 elements.
(iii) Reducing agent (C) is LiBH Ans. (i)
Group 18 consists of 6 elements, heliu
neon, argon, krypton, xenon and rad
(iv) 2LiH +B,H,Ethr2LiBH, All these are
(a strong reducing agent) gases and almost chemica
inert. Since
(v) A is LiH. Bis
B,H
they have completely h
Lithium hydride
Cis LiBH valence shell.
(least reactive elemen
Diborane Lithium boro hydride Hence they are called
Compound Formula (ii) The general inert gases.
Name
A LiH Lithium hydride
electronic configuratiou
group 18 elements is ns,
B
B,H, diborane np°.
C
LiBH Lithium Boro hydride

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