Nepali-English English-Nepali Glossary: Shambhu Oja Banu Oja Mark Turin Elisabeth Uphoff

NEPALI-ENGLISH
&
ENGLISH-NEPALI
GLOSSARY
Shambhu Oja
Banu Oja
Mark Turin
Elisabeth Uphoff
second edition
South Asia Program

Cornell University
June 2004
ii
Introduction to the Second Edition
The Nepali language is spoken by around 20 million people in the Kingdom of Nepal, where it is
the national and official language. About 11 million of these speakers use Nepali as a mother
tongue. Outside of Nepal, Nepali is also spoken in north-east India and in much of Bhutan. On
account of its widespread use in the states of West Bengal (particularly in the district of
Darjeeling) and Sikkim, the Indian Constitution recognizes Nepali as a major language of India.
While Dzongkha is the national language of Bhutan, Nepali is widely spoken by many of its
citizens and used as a lingua franca across the country. In short, Nepali is a major regional
language used in numerous South Asian countries.
Nepali is an Indo-Aryan language, and thus part of a linguistic grouping which includes
other South Asian languages such as Hindi, Bengali, Marathi and Gujarati. Modern Indo-Aryan
languages are related to Sanskrit, much as modern European languages are related to Latin.
Nepali is written in the Devanâgarî (or ‘Nagari’) script, which is also used for Hindi, Marathi and
Sanskrit. Nepali Devanâgarî has 12 vowels and 36 consonants. The script is essentially phonetic,
meaning that the pronunciation closely resembles the written form. The script is written from left
to right, with a top line indicating the word boundaries.
This volume is made up of two discrete glossaries, first Nepali-English and thereafter
English-Nepali. While similar, the lexical corpora which make up the two glossaries are actually
quite distinct. The Nepali-English Glossary closely follows the content of Shambhu and Banu
Oja’s Nepali Beginner’s Primer, and the lesson number in which a word is first used is given in
the penultimate column. This 51-page glossary is organised according to the Nepali alphabetic
order. The English-Nepali Glossary does not map directly onto the content of the lessons in the
primer, but rather provides an extensive corpus of terms which Cornell’s Nepali language
instructors have been asked to translate over the years. The content of this glossary reflects the
interests of generations of Cornell students who have studied anthropology, ecology, economics,
politics and sociology in Nepal and through Nepali.
Shambhu Oja, Department of Asian Studies

Mark Turin, Digital Himalaya Project
Cornell University, Ithaca, New York

June 2004
Acknowledgements to the Second Edition

The production of the second edition of this Nepali-English and English-Nepali Glossary has
relied on the generous support of many individuals. First and foremost, without the financial and
administrative support of the Department of Asian Studies at Cornell University, and specifically
Professor Edward M. Gunn, Ann VanDeMark and Kim Steber, this revised and reworked
glossary would never have seen the light of day. We are grateful for your trust and help. Second,
the Nepali Unicode font team at Madan Puraskâr Pustakâlaya in Kathmandu have been a pleasure
to work with. In particular, we would like to thank Amar Gurung and Pawan Chitrakar. Finally,
we would like to express our appreciation to members of the Cornell community, in particular to
Anne Stengle and Durga Bor at the South Asia Program for their help with the printing, Professor
Kathryn March for her unflagging support and Sara Shneiderman for her careful editorial eye.
Thanks to Ajay Rai of Wandering Spirits for the front cover photo. Needless to say, any
remaining errors or typographical lapses are our responsibility.
iii
Introduction to the First Edition

The Nepali language program at Cornell faces several challenges that are likely to characterize
similar programs elsewhere. The number of students taking Nepali changes every year, each
student has a different level of ability and there is a scarcity of published Nepali texts and
dictionaries. Most importantly, most Nepali language students have specific but widely diverse
fields of interest. Some students come from the Peace Corps, some come after study or travel
abroad, and increasingly some come from Nepalese-American families. This means that they
have very different language backgrounds and very different reasons for wanting to learn Nepali.
Some want to work in development on irrigation or healthcare; others want to do PhD research on
questions of religious change or women’s issues; others simply want to be able to talk to older
members of their families.
It has been our goal at Cornell to teach not only basic skills in spoken and written Nepali
but to try to make our students linguistically competent in their chosen fields of specialization as
well. Because of the difficulties in locating texts and reference books to suit all their varying
needs, we have tried to create new kinds of instructional materials for Nepali which could:
(a) teach increasingly complex grammatical structures

(b) tailor additional vocabulary and dialogues to individual students’ professional
directions
(c) wherever possible utilize material from Nepalese school books, folk stories,
literature, songs, proverbs, Radio Nepal/Nepal TV, taped conversations, or other
sources not created solely for the classroom
We began the Nepali Computer Project in 1988 with support between 1988 and 1992
from the Northeast Consortium for Language Teaching and Learning, Cornell South Asia
Program, and the Department of Modern Languages and Linguistics. Our objective has been to
develop an integrated system to provide Nepali language instructors with flexible teaching
materials that can be readily adapted to suit their students’ varying numbers, abilities, and wide
range of interests. For this reason we chose a computer-based system because it offered the
flexibility of organization and presentation that we needed.
At present, the project consists of a Beginners’ Primer, a Beginning Reader, an
Intermediate Reader, and this Glossary which has been compiled from the vocabulary contained
in the other materials using a computer database. All of the words in this glossary are coded by
subject and by the chapter or story in which they are first introduced, so that it would be possible
to print out specific vocabulary lists according to topic of interest and/or level of study.
It has been a long and informative voyage from our first days, trying to produce new
materials for each level of students. These volumes represent the effort not only of the language
instructors and their main assistants, but also the cumulative questions, problems, and needs of
students in Nepali language classes at Cornell for almost ten years. We hope that these volumes,
and those that will follow, will continue to serve them in all of their diverse needs.
Professor Kathryn March

Department of Anthropology
Cornell University
Ithaca, New York

1992
iv
Acknowledgements to the First Edition
The Nepali Computer Project at Cornell owes thanks to many people. First, of course, is the
Cornell South Asia Program which is making this publication possible and which has backed the
Nepali language offerings at Cornell since 1984. We would like to thank the Northeast
Consortium for Language Teaching and Learning for their financial support of this project. The
Department of Modern Languages and Linguistics at Cornell, too, provided invaluable support
both in the basic support of the Nepali language program and in the person of Ann VanDeMark,
without whose administrative savvy any of this work would have been unthinkable. Professor
James Gair’s Sinhala glossary provided an important early model and inspiration for our efforts.
And Professor Kathryn March was ever behind the project with constant advocacy and support.
But above all, we are indebted to all the students through the years of Nepali teaching at Cornell
who have read, revised, and added to this work. And of those students we are especially grateful
for the special assistance of Christopher Scott and Bhushan Tuladar.
We are glad to be able to offer this printed version of our Nepali language materials.
However, please bear in mind that this is a first edition and may contain spelling or other errors.
We would deeply appreciate feedback both on technical and methodological presentation so that
we can make the second edition better.
Banu Oja, Shambhu Oja, Elisabeth Uphoff
Ithaca, New York

1992
Technical Notes
Work on the first edition of this glossary started in 1988 using an early Apple Macintosh
computer, a database package called FileMaker+ and the Kånchi NR Devanagari font. The
glossary was subsequently published in 1992.
The second edition was prepared in May 2004 by Shambhu Oja and Mark Turin, using the Nepali
Unicode environment devised by the Madan Puraskâr Pustakâlaya library in Kathmandu, Nepal.
The original glossary was retyped as a tabulated Microsoft Word document, checked and then
sorted according to the Nepali and English alphabetical orders. We have used a Unicode Nepali
font called Kalimati, which is freely downloadable from the Madan Puraskâr Pustakâlaya website
along with the keyboard layout <www.mpp.org.np>. The updated version of this bilingual
glossary is currently being formatted as a searchable database for online delivery.
List of Abbreviations
an = anthropology (words dealing with kinship or religion)

ag = agriculture
g = general (basic glossary)
h = household (food, utensils, parts of houses)
p = politics
v
1
Nepali - English Glossary
Nepali part English lesson subject
अं कमाल n hug g
अंमजी
े adj English L-8 g
ु
अंजल+ n cupped hands - g
ँ
अ-यारो adj dark L-24 g
ँ
अ-यारोपन n darkness - g
अकःमात् adv suddenly g
अ7र n letter (alphabet) - g
अखडा n arena, station, base - p
अखबार n newspaper L-28 g, p
अगु<ा n leader, guide - p
अगनो
े n sitting place around a hearth h
अ=लो adj tall L-8 g
अिघ, अ@ग adv before, ago L-12 g
अA n number (numeral) L-23 g
अचCम adv surprise L-7 g
अचार n spicy pickle, chutney L-3 g, h
अचल
े adv these days, nowadays L-5 g
अझ adj more, yet L-24 g
अझै adv yet, still L-19 g
अFचल n zone L-17 p
अFचला@धस n Zone Commissioner - p
अIJकनु v to be stuck g
अत: conj therefore - g
अ@त adj very L-31 g
अ@तKरL adj additional, besides - g
अथ<ा, अथाNत ् conj or L-5 g
अदालत n court, court house - p
अ@धक adj exceeding, excess, more - p, g

2
अ@धकार n authority, right, power - p
अ@धकार+ n an authority, official - p
अ@धराPय n kingdom - p
ु
अधरो adj incomplete, half-finished - p, g
अ-य7 n president, chairman (of a committee) - p
अ-यादश
े n ordinance - p
अनाज n grain (wheat, corn, rice, etc) - ag
ृ
अनावJS n drought ag
अ@न adj then - g
अ@नकाल n famine - ag, p
ु ू
अनकल adj favorable, opportune, convenient - p, g
ु
अनदान n grant, subsidy - g, p
ु
अनभव n experience - p, g
ु
अनभव गनNु v to experience, realize - p, g
ु
अनमती n approval, permission - g, p
ु
अनमान n guess, estimate - g, p
ु
अनमा@नत ् adj estimated - g, p
ु
अनWप adj analogous, similar, resembling - g, p
ु
अनरोध n request - g, p
ु
अनशासन n directive, punishment, discipline, order L-13 g, p
ु
अनसXधान n research L-14 g
ु
अनसार adv according (to) L-31 g
ु ू
अनसची n schedule, a list - g, p
अनौठो adj strange, odd, peculiar L-7 g
अXजान adj ignorant - g
अXतर n difference, gap, interval - p, g
अXतररा[ीय adj international - p, g

3
अXतररा[ीय n international unity - p, g
एकता
अXतररा[ीय n international law - p, g
ु
कानन
अिXतम adj last, final L-23 g
अXदाज n guess - g
अXदाजी adv approximately L-3 g
अXध@बँ<ास n superstition - an
अपनाउनु v to follow, observe - p, an
अ_`यारो adj uncomfortable, difficult L-24 g
अJफस n office L-26 g
अब adv now, now then L-9 g
अबँय adv certainly L-5 g
अबःथा n condition, situation g
अबरे adj late L-16 g
अ@मलो adj sour L-2 g
ू
अमbय adj precious g
अW adj other L-5 g
अकc adj next, another L-5 g
अथNशाd n economics L-8 p
अलग adj apart, separate - g, p
अ@लअ@ल adj a little (when the amount can't be - g

measured)
अ@लक@त adj a little (measurable) L-5 g
अbछf adj lazy L-7 g
अवगत ् गराउन ु v to inform, notify - g
असमथN adj unable g
असर n result, effect - p
असल adj good, pure L-26 g

4
असाधारण adj uncommon, unusual - g
असार n third month in the Nepali calendar L-17 g
अ@सना पनNु v to hail (weather) L-13 g, ag
असी@मत् adj unlimited - g
असोज n sixth month of the Nepali calendar L-17 g
अिःत n the day before yesterday - g
अिःतनै adv some time in the far past L-9 g
अःपताल n hospital L-15 g
अहँ adv no L-5 g
अJहले n now L-5 g
ँ
आखा n eye L-14 g
ँ
आगन n courtyard L-37 g
ँ ु पनNु
आग v to have amoebic dysentery L-13 g
आइतबार n Sunday L-9 g
ु ु
आईप=न v to arrive L-26 g
आउनु v to come L-1 g
आकाशबाणी n telegram L-1 g
(तार)
आगl adj next year L-30 g
आङ, Jप`यl n back (of a person) g
आचरण n conduct, behavior - g, p
आज n today L-4 g
आजकाल adv nowadays L-4 g
आजभोल+ adj nowadays L-4 g
आिnनु v to be nervous, be worried g
आदशN n model, ideal - p, g
आदान-ूदान n exchange, giving and taking of things or - p

ideas, correspondent
आpद phr et cetera g
5
आदश
े n order, instruction - p
आधार n base, support L-33 g
ु
आध@नक adj modern - p, g
आनXद adj happy, joyful L-37 g
आफq n self (himself, herself, one’s self) L-24 g
आrनो adj one’s own L-2 g
आबँयक adj necessary, essential - g
आबँयकता n necessity - g
आबाज, आ<ाज n sound, noise g
आमदानी n income (general) - p
आमा n mother L-1 g, an
आय n income - p
आय ौोत n income source - p
आयःता n fixed income (from a tenant farming - p

land)
आरCभ n beginning - g, p
आराम गनNु v to rest L-2 g
ु क
आरामपवN adv with ease, leisurely, comfortably g
आ@थNक adj financial, economic - p
आलु n potato L-13 g, h
आशा n hope L-37 g
आश्चयN adj amazed g
आसामी n debtor - p, g
ईtछा n wish, desire, aim, interest - g
ईPजत n prestige, honor, self-respect, status - p
ईिFज@नयर n engineer - p, ag
ई@तहास n history - g, p
ईuयाpद adv et cetera - g
ईनार n water well - ag

6
ईXि n God of Rain, King of Heaven (Hindu) an
ईXसाफ n justice, judgment - p
ईXसाफw adj just - p, g
ईमाXदार adj honest - g
ईरादा n intention - g
ईलाका n area, region - p, g
ईलाम n name of a district in eastern Nepal - p, g
ईःटमट
े n estimate - g
उ pron he (singular familiar) L-4 g
उL adj the above (written, said) - g
उियनु v to split, tear, unravel g
उचाई adj height L-8
उचाbनु v to raise, lift, take up - g
उिचत् adj appropriate - g
उजरु (उजर+
ु ) n compliant(s) - g
उPयालो adj light L-24 g
उzनु v to stand up, get up L-1 g
उnर n north; reply L-16 g
उदाहरण n example - g
उदँय
े n goals, aims - g
उ{ोग n industry, enterprise, effort - g
उ{ोगधXधा n industry, enterprise, craft - g, p
उनी pron s/he, less formal than ‘wahaa’, more L-8 g

formal than ‘u’
उनीहW pron they (familiar) L-4 g
उXनती n progress, advancement - g, p
उXनत् adj improved (i.e. improved wheat) - g
उपकार n favor, help, benevolence, welfare g
उपXयास n novel L-12 g

