Solutions Slot – 3 (Physics) Page # 7

EXERCISE – III SUBJECTIVE PROBLEMS

1. Given
  
y = (5 mm) sin [(1 cm–1) x – (cos–12)] y = (12cm ) sin 10t  x 
compare the above equation with  2 
y = A sin (kx – t)
(a) A = 5 mm  y 
(d) vpmax =  
(b) Wave no. R = 1 cm–1  t max
2 = (0.12) (10) = 1.2 m/s
(c) Wave length = = 2 cm
R   2y 
 60 (e) apmax =  2  = (0.12) (10)2
(d) Frequency f =  Hz  t max
2 2 
= 118.2 m/s2
2 1
(e) Time period T =   v1 
60 f 1  
 v2  v1  v2
 2 4. Ar    Ai    Ai
(f)Wave velocity v =   v1  v2  1  v1 
T 2 / 60  v2 
 
= 60 cm/s
2. Given  2v 2 
 At =  v  v  . Ai
y = (0.350 m) sin (10 t – 3x + )  1 2 
4
compare it with y = A sin (  t – kx + )  
 
  2  v1 2
then  = 10 , k = 3 ,  = =  v1  A 
4
1   i , v2 1 = 2
 v2 
 10 10
(a) v=   m/s
R 3 3
1  2  1
wave is travelling in +ve x dirction  Ar = 
1  2  1  3
{  t & kx have opposite sign}  

    2
and At = +
(b) y = (0.35)  sin  3  (100)  4   3
  
= –05.48 cm 5. y = 0.3 – 0.1 (x – 5t)2 (y  0)
2 2 On comparing with general equation
(c)  =  = 0.66 m
R 3
f (x – vt)

f= = 0.5 × 10 = 5 Hz v1 = 5 m/s ; v2 = 2.5 m/s.
2
(d) vp = (0.35) (10) cos and Ai = 0.3 cm (At x = 0 and t = 0)
 
10t  3x  4  2v2 2  2.5
  At = v  v Ai  2.5  5 × 0.3 = 0.2 cm
1 2
3.
6. Total length of string
y = 2.25 m

x=0
(a) Given f = 5 Hz
  = 2 (5) = 10 
A = 12 cm so v = 20.0 m/s 2.25m
10  
(b) wave number k =   2kg 2m
20 v 2
(c) Expression of wave
y = A sin (  t – kx)

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 Page # 8 Solutions Slot – 3 (Physics)

4.5 10. (a) Avg. power transmitted

= = 2 × 103 kg/m
1000  2.25 = 22 A2 f2 v
Tension in the string T = 20 N = 2 2 (.001)2 × (200)2 ×
T 20 60
v=  = 100 m/s × 0.006
 2  10 3 0.006
Time to reach the wave from the floor to the = 0.47 w
2 dE
pulley t = = 0.2 sec. (b) = 2 A2 cos2 (kx – t)
100 dx
2
7. Frequency depends on 2 2
cos2 (kx  t)dx
source only. E=   A
0
so, at point A and B
2
TB = 80 N 2 A2
6kg
E= 2  1  cos2(kx  t)dx 
0
2kg TA = 20 N
2 A 2
= [2 + 0]
TA TB 2
VA = , VB =
 
=  2 A2 = 9.47 mJ
A = 0.06 m
vB
 B = v A 11. Amplitude of Reflected ware = 0.8 a
A
Phase difference = 
80
B = × 0.06 = 0.12 m Reflected wave equation
20
 2   
8. Given y = 0.8 a sin   vt  x  2  
  
T
= 5 ms
4 12. Node where amplitude minimum = 5 – 3 = 2A
T = 20 ms
Antinode where amplitude maximum

