List 10

List of Proposed Problems

Mathematical Analysis

1. Numerical integration. Estimate the surface area of the golf it green using the
Trapezoid rule and Simpson’s rule.

2. Volume of water in a swimming pool. A rectangular swimming pool is 30 f t wide

and 50 f t long. The accompanying table shows the depth h(x) of the water at 5−f t
intervals from one end of the pool to the other. Estimate the volume of water in the
pool using the Simpson 1/3 Rule with n = 10 applied to the integral
Z 50
V = 30.h(x)dx
0

Position(ft) x Depth(ft) h(x)

0 6.0
5 8.2
10 9.1
15 9.9
20 10.5
25 11.0
30 11.5
35 11.9
40 12.3
45 12.7
50 13.0
3. Distance traveled. The accompanying table shows time-to-speed data a sports car
accelerating from rest to 130 mph. How far had the car traveled by time reached
this speed?. Use trapezoids to estimate the area under the velocity curve, but be
careful: The time intervals vary in length.

L. Lara. 1 c Copyright All rights reserved

 Speed change Time(sec)
Zero to 30 mph 2.2
40 mph 3.2
50 mph 4.5
60 mph 5.9
70 mph 7.8
80 mph 10.2
90 mph 12.7
100 mph 16.0
110 mph 20.6
120 mph 26.2
130 mph 37.1
4. Wing design. The design of a new airplane requires a gasoline tank of constant
cross-sectional area in each wing. A scale drawing of a cross-section here. The tank
must hold 5000 lb of gasoline, which has a density of 42 lb/f t3. Estimate the length
of the tank by Simpson’s Rule.

y0 = 1.5 f t, y1 = 1.6 f t, y2 = 1.8 f t, y3 = 1.9 f t, y4 = 2.0 f t, y5 = y6 = 2.1 f t

Horizontal spacing = 1 f t.

5. Oil consumption on Pathinder Island. A diesel generator runs continuously, con-

suming oil at a gradually increasing rate until it must be temporarily shut down
to have the filters replaced. Use the Trapezoidal rule to estimate the amount of oil
consumed by the generator during that week.
Day Oil consumption rate(liters/h)
Sun 0.019
Mon 0.020
Tue 0.021
Wed 0.023
Thu 0.025
Fri 0.028
Sat 0.031
Sun 0.035

L. Lara. 2 c Copyright All rights reserved

 6. Elliptical integral. The length (Elliptical integrals) of the ellipse

x2 y 2
+ =1
a2 b2
turns out to be Z π/2 √
Length = 4a 1 − e2 cos2 tdt
0
√
where e = a2 − b2/a is the ellipse’s eccentricity. The integral in this formula,
called an elliptic integral, in non elementary except when e = 1 or e = 0. Use
the Trapezoidal rule and Simpson’s rule with n = 10 to estimate the length to the
ellipse when a = 1 and e = 1/2.
7. Length. The length of one arch of the curve y = sin x from t = 0 to t = π is given
by
Z bq Z π√
′ 2
L= 1 + (y ) dx = 1 + cos2 xdx
a 0
Find L by Simpson’s rule with n = 8.
8. M-File: Numerical. Apply the Trapezoid rule and Simpson’s rule to evaluate the
following definite integrals. To check your results you can evaluate the integral with
a computer program. For all cases take n = 50.
Z 2√ Z π
a) 3
1 + x dx c) cos x2dx
0 0
Z 2
1 Z 2
b) √ dx d)
2
ex dx
0 1 + x3 1

9. Lake. We want to determine the volume of a lake that has a depth of 3 meters
and the dimensions of the length and width of the lake are given in the Table. Use
Simpson’s 1/3 rule to approximate the lake area.
Z 100
Area = h(x)dx
0

L. Lara. 3 c Copyright All rights reserved

 longitud (m) x ancho (m) h(x) longitud (m) x ancho (m) h(x)
0 6.0 55 14.8
5 8.2 60 15.6
10 9.1 65 18.4
15 9.9 70 17.5
20 10.5 75 15.6
25 11.0 80 14.8
30 11.5 85 12.6
35 11.9 90 10.8
40 12.3 95 9.4
45 12.7 100 8.4
50 13.0
10. Fabrication. Your metal fabrication company is bidding for a contract to make
sheets of corrugated iron roofing like the one shown here. The cross-sections of the
corrugated sheets are to conform to the curve
3π
y = sin x, 0 ≤ x ≤ 20 in
20
If the roofing is to be stamped from flat sheets by a process that does to stretch the
material, how wide should the original material be ?. To find out, use numerical
integration to approximate the length of the sine curve to six decimal places.