7
उपयोग n use, utilization, usage - g
उपयोगी adj worth, fitting, suitable, useful - g
उपयोगीता n usefulness, utility - g
उपरोL adj above-said, mentioned - g
उपल|ध adj available, obtainable, attained - g
उप<ास बःनु, v to fast an
ोत बःनु
उपिःथत् adj ready at hand, present - g
उपाय n means, method, plan - g
उपाय n means, way out, scheme g
उूाXत adv in the future, subsequently, hereafter, - g

henceforth
उृनु v to jump g
उ|जनी, उ|जाउ n produce, crop, yield - g, ag
उ|जनु v to come up, be produced, yield - g, ag
उ@ॄनु v to be left over, be surplus - g
उमाbनु v to boil L-14 g
उ@ॆनु v to germinate, sprout, grow, spring up L-14 g
उbथा n translation - g
उःतै adj alike L-13 g
एउटै adj same L-13 g
एकता n unity, unanimity, oneness - p
एकदम adj absolutely, a lot, very, quite L-8 g
एकाई n unit (i.e. administrative unit) - p
एJककरण n unification - p
एकै adj same L-13 g
ए•लै adj alone L-7 g
एरोमाम, हवाई n aerogram L-7 g
पऽ
8
ऐन n law, act - p
ओभानो n dry g
ओहो interj oh L-9 g
औजार n tools, equipment - p, ag
औधी adj very much - g
औलPवरो n malaria - p, an
औषधी n medicine - g
क7ा n class, grade in school - g, p
ु
कछवा n turtle -
कता adv where? (usually used for directions) L-16 g
क@त adv how much? L-1 g
कथा n story L-12 g
ु
कXजस n miser, stingy L-37 g
कपाल n hair L-14 g
कफw n coffee L-5 g, h
क|जा n control, possession; hinge - p
कमजोर adj weak L-13 g
कमसकम
े adj at least L-24 g
कमाई n earnings - p
कमाउनु v to earn - p
क@मज n shirt L-1 g
कर n tax, excise, duty - p
कर लगाउनु v to tax, insist, force - p
कWण n sorrow, grief g
कजाN n debt - p
कतN|य n duties - p
कल n machine - p, ag
कलम n pen L-1 g

9
कसर+ adv how? (by what means) L-4 g
कःको pron whose? L-1 g
कःतो adv how? (color, quality, shape) L-2 g
कJहले adv when? L-4 g
कJहलकाJह
े ँ adv sometimes L-5 g
काँटा n fork L-18 g
काका n uncle (father’s brother) - g, an
काकw n aunt (father’s brother’s wife) - g, an
कागज n paper L-3 g
कागत n paper L-3 g
कागती n lime (fruit) L-2 g, h
काज n work, duty; button hole - p
काFजी हाउस n village corral where stray cattle are kept - ag

as penalty
का‡नु v to cut, chop L-34 g
कािnक n seventh month in the Nepal calendar L-17 g
कान n ear - g
काने पसˆ adv two days after tomorrow L-9 g
कापा@लक ॄत n fast for Kali an
कापी n copy, notebook L-1 g
काम n work L-5 g
काम गनNु v to work L-5 g
कामकाज n work, occupation, business - p
कायम adj established, settled - p
कारखाना n factory - p
कायN n activity, act, deed - p
कायNकताN n official, employee, staff member, worker - p
कायNबम n program, schedule L-19 g
कायNबाह+ n action - p
10
कायN@बधी n procedure - p
कायाNX<यन गनNु v to carry out, execute - p
कायाNलय n office L-26 g, p
कालो adj black L-3 g
कालो बजार n black market L-19 g, p
Jक conj or L-5 g
Jकताब n book L-1 g
Jकnा n division, section, item (of land) - p
Jकnानापी n cadastral survey - p
Jकन adv why? L-7 g
Jकनभने conj because L-5 g
JकXनु v to buy L-6 g
Jकला n nail, stake - ag
Jकसान n farmer, peasant - ag, p
Jक@सम n kind, sort, type L-16 g
Jकःता n installment, pay - p, ag
ु ु
कखरा n chicken L-37 g, ag
ु
कचो n broom L-24 g, h
ु नु
कŠ v to run g
ु
कन pron which? L-3 g
ु कन
कन ु pron which? (plural) L-5 g
ु
कनचाJहँ pron which one? L-3 g
ु ै
कन adj certain, some L-31 g
ु नी
कX phrase I don’t know (colloquial) - g
ु
करा n things, talk, chat L-16 g
ु गनNु
करा v to talk, speak with L-2 g
ु
कर+@त n superstition (negative sense), bad custom - p, an
ु ु
कनN v to wait L-33 g
11
ु रकम
कल n original capital (wealth) - p
ु े
कलदवता n family god, lineage deity an
ु
कलो n irrigation ditch - ag
ु
कवा n water-hole, shallow well - ag
ृ
कपया adv please (formal) - g
ृ
कषी n agriculture L-8 a, ag
के pron what? L-1 g
कटाकट+
े े n children (male and female) L-31 g
केXि n center - p
किXिय
े adj central - p
करा
े n banana L-2 g, h
कJह
े adj some (things) L-27 g
कची
ै n scissors g
कJफयत
ै ् n remarks - p
कलो
ै adj grey L-3 g
को pron who? L-4 g
को बारमा
े adv about L-24 g
कोट n coat L-23 g
कोटा n quota - p
कोठा n room L-3 g, h
कोश n unit of distance (two miles) - g
कोिशश n try, effort, endeavor L-23 g
कोJह adj some (people) L-27 g
बम n order, series - p
बमश adv in order, step by step, serially, - p

respectively
7ेऽ n area, constituency, region - p
7ेऽ-ॅमण n area tour, field trip - p
खटाउनु v to appoint, depute - p

12
खŒड n part, section g
ख@त n loss, harm, damage - g
ु ु
खnम हन v to be finished (slang) L-12 g
खXनु v to dig - ag, g
खबर n news L-27 g, p
खरदार n head clerk - p
खरानी n ash g
खराब adj bad L-26 g
खरायो n rabbit g
खर+द n purchase - g
खचN n expense - g
खचN गनNु v to spend (money) - g
खचN हन
ु े सामान n consumable supplies - g
खसी n castrated goat L-34 g, ap
खःनु v to slip, fall, be dropped L-28 g
खाजा n snack L-4 g, h
खाता n register book - p
खाना n food L-4 g, h
खानु v to eat L-2 g
ु
खाने करा n things to eat, edibles (food) L-27 g, h
े गनNु
खारज v to dismiss, abolish, expel - p
खाल+ adj empty, vacant L-32 g
खास adj special, actual, real - g
खासगर+ adv especially, actually - g
ु नी
खसाN n chili pepper (hot) L-2 g, h
ु
खला adj open, frank L-17 g
ु
खशी adj pleased, happy L-7 g
ू
खब adj very, extremely L-13 g
13
खत
े n field (irrigated) - ag
खतबार+
े n cultivated property - ag
खतीपाती
े n cultivation, farming - ag
खती<ाल
े n farmer - ag
खल
े n game L-10 g
े ु
खलकद n sports, athletics - g
े ु मदान
खलकद ै n playing fields - g
े ु
खbन v to play L-18 g
खरो
ै adj brown L-3 g
खोकw n cough L-7 g
खोPनु v to look for L-37 g
खोर n cage L-37 g
खोbनु v to open L-1 g
खोःनु v to snatch L-24 g
गगटो
ं , ग•टो n crab -
गŒडकw n name of a river in Nepal, also name of a L-17 g

zone
गत साल n last year - g
ग@त n speed, condition - g
गते n date (Nepali calendar) L-9 g
गXनु v to count L-1 g
गफ गनNु v to chat, gossip L-11 g
गर+ब adj poor L-35 g
गनNु v to do L-1 g
गमˆ adj, n hot, summer L-7 g
गलq चा n carpet - h, g
गJहरो adj deep L-8 g
गहुँ n wheat - ag
गाँजा n marijuana L-17 g

14
गाई जाऽा n festival honoring cows in Kathmandu L-32 g, an
गाई-बःतु n cattle, livestock L-31 ag
गाउँ n village L-8 g
गाउनु v to sing L-12 g
गाढा adj dark (color) L-3 g
गा@ल गनNु v to scold, curse L-36 g
गा॑ो adj difficult L-7 g
गीत n song L-12 g
ँु
गण n quality - g
ु
गणन n multiplication L-15 g
ग_ु ती करा
ु n secret, confidential matter - g
ु ु
गCन v to lose, miss g
ु
गW n teacher L-2 g, p
ु
ग@लयो adj sweet L-2 g
ू
गठf n religious or cultural association, land - an
owned by cultural association
ू
गमज n arch, archway - g
ृ -मXऽालय
गह n Home Ministry - p
गqडा n rhinoceros L-6 g
गोठ n cow shed - ag
गो•नु v to weed ag
मह n planet g
घटाउनु v (tr.) to subtract, decrease, reduce, diminish L-15 g

something
घ‡नु v to be decreased, be reduced L-23 g
घडी n watch L-9 g
घŒटा n hour L-7 g
घŒट+ n bell L-9 g
घमŒड n pride, arrogance, ego g
घर n house, home L-1 g, a

15
घाँट+ n throat L-14 g
घाँस n grass, fodder L-3 g, ag
घाम n sun, sunlight L-24 g
िघःयाउनु v to drag, pull g
ु ु
घCन v to travel, walk, revolve L-11 g
चब n wheel g
चटकw n magician an
च‘नु v to climb, ride - g
चXदा n donation - an, g
चCचा n spoon, yes-man, sycophant (slang) L-12 g, h
चरा n bird L-24 g, h
चराउनु v to graze L-31 g, ag
चलन n custom, use, manner - g, an
चलाउनु v to run, drive, stir, pick on someone L-16 g
चलाख adj clever, sharp or quick minded L-9 g
चलाखी n cleverness g
चलानी गनNु v to dispatch, consign - p
चाँडै adj early L-13 g
चाँद+ n silver L-37 g
चाख ला=दो adj interesting L-8 g
चानचनुे, चानचनु n small change, ordinary, insignificant g

(slang)
चामल n rice (husked, uncooked) - g, ag, h
चालचलन n manner, behavior, conduct L-13 an, g
चालू adj running, functioning, outgoing - g
चाJहनु v to be needed L-12 g
िचज n cheese - g, h
िच’ी n letter L-14 g
िचन n China L-31 g, p

16
िचनी n sugar L-2 g, h
िचXनु v to recognize, know, be acquainted with L-22 g
िचि_लनु v to slip, slide L-23 g
िच_लो adj slippery L-23 g
िचया n tea L-3 g, h
िचयाउनु v to peep, peer g
िचनNु v to saw, chop L-37 g
िचसो adj cold (used for things) L-7 g
चीज, चीजबीज n things L-11 g
ु
चनाव n election - p
चपु ला=न ु v to be quiet L-18 g
चपु-चाप बःनु v to sit quietly, remain quiet L-26 g
ु
चरोट n cigarette L-6 g, h
चत
ै n twelfth month in Nepal calendar L-17 g
चोट+ n time L-26 g
चौतारा n a resting place under tree L-36
छनNु v to sow (seeds), spread (things), scatter, - ag

broadcast grain
छाता n umbrella L-6 g
छाऽ n pupil - p
छाऽावास n student hostel - p
छानबीन n scrutiny, close examination - p
छाXनु v to choose, select - p
छाप n official stamp, seal - p
छाला n skin, leather, animal hides - g, ag
@छटो adj fast L-9 g
@छण n moment L-9 g
ु
छ“ी n vacation, day off, break - g
ु याउनु
छ‡ v to separate - g
17
ु
छर+ n knife, dagger L-37 g
छउछाउ
े n vicinity, neighborhood, close at hand g
छोटो adj short (length) L-8 g
छो•नु v to leave, quit, give up - g
”यास@मसे adj intermingled, made of many things - g
जगमग n sparkle g
जगर n mane, short stiff hair on an animal’s neck g
ज=गा n land - ag
ज•ल n jungle, forest L-34 g, ag
ज@त adv about, approximately L-26 g
जनकपरु n city in southern Nepal, also the name of a - p

zone
जनतXऽ n democracy, people’s rule - p
जनता n people, the people - p
जनस•या
ं n population - p
जनः<ाःथ n public health - p
जना suf suffix used for counting people L-3 g
जना<र n animal L-25 g, ag
जXतु n animal L-25 g, ag
जXम n birth g
जबाफ n answer L-2 g
जमघट n gathering, meeting L-29 g, p
जमीन n land - ag
जमीXदार n landowner, usually one who employs - ag, p

tenant workers
जCमा adj total L-6 g
जCमा गनNु v to collect, gather L-37 g
जWर+ adj important, urgent - g
जलचर n aquatic animals -
जल-ौोत n water resources -

18
जलाधार n watershed -
जलाशय adj full of water -
जवान n youth, young man - g
जःतै, जःतो adj like, similar to L-13 g
जJहलप@न
े adv whenever, at any time L-25 g
जाँच n test, exam, inspection - p, g
जाँtनु v to examine, test L-30 g
जाइ ला=नु v to attack g
जाडो adj cold (used only for weather) L-7 g
जाती adj good, well g
ू
जादगर n magician an
जानकार+ n information, knowledge - g
जानु v to go L-1 g
जाXनु v to know how, have a skill L-10 g
जापानी adj Japanese L-10 g
जाहाँकw conj whereas L-32 g
जाहर
े adj apparent, manifest, noted, known, - p
obvious
िज–ासा n curiosity, inquest L-28 g
िजिXस n commodity, property - p
िजCमा, n responsibility, charge - p, g
िजCमावार+
िजbला n district L-26 g, p
जी@बका n livelihood g
जीवन n life L-25 g
जीव-@ब–ान n biology L-8 g, ag, p
ु
जठो adj impure (food) L-16 g
ु
जnा n shoe(s) L-1 g, h
ु
जनपनी adj whichever, any - g
19
ु
जCला n district in the Western part of Nepal L-16 g
जठ
े n second month in the Nepali calendar L-17 g
जहोस
े ् phr in any case, anyway L-16 g
जोड n addition, sum; force, pressure; joint L-13 g
जो•नु v to add, join L-15 g
जोuनु v to plow - ag
जोमसोम n name of a town in northwestern Nepal - g
–ान n knowledge, wisdom - g
Pयाकट
े n jacket L-23 g
Pयादा adj in excess, too much - g
Pयामी n day-laborer - p, ag
Pयो@तषी n astrologer an
झगडा n quarrel, lawsuit - g, p
झटपट adj fast, instantly, at once g
झŒडै adv almost L-10 g
झन-अःती adv one day before, the day before yesterday L-9 g
झbकनु v to sparkle, glitter g
झाडी n bush L-34 g, ag
िझ•नु v to take out L-37 g
िझ•ट+ n brick tile - ag
ु
झपडी n cottage, hut h
ू
झठा adj false g
झोला n bag L-1 g
ु पल
झोल•े ू n suspension bridge - ag, g
—याल खान n jail - p
—याल, !ाल n window L-1 g, h
टाउको n head L-14 g
Jटकट n ticket, stamp L-7 g