= 2 cm   = 4 cm =5+3 =8A
2
 4
wave speed v =  13. Given
T 20  10 3  100
= 2 m/s y1 = 0.30 sin 5x  200t 

v 2  
Frequency f =  = 50 Hz y2 = 0.30 sin 5x  200  
 0.04  3 
Now, y = y1 + y2
180
9. = = 0.03 kg/m    
1000  6  10x  400t     
3
f = 50 Hz sin    cos  
y = 2(0.30)   2   6
3    
Given 4  = 6 m   = m
2
 
2A = 15 cm  A =
15
m y = 0.52 sin 5x  200t  
 6
2  100
Wave function 200
= (7.50) sin [4.19 x – 3.14 t] A = 0.52, wave speed = = 40 m/s
5
 3 2 2
P = 22 A2 f2 v v  50  2  =  = 0.40 m
  k 5
P = 625 W

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 Solutions Slot – 3 (Physics) Page # 9

14.  = 10 m  40  3
m = 100 g v=  = 1.2 × 102 cm/s
k 
100 Now,
= = 10–2 kg/m
1000  100 2 
  = 6 cm
T = 250 N  3

Distance between nodes = = 3 cm
T 250 2
v=  = 50 10
 102 At x = 1.5 and t =
9
8
Lowest frequency y = 0.5 (at max.)
So, v=0

18. 4 loops  2 = 

 
=   = 2 =
2 2

v 50 10 5 2v 2 T
f=   10 Hz f= 
2 20 2 l l 
2v 2 T
(b) Second lowest =  50 10 Hz 60 =  0.9
2 0.90 0.044
3v 15 T = 35.64 N
(c) Third lowest =  10 Hz
2 2
v
15. Given 19. Fundamental frequency f =
2
T = 150 N Given
 = 7.20 × 10–3 kg/m 4 loops  2 = 
T 150 
v=  3 = 144.33 m/s =
 7.20  10 2
3 2v
= 90 cm (from fig.) f’ = = 400
2 
v 144.33 f' 400
f=  = 240.55 Hz f=  = 100 Hz
 0.6 4 4
16. Given 3 2
7 loopse   =
2 3
Resonant frequency 315, 420
7v
And it is a multiple of 105 Hz f=
2
so fundamental frequency = 105 Hz
v
v 20. f’ =
 = 105 
2
v3
2  75 f’ =
v = 105 × = 157.5 m/s r
100
f’ = 3 × 100 = 300 Hz

  21. Guitar string behave as a string

17. y = (0.50) sin  x  cos (40 t)
3 
compare it with y = 2A sin kx cos t between two fixed end.
2A = 0.50  A = 0.25 cm v
From given condition f =
 2
 = 40  ; k = v - 2f  = 2 × 90 × 124
3

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 Page # 10 Solutions Slot – 3 (Physics)

Now, for f = 186 3 mg

f= ....(2)
v 2l 
186 =
2
9 5 = m ×3
2  90  124
' =
2  186 m = 5  m = 25 kg
  ’ = 60
22. light string at the other end so it 
25.  40
will treat as free end so, 2
  = 80 cm = 0.8 m
(a) Fundamental frequency f
1000 100
1 T v = f =  0.8  m/s
= 64 8
4 
T
v=

1 256
f= = 10 Hz
42 4  10 2
 T = v2

First overtone = 3 f = 30 Hz
T /A T
y= 
Second overtone = 5 f = 50 Hz  /  A
{T = v2}
On solving
v 80
(b) 1 = f  10 = 8m
1
mv2
y= = 1 × 109 N/m2
A
v 80 8
2 = f  30  3 m
2
 2  1011
26. v =  = 500 m/s
 8000
v 80
3 = f  50 = 1.6 m
3 For fundamental frequency

23. f = k(T)1/2

L   = 2L
k  f  2
df = dT k  
2 T  T
Fundamental frequency
df dT

f 2T v 5000
=  = 2.5 kHz
1 dT dT 1 2L 2
  
200 2  T T 100
For first overtone
dT
% =1%
T
3
51  =L
24.  = 2
2
2 2L
 1 =  =
5 3
Now,
5 9g 3v
f= ....(1) First overtone = = 7.5 kHz
2  2L

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