11. Surface. Your engineering firm is bidding for the contract to construct the tunnel
shown here. The tunnel is 300 f t long and 50 f t wide at the base. The cross section
is shaped like one arch of the curve
πx
y = 25 cos
50
Upon completion, the tunnel’s inside surface (excluding the roadway) will be trea-
ted with a waterproof sealer that costs 1.75 dollar per square foot to apply. How

L. Lara. 4 c Copyright All rights reserved

 much will it cost to apply the sealer? (Hill: Use numerical integration to find the
length of the cosine curve. )

12. Integration. An approximate map of the state of Ohio is shown in the figure. For
determining the area of the state, the map is divided into two parts (one above and
one below the x − axis). Determine the area of the state by numerically integrating
the two areas. For each part, make a list of the border as a function of x. Start with
x = 0 and use increments of 10 mi, such that the last point is x = 230 mi. Once
the tabulated dada is available, determine the integrals once with the composite
trapezoidal method.

13. Integration. The central span of the Golden bridge is 4200 ft long and the towers’
from the roadway is 500 ft. The shape of the main suspension cables can be appro-
ximately modeled by the equation

ex/C + e−x/C
 

y =C − 1 f or − 2100 ≤ x ≤ 2100 f t

2
L. Lara. 5 c Copyright All rights reserved

 where C = 4491. By using the equation
Z bq
L= 1 + (y ′ )2 dx
a

determine the length of the main suspension cables with the following integration
methods: Simpson method. Divide the whole interval into ten subintervals.

14. Integration. A silo structure is made by revolving the curve z = -0.025x4 + 32.4
from x = 0 m to x = 6 m about the z − axis, as shown in the figure to the right.
The surface area, S, that is obtained by revolving a curve z = f (x) in the domain
from a to b around the z − axis can be calculated by
Z b r
S = 2π x 1 + [f ′ (x)]2 dx
a

Calculate the surface area of the silo with the following integration methods. Sim-
pson method. Divide the whole interval into ten subintervals.

15. Integration. Determine the volume of the silo in previous problem. The volume,
V , that is obtained by revolving a curve x = f (z) in the domain from a to b around
the z − axis can be calculated by:
Z b
V =π [f (z)]2 dz
a

L. Lara. 6 c Copyright All rights reserved

 Calculate the volume of the silo with the following integration ruler: (a) Simpson’s
1/3 ruler. Divide the whole interval into four subintervals. (b) Trapezoidal ruler.
Divide the whole interval into four subintervals.
16. π. The value of π can be calculated from the integral
1Z1 4
π= dx
2 −1 1 + x2
(a) Approximate π using the trapezoidal ruler with six subintervals. (b) Approxi-
mate π using the Simpson’s 1/3 ruler with six subintervals.
17. Integration. A pretzel is made by a robot that is programed to place the dough
according to the curve given by the following parametric equations:

x = (2.5 − 0.3t2 ) cos t, y = (3.3 − 0.4t2) sin t

where −4 ≤ t ≤ 3. The length of a parametric curve is given by the integral

v
!2 !2
Z bu
u dx dy
L= t
+ dt
a dt dt
Determine the length of the pretzel. For the integration use Simpson method with
n = 10.

18. Simpson. Use the Simpson method to approximate the value of the integral
Z π 1 1
cos2 ( x). sin4 ( x)dx
0 2 2

19. Simpson. Use the Simpson method to approximate the value of the integral
Z 5 1
dx
0 0.8x2 + 0.5x + 2

L. Lara. 7 c Copyright All rights reserved

 20. Area and volumen. To estimate the surface area and volumen of a wine barrel, the
diameter of the barrel is measured at different points along the barrel. The surface
area, S, and volume, V , can be determined by:
Z L Z L
S = 2π rdz and V = π r2dz
0 0

Use the data given in the table to determine the volume and surface area of the
barrel.

z(in) 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0

d(in) 1.40 1.58 1.60 1.64 1.64 1.65 1.50 1.40 1.20

(a) Use the composite trapezoidal ruler. (b) Use the composite Simpson 1/3 ruler.

21. Area and volumen. To estimate the surface area and volume of a wine bottle, the
radius of the bottle is measured at different heights. The surface area, S, and volu-
me, V , can be determined by
Z L Z L
S = 2π rdz and V =π r2dz
0 0

Use the data given below to determine the volume and surface area of the vase:

z(cm) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
r(cm) 10.4 11.5 11.9 12.4 13.6 13.5 13.8 14.20 13.6 12.1
z(cm) 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36
r(cm) 8.9 4.7 3.5 3.0 2.4 1.9 1.2 1.2 1.0

L. Lara. 8 c Copyright All rights reserved

 (a) Use the composite trapezoidal ruler. (b) Use the composite Simpson 1/3 ruler.
22. Area. The area of the shaded region show in the figure can be calculated by
5
Z 3 !
A= − x2 + 5 dx
−3 9
Evaluate the integral using the following rulers: (a) Simpson’s 1/3 ruler. Divide
the whole interval into four subintervals. (b) Trapezoidal ruler. Divide the whole
interval into four subintervals.

L. Lara. 9 c Copyright All rights reserved