20
Jटका n Tikaa, auspicious mark (frequently red) L-34 g, an

worn on the forehead
Jटका लगाउनु v to wear a Tikaa L-34 g, an
ु
टबा n piece g
ु
टKरःट n tourist L-16 g
े ु
टबल n table L-1 g, h
टोप n Western-style hat L-3 h
टोJप n Nepali hat, cap L-3 h
टोल n ward (of a city or big town), street, for - g

example Thamel Tol
ठाउँ n place L-25 g
ठाXनु v to assume g
ठाम n place g
pठक adj right, okay, correct L-7 g
ू
ठलो adj big L-8 g
ठ˜ा
े n contract, lease - g, p
ठगान
े गनNु v to make certain - g
ठोस adj actual, solid - g
डा•नु v to call, summon, invite - g
डढ
े adj one and a half (measurement) L-31 g
डरा
े n apartment L-7 g
ढग
ं , ढ• n methods, manner, style - an, g
ढा•नु v to cover, conceal, hide g
ढाड n backbone, spine g
Jढलो adj late, slow L-9 g
ु
ढ•ा n stone, rock L-19 g
ढोका n door, gate L-1 g, h
ँ
तछाडमछाड adj rush, jostle, keen competition -
तuकाल adv immediately, all at once - g
तuकाल+न adj contemporaneous, of that time, then - g

21
तथा conj and (formal, literary) L-31 g
त™याA n statistics, census - g, p
तपाई pron you (formal) L-1 g
तर conj but L-5 g
तराई n Terai, the southern part of Nepal L-11 g, p
तकाNर+ n vegetable(s) L-3 g
तफN n side, towards - g
तलब n salary L-36 g, p
तला n floor, level (i.e. first, second, etc) - g
तलाउ n lake g
तसथN adv thus, therefore, on account of that - g
तह n layer, stratum, arrangement - g
ताकत n strength, energy - g
ताJकता n reminder, pressure - g
तातो adj hot (for things) L-7 g
तान् n loom - h
ताXनु v to pull L-37 g
ताप n heat L-24 g
ता_नु v to bask, warm oneself g
तामा n bamboo shoot L-37 g, ag
तामल
े n finished, accomplishment, completion - g
े गनNु
तामल v to finish, complete, accomplish - g
ताKरख n date (Western calendar) L-9 g
ताल n lake, timing in music, rhythm L-10 g, ag
ताल+म n training L-17 g
@तनी pron she (singular familiar) L-8 g
@तमी pron you (familiar) - g
@तर suf about (time), towards (direction) L-4 g

22
@तखाN adj thirsty L-7 g
@तहार n festival of brothers and sisters L-30 g, an

(in November)
ती adj, those L-3 g
pron
ु
तWXतै adv immediately L-21 g
ु
तसारो n frost L-13 g, ag
तज
े adj smart, bright L-25 g
तप@न
ै conj although, even though, even so L-26 g
तोJकएको काम n duty, assigned work - g
तो•नु v to depute, appoint, decide, allocate - g
तोप n cannon - p
तोर+ n mustard - h, ag
तौल n weight - g
uय@तXजल
े prep until then L-30 g
uयतीका adj that much, so much L-10 g
uयसकारण adv therefore, for that reason L-5 g
uयसल
ै े adv that is why L-5 g
uयहाँ, uयाहाँ adv there L-3 g
uयो adj, that L-1 g

pron
ऽमा@सक
ै adv quarterly - g
थकाई n fatigue, exhaustion L-7 g
थप n addition, increment - g
थप˜ adv quietly, calmly g
थ_नु v to give more, add more L-26 g
थ_पड n slap g
ु ु
थकNमान हन v to be trembling with fear g
था•नु v to be tired, be exhausted g
थाbनु v to start, begin L-37 g

23
थाहा n knowledge L-5 g
थलो
ै n kind of Nepali bag L-31 g
थोक n things, type, kind L-29 g
दि7ण n south L-16 g
दफा n number of a section (in a document) - g, p
दयालु adj kind g
दरखाःत n petition, application - p
दराज n cupboard L-28 h, g
दताN n entry (in office accounts or registers) - p
दशNन n view, vision, appearance - an, p, g
दशNन गनNु v to view, inspect, pay homage, - an, p, g

ceremonially visit
दशा n bad condition, state, bad days g
दशq n important Hindu festival, usually in L-30 g, an, p

October
दJह n yoghurt L-7 h
दाँPनु v to compare - g
दाँत n teeth L-14 g
दाई n older brother L-2 g, an
दाउरा n firewood L-37 g, ag
दान n gift (religious), contribution - an
दाम n price, money - g
दाल भात n daal and rice (Nepali meal) L-3 g, h
दा॑+ n beard g
pदउसो n afternoon L-4 g
pद˜ adj bored L-7 g
pदद+ n older sister L-2 g, an
pदन n day L-5 g
pदन-pदनै adj, n daily L-12 g
pदनु v to give L-1 g

24
pदसा n diarrhea L-7 g
दु:ख n pain, grief, suffering, trouble L-7 g
दु:खद adj painful, sad g
ु
दध n milk L-3 h
ु
द@नया n society, public, people, the world, subject - p
ु ै
दब adj, both L-10 g
pron
ु
द|लो adj weak, thin (for people and animals) L-13 g
ु
दWःत adj exact, accurate, correct - g
ु
दS adj cruel, wicked, immoral g
दखाउन
े ु v to show L-18 g
दखी
े prep from L-1 g
े नु
द• v to see L-18 g
दबी
े n Devi, a Hindu goddess L-34 g, an
दश
े n country L-8 g, p
द@नक
ै adv daily - g
दोधारमा adj undecided, in a dilemma (literally: on g

two edges)
दोयाNउनु v to repeat L-26 g
šारा prep by, through (the agency of) - g
धnर+
े interj oh no, whoops L-9 g
धनी adj rich L-336 g, p
धXयबाद n thank you L-13 g, p, an
धमN n religion, duty, virtue, justice L-31 g, p, an
धारण गनNु v to possess, adopt -
धारा n water tap - ag, an, p
ु -धW
धW ु Wन ु v to weep (bitterly) -
धर
े ै adj very, many L-7 g
धरजसो
े ै adv usually, mostly L-14 g
न˜ल n copy, imitation - g, p

25
न˜ल+ adj artificial, counterfeit, not genuine, fake - g, p
न•शा n map L-15 p, ag, g
निजक adj, adv close by, nearby - g
नतीजा n result, effect, consequence L-27 g
नuथी adj attached, file (of papers) threaded - g

together
नद+ n river L-8 g, ag
ु
नमना n example, sample, model - p, g
नॆ adj politely g
नयाँ adj new L-6 g
नरमाईलो adj unpleasant L-5 g
नराॆो adj not good, bad L-2 g
नल+ n pipe, tube, tobacco pipe - ag, h
नS n destruction g
नाईके n leader, chief, master, foreman - p
नाक n nose L-14 g
ना›नु v to exceed, overcome, step over - p, g
नाtनु v to dance L-12 g
नानी n term of affection (fem.), dear (for L-39 g

youngsters)
नाप n measurement - p, ag
नापी, नापजाँच n survey - p, ag
नाफा n profit - p, ag
नाम n name L-1 g
नाश n destruction, ruin, loss g
@नका@सहन
ु े n export commodities - p
सामान
@नकासी n exports - p
ु ु
@नको हन v to be cured, be healed L-12 g
@नि•लनु v to come out L-30 g

26
@नज pron self (himself, oneself, etc) - g
@नती n policy L-31 g, p
@नuय adv always - g
@नXिा adj sleepy L-7 g
@नपसˆ adv one day after, the day after tomorrow - g
@नCन @लिखत adj the following - g
@नयXऽण n control, restriction, limitation - p
@नयXऽण गनNु v to control, restrict - p
@नयम n rule, principle (as distinguished from - p

law)
@नय@मत adj prescribed, assigned, regular - p
ु
@नयL adj appointed, designated - p
ु गनNु
@नयL v to appoint - p
@नर adj near, close L-1 g
@नर+7क n inspector, supervisor - p
@नर+7ण n inspection, supervision, observation - p
@नणNय n decision - g, p
@नदœ शक n director L-11 g, p
@नदœ शन n guidance, direction, supervision - p
@नबाNचन n election - p
@नमाNण n construction - p, ag, g
@नमाNण गनNु v to construct - p, ag, g
@नलो adj blue L-3 g
@नवदन
े n request, application - g, p
@नँचय n sure knowledge, resolution, - g

determination
@निँचत adj fixed, certain - g
@निँचXत adj without doubt g
ु
नन n salt L-2 g, h
ु
नहाउन ु v to bathe L-7 g
27
नता
े n leader - p
न@ऽuव
े n leadership - p
नोकर+ n service - p
नो•सान n loss, damage, harm - p, g, ag
Xयानो adj warm L-13 g
Xयाय n justice, law - p
Xयाया@धस n judge - p
पकाउनु v to cook L-3 g, h
पछाKरनु v to fall, be thrown down g
प@छ prep after, later, afterwards L-4 g
पFच-बJषNय n five year plan - p
योजना
पढाउनु n to teach L-5 g, p
प‘नु v to read, study L-1 g, p
पnा लगाउनु v to investigate, find out g
पऽ n letter - g
पऽप@ऽका, n newspaper, magazine - g, p
प@ऽका
पद<ी n rank, title, honor - p
प@न adv also L-2 g
पXजा n hand, glove (anything with five fingers) L-1 -
परदश
े n abroad, a foreign country - p
पर<ाह n care, concern - g
पKरचय n acquaintance, introduction - g
पKरणाम n result, outcome - g
पKरवतNन n change, alteration - g
पKरष• n assembly, council, member of council - p
पKरिःथती n atmosphere, conditions, circumstances, - g

situation
28
पर<ा
े n pigeon g, ag
प@सN n the day after tomorrow L-4 g
पशु n domestic animal - ag
पशु-पालन n animal husbandry - ag
पसल n store, shop L-7 g
पहलो
े adj yellow L-3 g
पाईनु v to be available L-6 g
पाठ n lesson L-2 g, p
पाठो n kid (baby goat), sheep ag
पात n leaf L-3 g, ag
पानी n water L-3 g, ag
पानी लगाउनु v to irrigate L-19 g, ag
पालन n support, maintenance, respect, nurture - g
पालन गनNु v to support, maintain, obey, follow, - g

respect, practice, nurture
पालो n turn g
पाbनु v to tame, domesticate, grow, raise ag
पाहाड n mountain L-8 g, ag
Jपउनु v to drink L-6 g
Jपtछे suf each, every, individually - g
Jपठो n flour L-7 h
Jप`युं n back (of a person) -
Jपर n sadness, sorrow, worry L-7 g
Jपरो adj hot (spicy) L-2 g, h
ुं
पजी n capital (money) - p
ुं
पजीबाद n capitalism - p
ुं
पजी<ाल n capitalist - p
ु नु
प” v to wipe g
ु े
प•क n dwarf -
29
ु :
पन adv again - g
ु
परानो adj old L-6 g
ु
पWष n man, male - g
ु
पःतक n book - g
ु
पःतकालय n library - g
े गनNु
पश v to submit - g
पँकw
े , पशकw
े n advance (money) - g
पोखरा n a city in western Nepal L-10 g
पोहर n last year - g
पौने adv quarter to, 3/4 L-9 g
_यािज adj purple L-3 g
ूकार n kind(s), sort(s) g
ूकािशत adj published - g
ृ
ूकती n nature - g
ू•यात् adj famous - g, p
ूगती n progress - p, g
ूचार n publicity - p
ूजा n people p
ृ
ू@तकया n reaction - g
ू@त@न@ध n representative - g
ू@तयो@गता n competition - g
ू@तवा• n defense, reply (of a lawsuit), counter- - g, p

agreement
ूती n copy, number (of paper), towards (people - g
only)
ूuयक
े adj each L-34 g
ूदशNन गनNु v to present, display - g
ूदशNनी n big fair, exhibition - g
ूदशˆत गनNु v to display, exhibit - g
ूदान n act of giving (a gift or donation) - g

30
ूधान adj chief, prime, main - p
ूधान मXऽी n Prime Minister - p
ूभाव n influence, effect - g, p
ूभावकार+ adj influential - g, p
ु
ूमख adj chief, main - p
ूयuन गनNु v to attempt, endeavor (formal) - g
ूयोग गनNु v to use - g
ूवचन n speech, lecture - g
ं गनNु
ूशसा v to praise, appreciate g
ूशःत adj plenty, sufficient, abundant, more than - g

enough
ूशासJकय adj administrative - p
ूशासन n administration - p
ूिश7ण n practical education or training - p
ूँनाबल+ n questionnaire - p, ag, an
ूसार n extension (i.e. agricultural extension), - g

spreading
ु गह
ूसती ृ n maternity hospital - g
ूःताव n proposal - p, g
ु ् गनNु
ूःतत v to present, show, exhibit, declare - g
ूःथान n departure, going away - g
ूःन n question L-2 g
ूाणी n living beings g
ूाणी Jव–ान n zoology L-3 g
ूाथ@मकता n priority - g
ूाž adj received, obtained, acquired - g
ूा@ब@धक adj technical - p, ag
ूा@ब@ध– n technician - p, ag
ूाय adv often L-5 g
ूाय गरर
े adv frequently, generally L-5 g
31
ूाय जसो adv usually L-5 g
ूम
े -वाताN n love-talk g
फकNनु v to return L-10 g
फकाNउनु v to send back, restore - g
फयाNक adj wide L-8 g
ु
फलफल n fruit L-6 g, h, ag
फलानो n so and so, such and such (person or - g

things)
फलाम n iron (metal) L-37 g
फांट n section, division, a wide open space of - g

land (usually cultivated)
ु
फागन n eleventh month of the Nepali calendar L-17 g
फाbनु v to brush off, throw g
Jफका adj light (color) L-3 g
JफताN n return, refund - g
ु
फ˜ा adj independent, free - p, g
ु े, फtच
फच ु े adj little, tiny (boy or girl) g
ु
फटाउन ु v to break, smash, cause dissention - g
ु द, फसN
फसN ु त n free time, leisure L-21 g
ु
फल n egg g h, g, ag
ु पानNु
फल v to lay an egg L-37 ag
ु ु
फbन v to bloom g, ag
फKर
े adv again L-26 g
फोहर, फोहोर adj dirty L-8 g
बखत् n time - g
बगल+ n pocket g, h
बजाउनु v (tr.) to ring (a bell), play musical instrument, L-9 g

cause others to quarrel
बजार n bazaar, market L-6 g
बजŸ
े n budget - p
32
बPनु v to strike, ring L-9 g
ु ु
बटbन v to collect, gather - g
ब“ा n pack L-6 g
बढानNु v to sweep h
बढ+ adj excess, more than enough or needed - g
ु
बढ<ा n promotion - p
ब‘ता adj more, excess - g
बदल+ n replacement - p
बदल+ गनNु v to replace - p
बन n forest L-33 g, ag
बनःपती Jव–ान n battery L-8 g, p
बनाउनु v to make L-3 g
बXद गनNु v to close L-1 g
बXदोबःत n arrangements, management - p
बमोिजम prep in accordance with - g

phrase
बयर n type of berry ag
बयान n account, description, explanation - p, g
बराबर adj regular, equal - g, p
बगN n social class - p
ब@गNय सगठन
ं n class organization - p
बषN n year L-4 g
बषाNत, बषाN n monsoon L-29 g, ag
बbल-तbल adv by hook or by crook, at last, finally g
बस n bus L-11 g
बःतु n domestic animals, goods, objects - g, ag
बःनु v to sit L-1 g
बहकाउनु v to mislead, tempt, beguile g
बJहनी n younger sister L-2 g, an

