Prepared by K. A. R.

Aspiras-Lorenzo
Prepared by K. A. R. Aspiras-Lorenzo
 Textual Presentation of Data
•It allows us to highlight the significant figures
of the study

•It confirms deductions and answers to the

research problem

Prepared by K. A. R. Aspiras-Lorenzo
 Textual Presentation of Data
Example:
In terms of relative data availability for progress monitoring of the Millenium
Develoment Goals, the Philippines ranked first in 2003 among the 11 countries in
the ASEAN region. Based on the 2003 report of the United Nations Economic and
Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UN-ESCAP), the Philippines
obtained a rating of 27.9% followed by Thailand with 25.2% and Indonesia with
24.6%. The Philippines ranked fourth among all countries in the Asia and the
Pacific Region, with Australia topping the list with 29.1%, followed by Japan,
29.0%, and Republic of Korea, 28.7%. According to the UNESCAP, the
theoretical maximum is for a country to have 767 data values (59 series x 13
years) and a country is counted to have data available when data exist for one or
more years.
Source: Statistical Yearbook 2005, NSCB
Prepared by K. A. R. Aspiras-Lorenzo
 Tabular Presentation of Data
• When data are presented using a table, figures
are systematically arranged in rows and
columns for easy reading and analysis

• Tabular presentation allows us to compare and

look for relationships among the variables of
interest
Prepared by K. A. R. Aspiras-Lorenzo
 Tabular Presentation of Data
When we tabulate our data, we are able to:
• locate omissions and errors in the data
• use space economically
• simplify our data
• use it as future reference

Prepared by K. A. R. Aspiras-Lorenzo
 Tabular Presentation
• A table can have frequency counts,
proportions, percentages, and other summary
measures such as totals and averages.

Prepared by K. A. R. Aspiras-Lorenzo
 3 Types of Tabular Presentation
* Leader Work

* Text Tabulation

* Formal Statistical Table

Prepared by K. A. R. Aspiras-Lorenzo
Leader Work
• It has the simplest layout because:
o It has no title, headings, or borders
o It comes with a descriptive text.
• It is incorporated within a paragraph.
• Without the descriptive text, the numbers will
have no meaning.

Prepared by K. A. R. Aspiras-Lorenzo
Leader Work
Example:
The population of the Philippines for the census years 1975 to 2000 is as follows:
1975 42,070,660
1980 48,098,460
1990 60,703,206
1995 68,616,536
2000 76,504,077
2007 88,545,270
Source: NSO
The 1990 and 1995 figures include the household population, homeless population, and
Filipinos in Philippine embassies abroad.

Prepared by K. A. R. Aspiras-Lorenzo
Text Tabulation
• It comes with a descriptive text.
• It does not have a title and a table number.
• The text tabulation has headings and borders.

Prepared by K. A. R. Aspiras-Lorenzo
Text Tabulation
Example:
The distribution of cellular subscribers per telephone operator as of
December 2003 is as follows:
Telephone Operator Number of Subscribers
SMART 10,080,112
GLOBE 8,800,000
PILTEL 2,867,085
EXTELCOM 29,896
TOTAL 22,509,560

Source: National Telecommunication Commission

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Formal Statistical Table
• It is the most complete type of table
• It contains all the important parts of a table
like table number, table title, head note,
stubhead, boxhead, column headings,
footnotes, source notes, etc.
• It can stand alone even without an
introductory statement.
Prepared by K. A. R. Aspiras-Lorenzo
 Parts of a Formal Statistical Table
• Heading: It consists of the table number, title, and head note. It is
located on top of the table.
o Table Number: It identifies the position of the table in a
sequence.
o Table Title : It gives the subject, classification, time, and area
segments.
o Head note: It specifies the unit of measurement of the data and
may provide additional explanation about the figures in the
table. It is located below the table title and above the top cross
rule of the table.

Prepared by K. A. R. Aspiras-Lorenzo
 Table 1. Average Occupancy Rate of Hotels by Year and Hotel Category in NCR: 1988 to 2007
(in %) Hotel Category
Year TOTAL
De Luxe First Class Standard Economy
1988 70.8 76.4 75.3 70.3 61.0
1989 72.4 81.0 77.6 70.2 60.8
1990 65.9 68.4 67.6 70.1 57.4
1991 64.3 66.7 59.3 65.8 65.3
1992 64.9 70.2 60.6 58.9 53.1
1993 56.1 62.9 62.4 53.2 46.0
1994 59.4 62.0 57.5 55.3 49.0
1995 62.2 66.9 52.0 60.2 48.0
1996 70.0 75.3 65.3 65.4 48.9
1997 69.1 73.0 69.9 61.8 56.7
1998 56.9 60.4 54.6 53.3 50.5
1999 59.2 65.9 52.4 53.2 36.1
2000 58.8 65.3 50.8 53.1 38.0
2001 55.9 58.4 54.2 52.5 41.1
2002 59.9 62.7 59.9 55.9 51.3
2003 60.1 61.2 59.9 59.0 54.1
2004 68.2 71.0 65.8 64.3 54.1
2005 71.7 74.0 70.2 67.9 65.9
2006 72.0 73.6 72.3 70.3 58.4
2007 73.1 73.8 75.9 71.8 61.8
Source: Department of Tourism Prepared by K. A. R. Aspiras-Lorenzo
 Parts of a Formal Statistical Table
• Box Head contains spanner heads and column
headings.

• Spanner Head is an identifying label for the column headings.

• Column Heading is a descriptive label for the column

cells.

• Panel consists of several column heads under the same

spanner head.

Prepared by K. A. R. Aspiras-Lorenzo
 Parts of a Formal Statistical Table
panel
TABLE NO. - Title of the Table
(head note)
Spanner head Spanner Head The
Column

Stubhead Column
Head
Column
Head
Column
Head
Column
Head
Column
Head
Column
Head
TOTAL

b Line
CENTER HEAD Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell
Total line
l caption Cell
Row caption Row Cell
o caption Row caption Cell
Row caption
c Cell
CENTER HEAD Cell
k Total line
Cell
field
caption
Row caption Cell
Row caption Cell
Row caption
Row caption
Cell

*Footnote
Source note: Prepared by K. A. R. Aspiras-Lorenzo
 Table Titles
• The title is descriptive of the table
• It answer four (4) questions about the subject matter
of its table:
– WHAT?
– HOW CLASSIFIED?
– WHERE?
– WHEN?

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 Title Segments
Classification and Area Segment

Table 1. Average Occupancy Rate of Hotels by Year and Hotel Category in NCR: 1988 to 2007
(in %)
Universe Segment Time Reference Segment

Prepared by K. A. R. Aspiras-Lorenzo
 Title Segments
Table 1. Amount of Pag-ibig Provident Benefits Refunded and Number of
Claimants By Regional Group: January to May 2002
Amount Number of
Regional Group
(in million pesos) Claimants
NCR 1,018.965 35,065
Luzon 851.725 23,846
Bicol-Visayas 598.461 17,248
Mindanao 690.665 20,429
Total 3,159.816 96,588

Prepared by K. A. R. Aspiras-Lorenzo
Almeda, J. V., Capistrano, T. G.,
and Sarte, G. M. F. (2010).
Elementary Statistics. Quezon
City: The University of the
Philippines Press
Prepared by K. A. R. Aspiras-Lorenzo