Wave and Wave Motion

Wave
   매질이 평형상태에서 벗어난 상태가 이동해 가는
현상
 
    종파
     변형 방향이 진행 방향과 나란한 파동 
  
횡파
   변형 방향이 진행 방향과 수직인파동
       
        Examples: http://www.kettering.edu/~drussell/Demos/waves/wavemotion.html
　
 Mathematical Foundation for the (traveling) wave formula
　
　   
    Let's use to denote the deviation from the equilibrium.
                           

Let's move this graph by +3 and see what we

need to incorporate proper changes in coordinates.

                                 

The original function still retains its functional shape

in the new coordinate system. That is,
 Since   x' = x -3.  in  the old coordinate system, 
the equation for the now-translated function
becomes 　
5( x 3)2
 ( x)  e
Conclusion:  
In order to move a graph by +a, replace the variable by (x-a) in the original
function. 
　   
 Exercise : Find the expression for the function when it has moved -5 units.

What happens if we replace the x with x - 3 t ?   That is,      

　　 5( x 3t ) 2
 ( x)  e 동영상 파일
What is the physical meaning of "3" in the above expression?
Harmonic Waves
　
Waves that behave according to Sin or Cos functions are called harmonic waves.
　
　  

      

      

            
The function that produced this graph is  
    

  Review of the Sin function

k   2
                     
Now, we move this function as
            
 Let's take an example. l = 1 m,   v= 0.5 m/s.
 http://www.kettering.edu/~drussell/Demos/rad2/mdq.html

의 시간 특성 분석

계산 편의를 위해 x=0, A= 10 를 가정해 보면 위 식은 다음과 같아진다 .

 
 2   v  1
 (0, t ) A sin   vt   A sin  2 t   A sin  2 t
        
 v 
 
거리를가는데걸리는
v
 1 
 (0, t ) A sin  2 t 
 T 
 1
f 
T
파동의 일반적 표현

 2 2 
 ( x, t )  A sin  kx  vt   A sin  kx  t 
   
2 2
A : 진폭 Amplitude k , 
k: 각 파수 Angular Wavenumber  T
 : 각 진동수 Angular Frequency   kv
 ( x, t ) 12.5 sin  7.5 x  2.5t 
T=0 T=1

10 10

5 5

0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

-5 -5

-10 -10