33
बाँकw n remaining, left over L-9 g
बाँझो adj uncultivated, fallow, barren
बाँध n dam - ag
बाँ@धनु v to be tied g
बाँस n bamboo - ag, h
बा n father L-2 g, an
बाभा n goat (in general) ag
बाभी n she-goat - ag, h
बाट prep from L-6 g
बाटो n road, trail, path, way L-11 g
बा•नु v to distribute - p
बानी n habit - g, an
बापत् prep for, in place of, instead of - g
बाफरबाफ
े interj wow L-9 g
बार n fence - g, h, ag
बाल सगठन
ं n Children’s Organization - p
बालाजु n name of an area in Kathmandu L-35 g
बाल+ n crops, harvest - ag
बाःतव n fact, actually - g, p
बाःतवमा phrase in fact g, p
बाःतJवक adj factual, actual - g, p
बाJहर prep outside L-8 g
@बउ n seed ag
@बक@सत adj developed - p
@बकास n development - p
@बकिXिकरण
े n decentralization - p
@बJब n sale - g
@बJब कर n sales tax - p

34
@ब@मनु v to be broken, not functioning L-11 g
@बघा n unit of land measurement, 5/8 acre - ag
@बचरा adj poor, unfortunate - g
@बचार n thought, opinion L-3 g
@बचार गनNु v to think L-3 g
@ब–ान n science L-5 p
@बतको
े adj past (time, events) - g
@ब{ा n education, learning - p
@ब{ाथˆ n student L-2 g, p
ु @बभाग
@ब{त n Power Department - p
@बधवा n widow an
@बXती n request, urge - g
@बबरण n detailed description, procedure - g
@बबाद n argument, dispute - g
@बभाग n department - p
@बभाजन n allocation, division - p
@बयोग n tragedy g
@बW¡ adj opposed, against - p
@बW<ा n seedling - ag
@बWवा n plant L-24 g, ag
@बरोध n opposition, contest, protest - p
@बरोधी adj antagonistic, hostile, opposed - p
@बसNन ु v to forget L-11 g
@बँवJव{ालय n university L-23 g
@बँ<ाशी adj faithful, sure, reliable - g
@बँ<ास n confidence, faith, trust, belief - g, an
@ब¢ास गराउनु v to convince - g, an
@बहान n morning L-4 g

35
@बJहबार n Thursday - g
ु
बझाउन ु v to explain - g
ु ु
ब—न v to understand L-24 g
ु
बधबार n Wednesday L-8 g
ु
बहार+ n daughter-in-law, younger brother's wife an
ृ
बnी n profession, occupation - p
ृ
बJ¡ n growth - g
बईPजती
े n insult g
े ु
बtन v to sell L-37 g
बमतलब
े adj meaningless - g, p
बमौका
े n inopportune time, untimely - an, g
बे@ल@बःतार adv description in all its details p

phrase
े ु
बलका n evening L-4 g
बस
े adj fine, good - g
बसर+
े adv excessively, amply - g
बठक
ै n meeting - p
बरा=य
ै n frustration, depression -
बोट n plant, tree - ag
बोधाथN n circular - p
बोरा n sack - g
बोbनु v to speak - g
|यिn n individual (person) - g
|यबःथा n administration, arrangement, - p

management, authorization
|यबहार n use, manner, treatment, practice - p
|यबहार+क adj practical, in common use, routine - p
|यहोरा, बहोरा
े n points, details, body of writing - p
|याज n interest (financial) - p
|यापार n trade, occupation, business - g, p

36
|या_त adj full, widespread, extensive, pervasive g
भगवान n God - an, g
भnा n allowance (i.e. for travel) - p
भदौ n fifth month in Nepali calendar L-17 g
भXनु v to tell, say L-1 g
भ@बँय n future - g, p, an
भयAर adj fearful, dreadful, ferocious g
भयानक adj terrible L-36 g
भरे adj later on, afterwards - g
भनNु v to fill - g
भलो adj good, fine - g
भवद+य adv sincerely - g, p
भवन n building - g
भवन @बभाग n Building Department - p
भाँडा n utensil (general) L-31 g
भाई n younger brother L-2 g, an
भाग n part, section L-2 g, an
भाडा n rent, hire - g
भाXछा n kitchen L-15 g, h
भाXजा n sister’s son an
भार+, भार n load, burden g, ag
भालु n bear g
भाले n male (for animals) - ag
भावना n attitude, way of thinking or feeling - p, an
भाषण n speech, lecture - g, p
भाषा n language L-4 g
भाषा पाठशाला n language school - g, p
@भऽ prep inside L-8 g

37
ु
भईकटर n pineapple L-6 g, h
ु
भगोल n geography L-5 g, p
ु
भuला n fur g
ु सधार
भमी ु n land reform - p, ag
ू ू स@नक
भतपवN ै n Ex-Soldier’s Organization - p
सगठन
ं
भŸ
े n meeting, visit, interview - p
े ु
भ‡न v to meet L-1 g
भडा
े n sheep ag
भदन
े गनNु v to pierce, make a hole in; bewitch g
भोक adj hungry L-7 g
भोकमर+ n famine - p, ag, an
भोज n party L-7 g
भोल+ adv tomorrow L-4 g
भौ@तक शाd n physics L-8 g
ु
£यागतो n frog -
ॅमण n tour, field trip - p, ag
म pron I L-1 g
म•स• n purpose - g
म•ल n joy, happiness; Mars - g
म•लवार n Tuesday - g
म•@सर n eighth month of the Nepali calendar L-17 g
म“ीतल
े n kerosene - h, g
मŒडल n group or bunch of people, orbit, an

congregation
मतलब n aim, intention, meaning - g
मदत गनNु v to help L-34 g
म-यम वगN n middle-class - p
मन n mind L-5 g
38
मन पनNु v to like L-5 g
मन ला=नु v to feel like L-5 g
मनसाय n intention, desire g
मनाई, मनाह+ n ban, prohibition - g, p
मनाउनु v to celebrate L-36 g
मनोर¤न n entertainment - g
मXऽालय n Ministry - p
मXऽी n Minister - p
मिXदर n temple L-17 g, an
मरमत n repair(s) - g
मरमत गनNु v to repair L-36 g
मल n manure ag
मशलXद adj miscellaneous - g
मसाXत n last day of the month - g
मसी n ink - g
मसौदा n draft (of a paper) - g
मह•ो adj expensive L-10 g
महu< n importance, value - g
ू
महu<पणN adj important - g
ू
महशल n tax, rent, duty, excise, fee - p
ु
महसस n realization, feeling - g
ु गनNु
महसस v to realize - g
महादश
े n continent L-8 g, p
मJहना n month L-10 g
मJहला सगठन
ं n Women’s Organization - g, p
महोदय n sir, gentleman - g, p, an
मा prep in, on, at L-1 g
माइजु n mother’s brother’s wife L-2 an

39
ु बक
माइनट ु n minute book (of meetings) - p
माग n demand - g
मा=नु v to ask, demand, beg L-27 g
माघ n tenth month in the Nepali calendar L-17 g
माछा n fish L-35 g, h
माछा पोखर+ n fish pond - ag
माझ n middle L-31 g
माटो n soil L-20 g, ag
माऽ adj only L-6 g
मादक पदाथN n intoxicating substance - g
मान n respect, rank - g
मानव शाd n anthropology L-8 g, an, p
मानसरोबर n name of a lake in Tibet L-22 g
मा@नस n person L-3 g
माXछे n person L-3 g
माXनु v to agree, obey, respect, follow or practice L-36 g

(a religion)
माफ गनNु v to excuse, pardon L-10 g
मामा n mother’s brother L-2 g, an
माया गनNु v to love L-36 g
मागN n avenue, road - g
मानNु v to kill L-36 g
माफNत prep care of, through, via - g
माल n goods, freight L-26 g
माल अ¥ा n Revenue Office - p
मासु n meat L-6 h
@मठो adj tasty L-2 g
@मती n date (general) L-9 g
@मऽता n friendship L-31 g

40
@मलनसार adj friendly L-8 g
@मलाउनु v to bring together, join, adjust, reconcile, - g

fix
@मसाउनु v to mix L-16 g
@मdी n mechanic, wood worker, mason - ag, p, g
े गनNु
@मJहनत v to work hard L-25 g
@मJहनती
े adj diligent L-25 g
ु
मLीनाथ n name of a religious site in western Nepal L-22 g
ु
मख n mouth, face L-14 g
ु
मखीया n headman of a village, patriarch, senior - p, ag
clerk
ु ै ु
मजमजा adj wrinkled g
ु
म’ी n handful, palm g
ु
मता@बक adj in accordance with - g
ु
म¦ा n court-case, law-suit -
ु
मनाफा n profit - g
ु
मखN adj stupid g
ु
मतˆ n statue L-20 g
ु ू
मलक n country, state - p
ु ू
मलकw ऐन n national laws, legal code - p
ु
मbय n value, worth, price - g
ु
मbया§न n evaluation - g
ु
मिँकल adj difficult L-23 g
ु
मःता• n a district in northern Nepal L-16 g
ू ु
मलसऽ n elements, rudiments - g
ृ
मग n deer g
मच
े n chair L-1 g, h
मल
े n agreement, accord - g
मदान
ै n open field - g
मोजा n socks L-1 g, h

41
मोटो adj fat, healthy L-13 g
मो@त n pearl g
मोल n price, cost - g
मोह+ n tenant or sharecropper - g, p
मौका n chance, opportunity, occasion - g
मौसम n weather L-17 g
Cयाद n due date, time limit - g
यpद conj if L-18 g
यसकारण adv for this reason, so L-5 g
यसल
ै े adv this is why L-5 g
यहाँ, याहाँ adv here L-3 g
याक n yak L-6 g
यातायात् n transportation - g
याद गनNु v to memorize, remember L-26 g
याहाँ adj here (also very polite for ‘you’) L-22 g
Jय pron these L-3 g
यो pron this L-1 g
यो चाJहँ pron this one L-3 g
यो=यता n qualification - g
योजना n written plan, project - g
र conj and L-2 g
रकम n sum, amount, kind, sort, item - g
र7ा n protection g
र•सी n rakshi, alcohol, hard liquor L-10 g, h
र•सी ला=नु v to be drunk L-16 g
र• n color L-3 g
रJ•-चJ• adj multicolored L-3 g
रuन पाकN n name of a park in Kathmandu L-36 g

42
रमाईलो adj pleasant L-5 g
रसायन शाd n chemistry L-8 g, p
र@सद n receipt - g
रहनु v to be found, remain L-22 g
रहर n desire L-29 g
रा•नु v to put, keep L-3 g
ु
राजदत n ambassador - p
राजधानी n capital L-17 g, p
राजनी@त n politics - p
राजनी@त शाd n political science L-8 g, p
राजन@तक
ै adj political - p
राती n night L-4 g
रातो n red L-3 g
राॆो adj good, beautiful L-2 g
राय n opinion, idea - g
रा[प@त n president - p
राJ[य adj national L-18 g, p
KरL ःथान n vacancy (place) - g
Kरnो adj vacant - g
Wख n tree L-25 g, ag
Wघा n cold (sickness) L-7 g
Wनु v to cry L-36 g
Wप n form, appearance, shape - g
WJपया n rupee (primary unit of currency in Nepal) L-5 g
रे particle used at the end of a phrase or sentence - g

when information is second hand or
reported
रख े गनNु
े दख v to supervise, look after - g
र@डयो
े n radio L-18 g
43
रोग n disease L-31 g
रोट+ n bread L-34 g, h
रोटे Jप• n ferris wheel L-34 g
रोपनी n land measurement common in the hills - ag
ल interj well, okay L-9 g
लआय n aim, target, goal - g
लखपती n millionaire - g, p
लगत n cost, price - g
लगाउनु v to wear, put on (clothes); grow grain L-19 g, h
ल=नु v to take with L-27 g
ला@ग prep for L-12 g
लाग ु गनNु v to apply, implement - g
ला=नु v to feel like, assume L-7 g
लाभ n gain, advantage, profit - g
लामो adj long L-8 g
@लिखत adj written - g
@ल• n gender - g, an
@ल•े Jप• n long rope swing tied to four bamboo - g

trees
@लनु v to take L-5 g
लखक
े n writer, author - g
े नु
ल• v to write L-1 g, p
लजा
ै नु v to bring with, carry away L-27 g
लोक n people, world, planet, universe g, p
लोकसवा
े n public service - p
लोभी adj greedy L-37 g
लौ interj well, okay L-9 g
bयाउनु v to bring L-26 g
<टा suf used for counting inanimate objects L-3 g

44
वडानNु v to sweep L-24 g
वहाँ pron s/he (formal) L-1 g
शका
ं n doubt, suspicion - g
श@न n Saturn (planet) -
श@नबार n Saturday - -
शाखा n branch (of a Department or Ministry) - p
शािXत n peace - g
शािXत सवा
े n Peace Corps - g
िश7क n teacher L-17 g, p
िशि7त adj educated L-21 g, p
शीय adv at once, immediately, soon - g
ु
शब n Venus (planet) -
ु
शबबार n Friday - -
ु
श¡ adj clear, pure, correct - g
ु
शभ adj good, auspicious L-22 g
ौम n labor, toil - g
ौमदान n voluntary labor - g, p
ौीमती n Mrs, wife - g
ौीमान n Mr, husband - g
सकटका@लन
ं n emergency L-33 g
सकत
ं े n sign, code, gesture, hint, symbol - g
स•या
ं n numbers L-1 g
ँ
सग prep with L-3 g
सगठन
ं n organization - p
सचालक
ं n director, conductor - p, g
सचालक
ं स@म@त n directing council, executive committee - p
सचालन
ं n use, direction - g
सचालन
ं गनNु v to direct, conduct, execute - g
45
सच
ं ै adj fine, well, good L-4 g
ं ु
सयn adj combined, united, joined - g
ं ु रा[हW
सयn n United Nations - p
ससार
ं n world L-8 g
ं ृ
सःकती n culture L-29 g, p, an
सःथा
ं n institution, organization - p
सJकनु v to be finished L-37 g
स•नु v to be able, can L-9 g
सघाउनु v to help, assist g, p
सJ•त n music L-18 g
सिचब n secretary - g
सजाईनु v to be decorated g
सिजलो adj easy, simple L-7 g
स“ामा prep instead of L-37 g
सडक n road L-6 g
सडक@बभाग n Department of Roads - p
सuयता n reality, truth - g
सदर n capital, place of control; approval, - p

sanction
ु
सदर मकाम n headquarters - p
सदःय n member - p
सदःयता n membership - p
सधq adv always L-5 g
स@नबार n Saturday L-9 g
सXतोष, सXतोस n satisfied, satisfaction g
ु
सXमख prep face to face - g
सफा adj clean L-8 g
सबा n quarter L-9 g
सबरेै n early morning, dawn L-37 g

46
सबै adj all L-7 g
समय n time L-12 g
समथN adj powerful, capable, able - g
समथNन n support, corroboration, ratification - g
समःया n problem - g
समाज साd n sociology L-8 g, p
समाuनु v to catch, grab, hold L-36 g
स@म@त n council, committee - p
ु
समदान n community - p
ु
समदायीक adj community - p
े ्
समत adv including, together - g
सCझाउनु v to remind, counsel, convince L-36 g, p
सCपती n wealth, property g
सCप© adj completed, accomplished, well-off (i.e. a - g

family)
सCपकN n contact, relationship - g
ू
सCपणN adj complete, all, whole - g
सCबिXधत adj the concerned - g
सCबXधी n concerning, related to - g
सCभाJवत adj probable - g
सCम prep up to, up until L-1 g
सCमती n approval - g
सCमलन
े n meeting, conference - p
सCसोधन n correction, amendment, revision - g
सय n hundred L-3 g
सर˜ adv without asking permission g
सरासर adj without stopping g
सW<ा adj transferred, contagious - p
सकाNर n government L-22 g, p

47
सनNु v to transfer, shift, move (to a new house) - g
सबœ 7ण n supervision, survey, inspection - p
सलाई n matches (to light a fire) - g, h
सbलाह n advice L-36 g
सःतो adj cheap L-10 g
सहगाउनु, v to help, assist L-34 g, p
सगाउनु
सह@नय adj bearable g
सहयोग n cooperation, assistance L-34 g, p
सहर n city L-8
ु
सांगरो adj narrow L-8 g
सांझ n evening L-4 g
ृ
साँःक@तक adj cultural - an, p
साईकल n bicycle g
साउन n fourth month in the Nepali calendar L-17 g
सा7ार adj literate L-21 g, p
साग बार+ n vegetable garden - ag
साढे n half, half past (time) L-9 g
साथी n friend L-2 g
साधन n resources, aids, means, equipment - g
साधारण adj ordinary, simple - g
सानो adj little, small L-8 g
साम™यN n power, strength, ability, vigor - g
सामु prep in front g
ू
सामJहक adj collective, group - p
साCयबाद n communism - p
सायद adv perhaps L-12 g
सारा adj all g

48
साबNज@नक adj public - p
सास n breath L-25 g
े ु
सास फनN v to breathe L-25 g
साहजी
ु n shopkeeper (male) L-5 g
साहनी
ु n shopkeeper (female) L-6 g
साहब
े n sir L-12 g
सा॑ै adj very L-33 g
@सकमˆ n carpenter - g
@सकाउनु v to teach L-1 g
@स•नु v to learn L-1 g
@स7ा n education L-10 g, p
@सचाई n irrigation - ag
@सतार n sitaar (a musical string instrument) - g
@सत् n dew L-13 g
@सधा adj straight, fair - g
@सधाXत n principles, doctrines, ideology - g
@स@धनु v to be finished L-13 g
@सनमा
े n cinema, movie, film L-10 g
@सप n skill - p
@सपालु adj skilled, skillful - g
@सफाKरस n recommendation - g
@स@मत adj limited - g
@सलाई n sewing, needlework L-26 g
@ससा n glass, lead (material) - g
ु
सई n injection - g
ु ु
सकCबासी n person without land, homeless - ag, p
ु
सबबार n Friday L-9 g
ु
सखी adj happy g
49
ु
स=घर ु
, स=घर+ adj neat, clean L-25 g
ु
सचना n information, notice - g
ु
सचना पाट+ n notice board L-12 g
सuु न ु v to sleep L-2 g
ु
स¡ adj correct L-24 g
ु
सधार n improvement, reform - g, p
ु
सधानN ु v to improve, reform, correct L-33 g, p
ु
सन n gold L-37 g
ु
सXतला n orange (fruit) L-2 g, h
सुXनु v to listen, hear L-4 g
ु
स@बधा n convenience, comfort, facility - g
ु
स|बा n highest rank of civil officer, also a - p
respectable term of address
ु गनNु
सW v to start, begin L-13 g
ु -सW
सW ु adv immediately, without stopping - g
ू
सिचत adj informed - g
ू
सिचत ् गनNु v to inform - g
ू , सचीपऽ
सची ू n catalog, index - g
ू
सझाब ू
, सझाउ n suggestion - g
सतो
े adj white L-4 g
सना
े n army, corps - g, p
सयर
े n share (i.e. financial), partnership - g, p
सल
े रोट+ n a donut-like bread L-34 h
सवा
े n service - g, p
सोtनु v to think L-37 g
सोझो adj straight, fair, honest - g
सो-नु v to ask L-2 g
सोमबार n Monday L-9 g
सोह+ adj same - g

50
ःतर n level, standard L-34 g
ःथान n place, position - g
ःथानीय adj local - g
िःथ@त n situation, conditions, circumstances - g
ःपS adj clear, plain, evident - g
ःयाउ n apple L-2 g, h
ॐःता
े n account book, book keeping - g, p
ॐोत् n source - g
ः<दश
े n native country, homeland - g, p
ः<दशी
े n native (for a country) - g, p
ः<भाव n nature, disposition L-25 g
ु
ः<यCभनाथ n largest Buddhist temple in the world, - g, p
located in Kathmandu
ः<गN n heaven - g, an
ः<ाद n taste - g
ः<ाpदलो adj tasty L-34 g
ः<ाभाJवक adj natural, inherent - g
ः<ाथN n self-interest - g
ः<ाथˆ adj selfish - g
ः<ाःथ, ः<ाः™य n health L-24 g
हजार n thousand L-3 g
हजरु adv yes please (formal), excuse me L-1 g
हजरु आमा n grandmother L-2 g, an
हजरु बा n grandfather L-2 g, an
हnर+
े interj oh no, whoops L-9 g
हKरयो adj green L-3 g
हW suf used to make nouns plural L-3 g
हरक
े adj every L-34 g
हbला n noise L-18 g

51
ह<ाईजहाज n airplane L-4 g
हस, ह<स् adv okay (polite affirmative) L-6 g
हाँगा n branch g
हा•नु v to drive L-21 g
हाड n bone g
हाnी n elephant L-10 g
हामीहW pron we L-4 g
हालत n condition g
हाbनु v to set, place, put into L-23 g
हा<ा n wind, air L-24 g
हाःनु v to laugh L-36 g
Jहउँ n snow L-13 g
Jहजो n yesterday L-4 g
Jहजो आज adj nowadays L-5 g
Jहडर
े adv by foot (walking) L-16 g
JहXद+ n Hindi language L-10 g
JहXदु adj, n Hindu L-17 g
Jहरा n diamond g
Jहलो n, adj mud, muddy L-23 g, ag
Jहसाब n math, account, sum L-5 g, p
ु ु
हन v to be L-5 g
हलाकw
ु n postman L-31 g
े ु
हनN v to look, watch L-3 g
होचो adj short (height) L-8 g
होला adv maybe L-5 g

52
53
English - Nepali Glossary
English part Nepali subject
abandon v छो#नु, &या)नु g

able (to be) v स+नु g
about prep को बारमा
े g
above prep मा1थ, अ1त g
above (said) adj उपरो7 g
absolutely adv ु , पण=
एकदम, 1ब:कल ु >पले g
accept v अपनाउनु, िःवकार गन=ु g
accomplish v ू गन=,ु परा
पण= ु गन=ु g
accomplished (successful) adj सDपEन, यो)य, ू1बण, पारGत g
according (to) v ु , बमोिजम, माIफक
अनसार g
account (description) n बयान g
account (financial) n हरIहसाब g
account-book n ौःता
े , बहM g
acknowledge v माEनु, िःवकार गन=,ु ूाNी, सचना
ु Qदनु g
act n काय=, काम g
act (law) n ऐन g, p
acting adj ु
कायम-मकायम, काय=कारM g
actions n काबा=हM, काम काय=, ना1लश g
activities n चहलपहल, हलचल g
actual adj खास, ठोस g
actually adv खासगरर
े g
add v जो#नु, थVनु g
addition n जोड, थप g
additional adj अ1तXर7, थIपएको g
adjust v 1मलाउनु g
administration n Yयवःथा, ूशासन p, g
administrative adj ूशासकZय p
54

admit v ु ,ु िःवकार गन=ु
माEनु, भना=हन g
admit in v भना= गन=ु g
advance (of money) n पँकZ
े , बना
ै g
advantage n लाभ, फाईदा g
adversary n 1बरोधी g
advertisement n Iव`ापन g
advice n स:लाह g
advise v स:लाह Qदनु g
aerogram n हवाईपऽ g
after prep प1छ g
afternoon n Qदउसो g
again adv फरM ु
े , पन g
against (opposed) prep 1ब>b, Iवपc g
ago adj अिघ, अ1ग g
agree v माEनु g
agreement n मल
े , सहमत g
agriculture n ृ
कIष g, ag
aim n लआय, उदँय
े g
air n हाhा g
airplane n हhाईजहाज g
alcohol (liquor) n र+सी g, h
all adj सबै, सारा g
allocate v तो+नु, ःथापन गन=ु g
almost adv झjडै g
alone adj ए+लै g
also adv प1न g
although conj तप1न
ै g
always adv सधk , 1न&य g
55

amaze v आँचय= ला)नु, अचDम माEनु g
ambassador n ु
राजदत p
amendment n सशोधन
ं p
amount n रकम, जDमा, ःपिंट g
and conj र, तथा g
animal (domestic) n पशु ag, g
animal (wild) n जEतु, जनावर ag, g
animal husbandry n पश ु पालन ag, g
another adj अकp g
answer n जबाफ, उ7र g
anthropology n मानव शाq, नरदह ृ
े Iव`ान, नIव`ान g, an
any adj ु
जनप1न ु ै
, कन g
anyway adv जहोस
े g
apart adj अलग g
apartment n डरा
े g, h
apparent adj ःपंट, ू&यc g
appearance n ु
>प, आकार, अनहार g
apple n ःयाउ g, h
application (put into use) n ूयोग, rयबहारमा :याउनु g
application (request) n 1नवदन
े g
appoint v ु गन=ु
खटाउनु, तो+नु, 1नय7ी g
appointed adj खटMएको, तोकZएको g
appropriate adj ु , मना1स
उपय7 ु ब, उिचत g
approval n ु , अनमोदन
अनम1त ु ृ
, ःhीक1त g
approximately adv ु ु , अनमा1नत
अEदािज, ज1त, पगनपग ु g
arch, archway n ु
गमज g
area n इलाका, cेऽ g
arena n ू
अखडा, काय= cेऽ, रणभमी g
56

argument n 1बबाद, बहस g
army n सना
े , स1नक
ै g, p
arrange v 1मलाउनु, Qठक ठाक पान=ु g
arrangement/s n बEदोबःत, Yयवःथा, ूबEध g
arrive v ु ,ु आगमन
आईप)न g
artificial adj ृ
नtलM, बनावटM, क1तम g
ash n खरानी g
ask v सोuनु, मा)नु g
ask (for) v मा)नु g
assembly n ु
सभा, जन समदाय p
assistance n सघाई, सहायता, सहयोग g
assistant n सहायक, सहयोगी g
assume v ठाEनु, धारण गन=ु g
astrologer n vयो1तषी an
at prep मा g
atmosphere n पXरिःथ1त, बाताबरण, वाय ु मjडल g
attach v नwथी गन=,ु जो#नु, गाxनु g
attack v जाई ला)नु, आबमण गन=,ु हमला गन=ु g
attempt (formal) n ूय&न, कोिशश g
auspicious adj ु , मGल, साIहत, शभ
शभ ु -महत=
ु ू g
authority n अ1धकार, ूा1धकार, ूभ&ु h p
authorization n अ1धकार g
available adj ु , ूाVय
उपलrध, सलभ g
available (be available) v पाईनु g
back (of a person) n ढाड, Iप{यू,ँ आग
ँ g
bad adj खराब, कमसल g
bag n झोला, थलो
ै g
bamboo n बाँस g, ag
57

bamboo shoot n तामा g, ag
ban n मनाहM, मनाई, ू1तबEध g, p
banana n करा
े g, h
barren adj बाँझो ag
base, basis n ू , जग
आधार, मल g
bask v े ु
ताVनु, स+न g
bathe v ु
नहाउन ु g
bazaar n बजार g
be v ु ु
हन g
bear n भालु g
bearable adj सहनीय, सहने यो)य g
beard n दाह}, दाढM g
beautiful adj ु , मनमोहक, मनोहर
राॆो, सEदर g
because conj Iकनभने, IकनIक g
bedroom n स&ु ने कोठा g, h
before prep अिघ, अ1ग, पIहले g
beg v मा)नु g
begin v ु गन=,ु था:नु
श> g
beginning n ु , थालनी
आरDभ, श> g
behavior n चालचलन, Yयवहार g
belief n Iवँhाश g
bell n घjटM g
beside prep निजकै, 1नर, उूाEत g
besides adj बाहक
े , उसमाथी g
bicycle n साइकल g
big adj ू , भयानक
ठलो g
biology n िजब-1ब`ान, िजवसाq g, p
black adj कालो g
58

black market n कालो बजार p
bloom v ु ु
फ:न g
blue adj 1नलो g
boil v उमा:नु g
bone n हाड g
book n ु
Iकताब, पःतक g
boredom n Qदt g
botany n बनःप1त 1ब`ान g
both adj ु ै
दब g
branch (of a Ministry, n शाखा, 1बभाग p
Department or bank)
branch (of a tree) n हाँगा g
bread n रोटM g, h
break v भा•नु g
break (shatter) v ु
फटाउन ु g
break (time off) n 1बदा g
breath n सास g
breathe v े ु
सास फन= g
bring v :याउनु g
bring (away) v 1लएर जानु, लजान
ै ु g
broadcast (media) v ूसारण गन=ु p
broken (to not function) v 1ब1मनु g
broom n ु
कचो h
brother (older) n दाई, दाजु g, an
brother (younger) n भाई g, an
brown adj खरो
ै g
budget n बज•
े , आयYययको Iहसाब g, p
building n भवन g
Building Department n भवन Iवभाग p
59

bus n बस g
bush n झाडी g, ag
business (trade) n Yयापार, कामकाज, Yयवसाय g
busy adj Yयःत g
but conj तर g
buy v IकEनु g
by (through the agency of) prep ‚ारा g
cage n खोर g
call v बोलाउनु, डा+नु g
can (be able) v स+नु g
capable adj समथ=, यो)य, लायक g
capital (city) n राजधानी g, p
capital (economic) n ूँ , मलधन
पजी ू p
capital sum (as opposed to n ूँ
साँउ, पजी p
interest)
capitalism n ूँ
पजीबाद p
capitalist n ूँ
पजीवाल ँ
, पजीप1त , धनीबग= p
car n गा1ड, मोटर g
care n परवाह, जतन g
carpenter n 1सकमƒ g
carpet n गल„ चा h
case (legal) n ु , झगडा, खोल
म…ा p
catch v समा&नु g
cattle n गाई वःतु p, ag
celebrate v मनाउनु g, an
cement n 1समEट
े g
center n कEि
े , 1बच g
central adj कEिMय
े g
certain adj 1निँचत, पtा g
60

certainly adv अवँय, 1नँचय g
certificate n ूमाणपऽ g
chair n मच
े g, h
chairman n अuयc, सभापती p
chance n मौका, अवसर g
change n पXरवत=न g
chat v गफ गन=ु g
cheap adj सःतो g
cheese n िचज h
chemistry n रसायन शाq g
chicken n ु ु
कखरा h, ag, g
chief n ु , सरदार
नाईके, ूमख p
chief adj ु
ूधान, मˆय p
children n कटाकटM
े े g, an
choice n छनाई, रोजाई g
choose v छाEनु, रोvनु g
cigarette n ु
चरोट g, h
cinema n 1सनमा
े g
circumstances n पXरिःथ1त, हाल, ग1त g
city n शहर g
clash n टtर, Iवरोध g
class (school) n कcा g
class (set) n Iक7ा g
class (social) n वग= g
clean adj सफा g
clear adj ु , ःपंट
शb g
clerk n बIहदार g
clever adj चलाख g
61

cliff n 1भर g
climb v च‰नु g
close v बEद गन=ु g
close adj 1नर, निजक g
cloud n बादल g
coat n कोट g
code (legal) n ऐन-समह
ं , ऐनको Iकताब g
coffee n कफZ g, h
cold (sickness) n >घ, >गा g
cold (things) adj िचसो g
cold (weather) adj जाडो g
collect v ु ,ु सकलन
बट:न ं गन=,ु जDमा गन=ु g
color n रG g
combine v 1मलाउनु, 1मसाउनु g
come v आउनु g
come out v 1नि+लनु g
comfortable adj ु
सIवधा, आराम g
commentary n ूवचन, समीcा, टMका-IटVपणी p, g
committee n स1म1त p
communal adj ु
सामदाIयक g, ag
communism n साDयवाद p
community n ु , समाज
समदाय p, an
compare v ु
दाँvनु, तलना गन=ु g
comparison n ु
तलना , दजाई g
competition n ू1तयो1गता, ू1तःपदा=, होड g
complaint n उजरू, उजरM
ू g
complete adj ू , पण=
सDपण= ू , परा
ु g
completed adj सDपŠ g
62

comply v ु ु
माEनु, सहमत हन g
concerning prep सDबEधी, सDबिEधत g
condition n हालत, पXरिःथ1त, िःथ1त, अवःथा g
conduct n आचार, सचालन
ं , चालचलन g
conduct v सचालन
ं गन=ु g
confidence n Iवँhास,‹ढता, प&यार, भरोसा g
connection n सDबEध g
constituency n 1नवा=चन cेऽ, 1नबा=चन मjडल p
construction n 1नमा=ण g
consult v स:लाह 1लनु, Qदनु g
contemporary adj समका1लन, एकै समयको g
continent n महादश
े g, p
contract n ठtा
े g, p
control n कrजा, 1नयEऽण g, p
control v कrजामा राˆनु g, p
convenience n ु ू , स1बधा
अनकल ु g
convenient n ु
उिचत, स1बधाजनक g
convince v ं े हटाउन,ु सDझाउनु
मनाउनु, सदह g
cook v पकाउनु g, h
cooked (to be) v पा+नु g
cooperation n सहयो1गता, सहकाXरता, स1मती g, p
cooperative n सहकारM, सहयोगी, साझा p, ag
copy n नtल, ूती g
copybook n कापी g
corn n मकै ag
correct adj ु , Qठक
शb g
correct v ु ,ु स•याउनु
सधान= g
correction n सशोधन
ं ू सधार
, भल ु g
63

cost v खच= गन=,ु मोल g
cottage industry n े ु उŒोग
घरल p
cottage, shack n ु , झूो
झपडी ु h
cough n खोकZ g
council n पXरषद, स1म1त p
counsel v स:लाह Qदनु, परामश= Qदनु g
count v गEनु g
country n दश ु ु
े , मलक g, p
court (law) n अदालत g, p
courtyard n ँ
आगन g
cow-shed n गोठ ag
crab n गGटो g
creditor n साहु, Xरणदाता p
crop n उrजनी, उrजाउ, अŠ ag
crops n बालM ag
cruel adj दंु ट, 1नद=यी, बब=र g
cry v >नु g
cultivated property n खत
े -बारM ag
cultivation n खती
े -पाती ag
cultural adj ृ
साँःक1तक g, p, an
culture n ं ृ , Xर1तXरवाज
सःकती g, p, an
cupboard n दराज h
cured (to be) n ु ,ु 1बषक
1नको हन ु ु
े हन g, an
curiosity n िज`ासा g
custom n चलन, Xर1तXरवाज g, an
cut v का•नु g
daily adv QदनQदनै g
daily adj द1नक
ै -
64

dam n बाँध g, ag
damage n ख1त, नो+सान g
dance v ना•नु g
danger n ु
छरM g. h
dangerous adj भयानक, खतरानाक g
dark n ँ
अuयारो , अEधकार g
dark (color) adj गाडा g
date (general or official n 1म1त g
correspondence)
date (Nepali calendar) n गते g
date (Western calendar) n ताXरख g
daughter-in-law n ु
बहारM an
day n Qदन g
day after tomorrow adv पसƒ g
day before yesterday adv अःती g
day-laborer n vयामी, खताला
े g, ag, p
dear n Iूय, Vयारो g
debt n कजा=, Xरण g, p
debtor n आसामी, Xरणी g, p
decentralization n IवकिEिकरण
े p
decide v तो+नु, 1नँचय गन=,ु 1नण=य गन=ु g
decision n 1नण=य, 1नँचय g
declare v घोषणा गन=ु g
decorate v ू
सजाउनु, भIषत गन=,ु अलकत
ं ृ गन=ु g
decrease v घ•नु, घटाउनु g
deep adj गIहरो g
deer n ृ
मग g
demand v मा)नु, मगाउनु g
demand n माग g
65

democracy n ूजातEऽ, लोकतEऽ p
department n Iवभाग p
Department (of a Ministry) n Iवभाग p
departure n ूःथान, 1बदा g
depute v खटाउनु g
description n बयान, Iवबरण g
desire n इ•छा, रहर, मनसाय g
destruction n नाश,नंट g
details n Iववरण g
developed adj Iवक1सत g, p, ag
development n Iवकास g, p, ag
diamond n हMरा g
diarrhea n Qदसा g
die v मन=ु g
difference n अEतर, फरक, 1भEनता g
difficult adj ु
गाहp, मिःकल g
dig v खEनु g
diligent adj 1महनती
े , पXरौमी g
direct v सचालन
ं गन=ु g
director n 1नदŽ शक, सचालक
ं g, p
dirty adj फोहर, मलो
ै g
discipline n ु
अनशासन, 1नयम पालन, सयम
ं g
disease n रोग g
dismiss v े गन=,ु पद•युत गन=ु
खारज g
dispatch (mail) n चलानी g
display v ूदिश=त गन=ु g
dispute n 1बबाद, मतभद
े g
dissent n ु , ू1तवाद
फट g
66

distribute v बा#नु, 1बतरण गन=ु g
district n िज:ला g, p
divide v भाग गन=ु g
division n भाग, Iवभाजन g
doctrine n 1सधाEत g
domesticate v घरमा पा:नु ag
donation n चEदा p, an
doubt n शका
ं g
draft (of a paper or budget) n मसौदा p, g
drink v Iपउनु g
drive v चलाउनु, हा+नु g
dropped (to be) v खःनु g
drought n ृ ट, खडरM
अनाविं े ag
dry adj ु
ओभानो, सˆखा g
duty n कत=Yय g
duty (tax) n ु , कर
महशल p
each adj ूतक
े , हरक
े g
ear n कान g
early adj चाँडै g
earn v कमाउनु g
east n ु
पव= g
easy adj सिजलो g
eat v खानु g
economics n अथ= शाq g, p
education n िशcा g, p
effect n ूभाव, असर g
effort n कोिशश, ूय&न g
egg n ु
फल h, g
67

elect v चEु न,ु छाEनु p
election n ु
1नवा=चन, चनाव p
elephant n हा7ी g
emerge v ु ु
1निःकनु, ूकट हन g
emergency n स•टका1लन
ं , आपतका1लन g
employee n कम=चारM, 1नयोिजत g
employment n जा1गर, 1नयोजन g
empty adj खालM, Xर7ो g
energy n तागत्, शि7 g
engineer n इि’1नयर ag, g
English adj ँ े
अमजी g
enlarge v बढाउनु g
enough n ु , पया=Vत, ूशःत, काफZ
प)यो g
entertainment n आमोद ूमोद, मनोरEजन g
entitlement (to land) n हक ag, p
entry (in an official n दता= g, p
account)
equal adj बराबर, समान g
equipment n मालसमान, औजार g
especially adv खासगरM g
essential adj आवँयक, ज>रM g
establish v कायम गन=,ु ःथाIपत गन=ु g
estimate n ु , इःटमट
अनमान े , अEदाज g
estimated adj ु
अनमा1नत ् g
etcetera conj इ&यादM g
evaluation n ु
म:या•न g
evening n साँझ g
every adj हरक
े , ूतक
े g
evident adj ःपंट, ू&यc g
68

exact adj ु
द>ःत, Qठक g
exam n जाँच, पXरcा g
examine v जाँ•नु, पXरcण गन=ु g
example n ु , उदाहरण
नमना g
exceed v ना”नु, फडIकनु g
excellent adj एकदम राॆो, वश
े g
excess n बढM g
excessive adj अ1धक, अ&या1धक g
excuse v माफ गन=,ु cमा गन=ु g
exhibit v ूदश=न गन=ु g
exhibition n ूदश=नी g
expense n खच= g
expensive adj महGो g
experience n ु , जानकारM, अनभती
अनभव ु ू g
expert n Iवशष`
े g, p
explain v ु
बझाउन,ु बयान गन=,ु rयाˆया गन=ु g
explanation n बयान, rयाˆया g
export v 1नकासी गन=,ु 1नया=त गन=ु g, p
extensive adj ृ , rयापक
1बःतत g
extremely adv अ&या1धक, अ1त g
eye n ँ , नऽ
आखा े , लोचन g
face to face phr ु , मखामख
सEमख ु ु g
fact n वाःतव, &थय g
factory n कारखाना g
factual adj वाःतIवक g
fair n ूदश=नी, भला
े , सEतोषदायक g
fair adj ःh•छ, इमाEदार g
faith n Iवँhाश, 1नंठा g
69

faithful adj Iवँhािश, 1बँhासपाऽ, ौuदालु g
fall v पन=,ु झन=,ु खःनु g
fallow adj बाँझो ag
false adj ु
झठा g
famine n अ1नकाल, भोकमरM g, ag
famous adj ूˆयात g
farmer n ख1तवाल
े , Iकसान ag
fast adj 1छटो, झटपट g
fast v उपवास बःनु, ोत बःनु an
fat adj मोटो g
fat n बोसो g, h
father n ु , बवा
बा, बबा ु , Iपता g, an
fatigue n थकाई, थकाhट g
favorable adj ु ु , सIवधाजनक
अनकल ु , IहतकारM g
fearful adj भय•र, डरला)दो g
fee n ु , दःतरु
महशल g
feel (to) v ु ,ु ःपश= गन=,ु जा•नु, अनभब
ला)नु, छन ु गन=ु g
feel like v मन ला)नु g
feeling n भावना, Iवचार g
fence n बार g
fertilizer n मल ag
field (irrigated) n खत
े ag
field-trip n ॅमण g
fill v भन=ु g
final adj अिEतम, आिखरM g
financial adj आय-Yयय सDबEधी, आ1थ=क g, p
financier n ूँ
पजीपती, 1ब7-rयवःथापक p
find v पाउनु g
70

fine adj ु , जXरवाना
सEचै , राॆो, शcम g
finished adj समाN, तामल
े g
finished (to be) v ु ,ु सIकनु, 1सिuदनु
ख7म हन g
firewood n दाउरा g, h, ag
fish n माछा g, ag, h
fish-pond n माछा पोखरM ag
floor (first, second, etc) n तला g
flour n Iपठो g, h
flower n ू
फल g, ag
follow v अपनाउनु, माEनु g
food n ु
खाना, खाने करा g, h
for prep ला1ग, वापत् g
forbid v मानाई गन=,ु 1नषध
े गन=ु g
foreign country n परदश
े , Iवदश
े p, g
foreigner n Iवदशी
े , परदशी
े g, p
foreman n नाईके g
forest n वन, जGल g, ag
forget v 1बस=न ु g
fork n काँटा g, h
form n ृ , आकार, फारम
>प, आक1त g
formerly adv पIहले, अगा1ड g
found (to be) v रहनु, पाउनु g
free adj ु , ःवतEऽ, ःवा1धन
फtा g
frequently adv घXरघXर, अवसर g
Friday n ु
शबबार g
friend n साथी, 1मऽ, स1ग
ं g
friendly adv 1मलनसार g
friendship n 1मऽता g
71

frog n ु
xयागतो g
from prep बाट, दिख
े g
frost n ु
तसारो g, ag
fruit n ु
फलफल g, ag, h
frustration n नरा
ै ँय g
full adj भXर, टEन g
function v चाल ु हन
ु ,ु काय= सDपादन गन=,ु च:नु g
funny adj मvजाको, र1सक g
furthermore adv ू
अ>, अझै, दरतर g
future n भIवँय g
game n खल
े g
gap n अEतर, खा1ल g
gate n ढोका g
gather v जDमा गन=,ु बट:न
ु ु g
gathering (of people) n जमघट, भला
े g, p
gender n 1लG g
gentle adj भलादमी g
gentleman n भलादमी मा1नस g
geography n ु
भगोल g, p
germinate v पदा ु ,ु टसाउन
ै हन ु ,ु अं कु रण हन
ु ु g, ag
gesture n सकत
ं े g
get v पाउनु g
gift n दान, उपहार, भटM
े , कोशलM
े g, an
give v Qदनु g
give up v छो#नु, &या)नु g
glass n िशशा g
go v जानु g
goal n उदँय
े , लआय g
72

goat (castrated) n खसी g, ag
goat (female) n बाभी g, ag
goat (uncastrated) n बोको g, ag
god n भगवान, इँवर g, an
god (family) n ु े
कलदवता an
goddess n दवी
े g, an
gold n ु
सन g
good adj राॆो, असल, भलो, जाती g
good (health) adj सEचै g
goods n माल, मालसामान, िचज1बज g
government n सरकार g, p
grab v समा&नु, पबनु g
grain n अनाज, अEन ag
grandfather n ु , बाजे
हजरबा g, an
grandmother n ु
हजरआमा, बvयै g, an
grant n ु , वि7
अनदान ृ g
grass n घाँस g, ag
graze v चराउनु g, ag
great adj ू , महान, Iवशाल
ठलो g
greedy adj लोभी g
green adj हरMयो g
grey adj कलो
ै g
grow (intransitive) v ब‰नु g
grow (plants) v उ1ॆनु, उमान=,ु ब‰नु g, ag
growth n ृ
बIb g
guard n पाले g
guess n ु , अEदाज
अनमान g
guest n पाहना
ु , पाउना g
73

guidance n माग= 1नदŽ शन g
habit n बानी g
hail n अ1सना g, ag
hair n कपाल g
half n साढे g
hand n हात g
happy adj ु , आनEद, सखी
खशी ु g
harm n नो+सान, ख1त g
hat (Nepali) n टोपी g, h
hat (Western) n टोप g, h
he (familiar) n उ, उनी g
he (formal) n वहाँ g
head n टाउको g
headman n ु
मखीया p
headquarters n ु
सदर-मकाम g, p
health n ःवाःwय g
hear v सEु न ु g
heat n ताप g
heaven n ःवग= an, g
height n उचाई g
help v मदत गन=,ु सगाउनु g
here adv यहाँ g
hereafter adv उूाEत g
highway n ू )
सडक (ठलो g
Himalaya n Iहमाल g
Hindu n, adj IहEदु g
hint n स•ेत ् g
hire n भाडा g
74

historical n ऐ1तहा1सक g
history n इ1तहास g
hold v समा&नु g
holiday n ु
1बदा, छ˜ी g
home n घर g, h
homeland n ःवदश
े g, p
honest adj इमाEदार g
honor n इvजत, सDमान g
hope n आशा g
hospital n अःपताल, िचIक&सालय g
hospital (maternity) n ु गह
ूसती ृ g
hostile adj Iवरोधी, शऽ ु पcको g
hot (spicy) adj Iपरो g, h
hot (things) adj तातो g
hot (weather) adj गमƒ g
hour n घjटा g
house n घर g, h
housework n ृ
घरको काम, गहकाय= g, h
how (by what means) adv कसरM g
how (much/many) adv क1त g
how (quality) adv कःतो g
human being n मानव-जाती g
hundred n सय g
hunger n भोक g
hurry n ह7प7, हतार g
I pron म g
i.e. abbr याने g
idea n राय, Iवचार g
75

if conj यQद g
ignorance n अ`ान, अनजान g
illiterate adj असाcार g, p
immediately adv ु
त>Eतै, त&काल् g
implemented adj लाग ु भएको, काया=िEhत गXरएको g
importance n मह&h g
important adj ज>रM g
improve v ु ,ु उŠती गन=,ु सपान=ु
सधान= g
improved adj उEनत g
improvement n ु , उEनती, सपाXरएको
सधार g
in prep मा g
include v े गन=ु
समावश g
including adj े ,् सIहत
समत g
income n आDदानी, आय g, p
income tax n आय कर p
incomplete adj ु , न1सIbएको
अधरो g
increase v ब‰नु g
independent adj ु , ःवतEऽ, ःhा1धत
फtा p, g
indicate v 1नदŽ श गन=,ु दखाउन
े ,ु स•ेत गन=ु g
individual n Yयि7 g
industry n उ…ोग, पXरौम g, p
influence n ूभाव g
influential adj ूभावकारM g
information n सुचना g
informed adj ू
सिचत,् अवगत g
inherent adj 1नIहत, अEतव=ती, ःवाभाIवक g
injection n ु
सइ g
ink n मसी g
76

inopportune (time) adj बमौका
े , असामIयक g
inside prep 1भऽ g
inspect v पXरदश=न गन=,ु 1नXरcण गन=,ु जाँच गन=ु g
inspection n पXरदश=न, 1नXरcण, सवŽcण, जाँच g
inspector n 1नXरcक, ूिशcक g
instead adj स˜ामा, बापत् g
institution n सःथा
ं g, p
insult n बइvजती
े , अपमान g
intention n इरादा, मतलब, मनशाय, अ1भूाय g
interest (financial) n rयाज p
interesting adj चाख ला)दो g
interim n अEतXरम g
international adj अEतरािंशय g, p
interview n अEतरवाता= g
introduction n ू
पXरचय, भ1मका, ूःतावन g
invite v डा+नु, बोलाउनु, 1नDता गन=ु g
iron n फलाम g
irrigate v ँ
पानी लगाउनु, 1सचाई गन=ु g, ag
irrigation n ँ
1सचाई ag
irrigation ditch n ू
कलो ag
item n दफा, रकम, एक-एक कलम g
jacket n vयाकट
े g
jail n šयालखाना p
Japanese adj जापानी g
job n काम, जा1गर, rयबसाय, धEदा g
join v जो#नु g
joint adj ं ु , साझदार
साजे, सय7 े g
journey n याऽा, ॅमण, सफर g
77

judge n Eयाया1धस p
judgment n Eयाय, इEसाफ, अदालतको फसला
ै p
jump v उृनु g
just adj इEसाफZ, Eयायोिचत p
justice n Eयाय, इEसाफ p
kerosene n मI˜तल
े g, h
kind n Iक1सम, थोक, ूकार g
kind adj दयालु g
kingdom n अ1धराvय g, p
kitchen n भाEसा, भाEचा g, h
know (be acquainted) v िचEनु g
know (to have skill) v जाEनु g
knowledge n `ान g
known adj अवगत g
labor n ौम g, ag
lake n ताल g
land n जमीन, ज)गा g, ag
land reform n ू सधार
भमी ु ag
landless (person) n ु ु
सकDबासी ag
landowner n ज1मEदार ag
language n भाषा g
last adj अिEतम, आिखरM g
late adj Iढलो, अबरे, बरे g
later adv प1छ, भरे g
laugh v हाःनु g
law n ु
ऐन, कानन g, p
lawsuit n ु
म…ा p
layer n तह g
78

lazy adj अि:छ g
lead n 1ससा, पXरचालन g
leader n नाईके, नता
े , माग=-दश=क an, g, p
leadership n े ृ
नत&व an, p
leaf n पात g, ag
learn v 1स+नु g
leather n छाला g, h
leave v छो#नु g
leave (from work) n ु , 1बदा
छI˜ g
lecture n ूवचन, rयाˆयान g, p
left over v उ1ॄनु, बाकZ रहनु g
legal code (national law) n ु ु
मलकZ ऐन p
leisure n फुस=द, फस=
ु त g
lesson n पाठ, िशc, उपदश
े g
letter n िच•ी, पऽ g
letter (alphabet) n अcर g
level (standard) n ःतर, ौणी
े g
library n ु
पःतकालय g
license n ु , अनम1तपऽ
अनम1त ु , लाईसEस
े g, p
life n जीवन g
lift v उचा:नु, उठाउनु g
light n उvयालो g
light (color) adj Iफtा g
like v मन पन=ु g
like (similar to) prep जःतो, जःतै g
lime n कागती g, ag, h
limited adj सी1मत g
link n सDबEध, जोनƒ g
79

list n ू , सिचपऽ
सची ू , तपसील g
listen v सEु न ु g
literate adj साcार g, p
literature n साIह&य g
little adj ु े
सानो, जाबो, पEच g
little (measurable) adj अ1लक1त g
little (unmeasurable) adj अ1लअ1ल g
living standard n ह1सयत
ै , ःतर g, p
load n भारM g
local adj ःथानीय, दशीय
े g
long adj लामो g
look v े ु
हन= g
loom n तान् h
loss n खती, नो+सान g
love v माया गन=ु g
love-talk n ूम
े -वाता= g
machine n कल, यEऽ g
magazine n प1ऽका g, p
magician n ु , चटकZ
जादगर g, an
maintenance n पालन पोषण, िजIवका, ू1तपालन, जीIवका g
majority n अ1धकांश, बहमत
ु , बहसˆया
ु ं g, p
make v बनाउनु g
malaria n औलजरो, औलो g, h
male (animal) n भाले g, ag
male (human) n लो)ने माEछे an, g
management n बEदोबःत, Yयवःथा g
manner n ढग
ं , चलन, चालचलन, िशंटाचार g
manure n मल ag
80

many adj धर ु , औधी, अ1त
े ै , 1नtै , थूो g
map n न+शा g, p
Mars n मGल g
math n Iहसाब g
matter n पदाथ= g
mature adj पtा, पXरप+h g
maximum adj बIढ g
maybe adv होला g
meaning n मतलब, माने g
meaningless adj बमतलब
े , अथ= नभएको g
means n उपाय g
measurement n नाप g
meat n मासु g, h
mechanic n 1मqी, कालMगढ g, ag
medicine n औष1ध, ओखती g, h, an
meet v े ु
भ•न g
meeting n बठक
ै , जमघट, गोžी, भट
े g
member n सदःय g, p, h
membership n सदःयता p
memorize v याद गन=,ु सDझनु g
mentality n ृ , मान1सक शिŸ
ःवभाव, मनोवि7 g
method n उपाय, ढG
ं , तXरका, ूणालM g
middle n माझ, बीच g
military n स1नक
ै , सना
े g, p
milk n ू
दध g, h, an
millionaire n लखपती g
mind n मन, Qदल, िच7 g
minister n मEऽी p
81

ministry n मEऽालय p
miscellaneous adj ु
1ब1बध, फटकर g
miser n ु , कपण
क जुस, च¡याँ ृ , लोभी g
mix v 1मसाउनु g
model n ु
आदश=, नमना g
modern adj ु
आध1नक g
moment n 1छन, cण g
Monday n सोमबार g
monkey n बाँदर g
monsoon n बसा=त, बषा= g, ag
month n मIहना g
more adj अझ, ब‰ता, बशी
े g
morning n 1बहान g
mostly adv धरजसो
े ै g
mother n ु
आमा, ममा g, h
mountain n पाहाड g
mouth n ु
मख g
move v च:नु g
Mr n ौीमान, माहासाय g
Mrs n ौीम1त g
mud, muddy n, adj Iहलो g
multiplication n ु
गणन g
mustard n तोरM g, h
nail n कZला g, h
name n नाम g
narrow adj ु
सांगरो g
national adj रांशMय g, p
natural adj ृ
ूाक1तक, ःhभाIवक g
82

nature n ृ
ूकती g
nature (character) n ःhभाव g
near adj 1नर, निजक g
nearby adj निजक g
neat adj ु
स)घरM, सफा g
need, to be needed v ु ु
चाIहनु, आवँयक हन g
nephew (brother’s son) n भ1तजा, भदा an
nephew (sister’s son) n भाEजा an
new adj नया g
news n खबर, समाचार g, p
newspaper n अखबार, पऽप1ऽका g, p
night n राती g
no adv ँ ँ
होईन, अह g
noise n ह:ला g
north n उ7र g
nose n नाक g
notice n ू
सचना g
notice board n ू
सचना पाटM g
novel n उपEयास g
now adv अब g
nowadays adv आजभो1ल, Iहजोआज, अचल
े g
number adv सˆया
ं , अ• g
obey v माEनु g
occupation n ृ , पशा
कामकाज, वि7 े , इलम g
offering n ूसाद, ब1ल, भटM
े , नबŒ
ै े g, an
office n काया=लय g
officer n अ1धकारM, कम=चारM p
often adv ूाय, ूायजसो g
83

okay (agreement) interj हEछ
ु , ल g
okay (polite) interj हस, हhस् g
old adj ु
परानो g
on prep मा g
only adj माऽ g
open v खो:नु g
open adj ु , ख:ला
खला ु g
opinion n 1बचार, राय g
opponent n 1बरोधी g
opportune adj ु ू , समयानफल
अनकल ु ू g
opportunity n मौका g
opposed adj Iव>b, Iवपc g
opposition n ू1तयोग, Iवरोध, 1बपcता, बरभाब
ै g
or conj Iक, अथhा g
orange n ु
सEतला g, h, ag
order (command) n ु ु , आ`ा, आदश
हकम े g, p
ordinance n अuयादश
े , Xरती, 1नयम, 1बशष
े आ`ा p
ordinary adj ु
साधारण, ःवाभाIवक, मामलM g
organization n सःथा
ं , सगठन
ं g
organizer n आयोजक, Yयवःथापक g
original adj ूारिDभक, मौ1लक g
other adj अ> g
outside n बाIहर g
overcome v ु ,ु दमन गन=ु
Iवजयी हन g
own (one’s) adj आ¢नो g
pack n ु
पोको, भारM, कDलो , ब˜ा g
paper n कागत, कागज g
pardon v माफ गन=ु g
84

parents n बा-आमा g, an
part n भाग, खjड, Iहःसा g
partnership n साझदार
े , Iहःसदार
े , महभा1गता g
party n भोज g
party (political) n दल, पc p
past adj 1बतको
े , गएको g
pay v 1तन=ु g
pay n तलब, vयाला, पाXरौा1मक g
peace n शािEत g
Peace Corps n शािEत सना
े g
peasant n Iकसान, ख1तhाल
े ag, p
peculiar adj अनौठो, अचDमको g
pen n कलम g
people n जनताह>, लोक, जन, ूजा g
pepper (hot) n ु नी
खसा= g
percent n ू1तशत g
perhaps adj शायद g
permission n ु
अनमती g
person n माEछे , मा1नस g
persuade v मनाउनु, Iवँhास गराउनु, ॅम हटाउनु g
petition n दरखाःत, अजƒ, 1बिEतपऽ p
physics n भौ1तक शाq g
picture n न+शा, तःवीर g
piece n ु , ूवEध रचना
भाग, Iहःसा, टबा g
pineapple n ु
भईकटहर g, h, ag
place n ःथान, ठाउँ g
plain adj ःप£, सादा, सDम, सरल, समतल g
plan n उपाय, अ1भूाय, योजना g
85

planet n मह, नcऽ g
plant n 1ब>वा, बोट g
play v े ु
ख:न g
play (musical instrument) v बजाउनु g
playing field n मदान
ै g
pleasant adj रमाईलो g
please n ृ
कपया g
plenty n ूशःत g
plough v जो&नु ag
pocket n बगलM, ख:ती g
policy n नी1त p
politely adv ू क, िशंटतापब=
नॆतापव= ू क g
political adj राजन1तक
ै p
political science n राजनी1त शाq p
politics n राजनी1त p
poor (unfortunate) adj 1बचरा g
poor (wealth) adj गXरब g
population n जनसˆया
ं g
position n ःथान, पद, अबःथा g
post office n हलाक
ु g
postman n हलाकZ
ु g
potato n आलु g, h, ag
power n सामwय=, शि7, cमता, बल, तज
े g, an, p
powerful adj शि7शालM, ओजःवी, ूतापी g, an, p
practical adj YयबहाXरक, काम ला)ने Iक1समको, g
ूयोगा&मक
practice n अxयास, ूथा, rयवहार g
practise v माEनु, अxयास गन=ु g, an
86

precious adj ू
अम:य g
preliminary adj ूारिDभक, ूाथ1मक g
present v ु गन=,ु पश
ूःतत े गन=,ु हािजर हन
ु ु g
present adj उपिःथत g
president n रांशपती p
prestige n इvजत, शान, ू1तंठा an, p
price n ू , भाउ
मोल, म:य g
pride n घमjड, गब=, अहकार
ं g
prime minister n ूधान-मEऽी p
principal adj ु , ूधान, सव=ौे £
मˆय g
principle n ु , 1सधाEत
1नयम, सऽ g
priority n ूाथ1मकता g
probable adj ु
सDभाIवत, आनमा1नक g
problem n समःया g
procedure n सचालन
ं गनŽ तXरका, Yयाबहार, काय=-1ब1ध g
profession n ृ , पशा
ब7ी े g
profit n ु
मनाफा, नाफा, लाभ g
program n काय=बम g
progress n ूगती, उŠती g
prohibit v मनाई गन=,ु मनाहM गन=,ु 1नषध
े गन=ु g
prohibition n मनाहM, 1नषध
े , ू1तबEध g
project n योजना g
promise v ू1त`ा गन=,ु कवल
ू गन=ु g
promotion n ु , उŠती, ौž
बढवा े पद पाउन ु g
proof n ूमाण g
proper adj उिचत g
property n मालसामान, सDपती g
proposal n ूःताव g
87

proposed adj ूःताIवत g
protect v ु
सरcा गन=,ु सरिcत
ं राˆन,ु रcा गन=ु g
protection n रcा, सरcता
ं g
protest n ू1तवाद, Iवरोध g
public adj साव=ज1नक, सव=साधारण p
public n सामाEयजन, ूजा, जनता p
public health n जनःhाःwय p
public service n लोकसेवा p
publicity n ूचार, ूसार p
published adj ूकािशत g
pull v े ु
ताEनु, उख:न g
punishment n सजाय, दjड g, p
pupil n छाऽ g
purchase n खरMद g
pure adj ु
शb g
purpose n म+सद, मनसाय, आसय, अ1भूाय g
put v राˆनु g
put (on) v लगाउनु g
qualification n यो)यता g
quality n ु
गण g
quarter (measurement) n सवा g
quarter to (measurement) n पौने g
quarterly adv ऽमा1सक
ै g
question n ूँन g
questionnaire n ूँनावलM g
quiet (to be) v चपु ला)न ु g
quit v छो#नु g
quota n कोटा, दरवEदM g
88

radio n र1डयो
े g
rain v पानी पन=ु g
raincoat n बष=दM g
raise (bring up) v पा:नु p, ag
raise (lift) n उचा:नु g
raksi (liquor) n र+सी g, h
rank n पद, मान g
rate n दर, ग1त, भाउ g
ratification n ु
समथ=न, अनमोदन p
reach (some place) v ु ,ु 1बःतत
प)न ृ हन
ु ु g
reaction n ृ
ू1तकया g
read v प‰नु g
real n खास, वाःतIवक g
reality n स&यता, वाःतIवकता g
realization n ू
महसस g
realize v ु
अनबव गन=,ु महसस
ू गन=ु g
receipt n र1सद g
receive v पाउनु g
recent adj हाल g
recognize v िचEनु g
recommendation n 1सफाXरस g
reconcile v 1मलाउनु, मल1मलाप
े गन=,ु पनमŽ
ु ल गन=ु g
red adj रातो g
reform n ु
सधार g, p
reform v ु
सधान= ु g
region n इलाका, cेऽ g
regular adj ु
बराबर, 1नय1मत, सrयबिःथत g, an
relation n नाता, सDबEध g
89

relationship n सDबEध g
reliable adj Iवँhसनीय, भरपदp g
religion n धम= g, an
remain v रहनु g
remaining adj बाँकZ g
remember v याद गन=,ु सDझनु g
remind v सDझाउनु g
remove v हटाउनु g
rent v ु , भाडा
महशल g
repair v मरमत गन=ु g
replace v बदलM गन=ु g
replacement n बदलM g
reply n जवाफ, उ7र g
representative n ू1त1नधी g, p
request n ु , 1नवदन
1बिEत, अनरोध े g
required adj चाIहएका, अपिcत
े g
research n ु
अनसEधान g
resources n साधन, उपाय g, ag
respect v माEनु, आदर गन=,ु स&कार गन=ु g, an
respect n मान, अ1भवादन, सDमान, इvजत g, an
responsibility n िजDमा, िजDमवारM
े , दाIय&h g
responsible adj िजDमवार
े , उ7रदायी g
rest v आराम गन=ु g
restore v जःताको &यःतो पान=,ु पन
ु :ःथान गन=ु g
result n पXरणाम, न1तजा, फल g
return n Iफता= g
return (to) v फक=नु, फIक=नु g
review v फXर
े े ,ु पन1ब=
हन= ु चार गन=ु g
90

revise v ृ गन=ु
दोहोया=उनु, आबि7 g
revised adj सशो1धत
ं ु ृ
, स•चाईएको, पराव7 g
revision n सशोधन
ं , दो॑याउने काम g
rhinoceros n ग„डा g
rice (cooked) n भात ag, g, h
rice (husked) n चामल ag, h
rice (unhusked) n धान ag, h
rich adj धनी g
right n अ1धकार, हक g
ring v बvनु, बजाउनु g
ripen (to) v पा+नु ag
river n नदM g
road n सडक, बाटो, माग= g
rock n ु
ढGा g
roof n छानु, छाना h
room n कोठा h
routine adj 1नि¥त, 1नय1मत g
routine n काय=बम, >Iटन, Qदनचया=, 1न&यकम=को g
rयrःथा
rudiment n ू ु , सऽपात
मलसऽ ु ू त&व
, आरDभ, मल g
rule n 1नयम g
run v ु न,ु दगन=
क¦ ु ,ु ब)नु, भा)नु g
run (administer) v सचालन
ं गन=,ु चलाउनु p
rupee n >Iपया g
sack n बोरा g
sadness n दु:ख g
salary n तलब g
sale n 1बIब g
91

salt n ु
नन g, h
same adj एकै, एउटै , सोहM g
sample n ु
नमना g
satisfaction n सEतोष, सEतोक g
Saturday n श1नवार g
Saturn n श1न g
save v बचाउनु, सचय
ं गन=,ु जोगाउनु g
say v भEनु g
science n Iव`ान g
scissors n क„ची g
scold v गा1ल गन=,ु हपान=ु g
search v खोvनु g
secret n ु , गN
गNी ु , गोVय g
secretary n सिचव g
section (of an office) n फांट g
see v े नु
दˆ g
seed n 1बउ ag
seedling n 1ब>hा ag
selected adj बIढया, अrबल g
selection n छानबीन, रोजाई g
selfish adj ःवाथƒ, मतलबी g
selfishness n ु , ःवा1थ=पन
ःवाथ= बIb g
self-respect n आ&मIवशवास g, an
sell v े ु
ब•न g
send back v फका=उनु g
separate adj ब)ल ु याएको, पथक
े ै , अलग, छ• ृ g
separate v ु
छ§ाउन,ु छI˜न
ु ,ु अलग पान=ु g
service n नोकरM, सवा
े g
92

settle v बसोबास गन=ु g
sewing n 1सलाई h
share (financial) n सयर
े , Iहःसा g
shared adj साजा, साझा g
she (familiar) pron 1तनी, उनी g
she (formal) pron वहाँ g
shirt n क1मज g, h
shoe(s) n ु
ज7ा g, h
shop n पसल g
shopkeeper (female) n साहनी
ु g
shopkeeper (male) n साहजी
ु g
short (height) adj होचो g
short (length) adj छोटो g
show v दखाउन
े ु g
show n ूदश=न g
signature n सहM g
silver n चाँदM g
simple adj साधारण g
sincerely (yours) adv भवदMय g
sing v गाउनु g
sir n साहब
े g
sir (business letter) n महोदय g
sister (older) n QददM an
sister (younger) n बIहनी an
sitar n 1सतार g
situation n िःथ1त, अवःथा, हालत g
skill n ु , चातय=
1सप, दcता, 1सपालपन ु g
skillful adj ु , कशल
1सपालु, 1नपण= ु g
93

skin n छाला g
sleep v स&ु न ु g
sleepy adj 1नEिा g
slip v िचिVलनु g
slippery adj िचVलो g
small adj सानो g
smallpox n 1बफर g, h
smart adj तज
े , बाठो g
snack n खाजा g
snatch v खोःनु g
snow n Iहउँ g
so conj यस कारण g
social adj सामािजक an
society n समाज an, p
sociology n समाज-शाq g
socks n मोजा g, h
soil n माटो g, ag
soldier n स1नक
ै g, p
solid adj ठोस g
some (people) adj कोहM g
some (things) adj कहM
े g
sometimes adv कIहलकाIह
े ँ g
sorrow n क¨ण, दु:खद g
sound n आhाज g
sour adj अ1मलो g
source n ौोत g
south n दिcण g
sow v छन=ु ag
94

sparkle n जगमग g
sparkle v झ:कनु, ट:कनु g
speak v बो:नु g
speak with v ु गन=ु
करा g
special adj खास, Iवशष
े g
specially n Iवशषगरर
े े g
speech n ूवचन, भाषण g
speed n ग1त g
spend v खच= गन=ु g
spike n कZला, 1तखो काँडा g
spoon n चDचा g, h
sports n े ु
खलकद g
staff (employee) n कम=चारM, काय=कता= g
stake (wooden) n काठको Iकला g
stamp n Iटकट g
stamp (office), seal n छाप p
start v ु गन=ु
था:नु, श> g
state n ु ु , राvय
मलक g
statistics n तwया• g
statue n ू
म1त= g
still adv अझै g
stipend n भ7ा g
stir v चलाउनु g
stomach n पट
े g
stone n ु
ढGा g
store n पसल g
story n कथा g
straight adj 1सधा g
95

strange adj अनौठो g
strength n बल, ताकत, सामwय= g
strong adj ब1लयो g
student n IवŒाथƒ g
student hostel n छाऽवास g
study v प‰नु, अuयन गन=ु g
stupid adj ु
मख= g
submit v े गन=ु
पश g
subsidy n ु , आ1थ=क सहायता
अनदान g
subtract v घटाउनु g
subtraction n घटाउ g
successful adj सफल, 1सb, Iवजयी g
suddenly adv अकःमात, एtा1स g
sugar n िचनी g, h
suggestion n ु व, ूःताव
सझा g
suitable adj ु
उिचत, उपयोगी, उपय7 g
summon v डा+नु, समन गन=,ु आ©वान गन=ु g
sun n ु
सय= g
Sunday n आइतवार g
sunshine, sunlight n घाम g
superfluous adj बशी
े , चाIहने भEदा ब‰ता, फा:टु g
superstition n ु
क>ती, अEधIवªास, >IढबादM an
supervise v े े गन=ु
रखदख g
supervision n 1नदŽ शन g
support n समथ=न, आधार, पालन-पोषण g
sure adj 1न¥य, अवँय, 1नःसEदह
े g
surplus n ब‰ता, बाँकZ रहको
े ु
करा g
survey n नापजांच, नापी, सवŽcण g
96

suspicion n शका
ं g
sweep v बडान=,ु बढान=ु h
sweet adj ु
ग1लयो g
swim v े ु
पौडी ख:न g
swing n IपG g
symbol n सकत
ं े , इशारा, िचEह g
table n े ु
टबल h
take (out) v िझ+नु g
take (to) v 1लनु g
take (with) v ल)नु, 1लएर जानु, 1लएर आउनु g
talk (with) v ु गन=ु
करा g
tall adj अ)लो g
taste n ःhाद g
tasty adj 1मठो, ःhाQदलो g
tax v कर लगाउनु p
tax n कर p
tea n िचया g, h
teach v 1सकाउनु, पढाउनु g
teacher n ु
िशcक, ग> g
technical adj ूाIव1धक g
technician n ूाIव1ध` g
tell v भEनु g
temple n मिEदर an
tenant (land) n मोहM ag
terrible adj भयानक g
test n जांच g
thank you phrase धEयवाद g
that adj &यो g
97

then adv अ1न g
there adv &याहाँ g
therefore adv &यसकारण, अत, तसथ= g
these adj यी g
they pron उनीह> g
thick adj बा+लो g
thin adj पातलो g
thing n ु , िचज
करा g
things n िचज1बज g
think v सो•नु, Iवचार गन=ु g
thirst n 1तखा= g
this adj यो g
those adj 1त g
thought n Iवचार g
thousand n हजार g
throat n घाँटM g
through prep माफ=त, ‚ारा g
Thursday n 1बIहबार g
thus adv तसथ=, &यसथ= g
ticket n Iटकट g
tika n Iटका h, an
time n बला
े , समय, बखत, काल g
time (occurrence) n पटक, प:ट, चोटM g
tired (to be) v था+नु g
tobacco n ु
तमाखु, सतƒ g
today adv आज g
tomorrow adv भो1ल g
tools n औजार g
98

tooth n दाँत g
total n जDमा g
tour n ॅमण g
tourist n ु
पय=टक, टXरःट g
towards (direction) prep 1तर g
towards (here) prep यता 1तर g
towards (there) prep &यता 1तर g
trade n Yयापार g, p
tragedy n 1बयोग g
training n ता1लम g
transfer v सन=,ु स>hा गन=ु g
translation n ु , उ:था
अनबाद g
transportation n यातायात g
travel v ु ,ु याऽा गन=,ु सफर गन=ु
घDन g
tree n >ख, बोट g, ag
trouble n ु
तक1लफ, दःख g
truth n स&यता g
try v कोिशश गन=ु g
Tuesday n मGलबार g
turn n पालो g
turtle n ु
कछवा g
type n थोक, Iक1सम, ूकार, खाल g
umbrella n छाता g
unable adj असमथ= g
unanimity n एकमतता, सव=सDम1त, एकमत, मत+य
ै g
uncle (material) n मामा p
uncle (paternal) n काका p
uncomfortable adj अV{यारो, असिजलो g
99

uncommon adj असाधारण g
uncultivated adj बाँझो ag
under (authority) prep अEतग=त p
unification n एIककरण p
unit n एकाई g
united adj ं ु
सय7 g
United Nations n ं ु रा¬ सघ
सय7 ं p
unity n एकता g
universe n 1बँh g
university n 1बँh1बŒालय g
unlimited adj अ1स1मत् g
unpleasant adj नरमाईलो g
until (now) prep हालसDम g
unusual adj अनौठो g
up to prep सDम g
urgent adj ज>रM g
usage n ूयोग, Yयबहार g
use n ूयोग, चलन g
usefulness n उपयो1गता, उपकाXरता g
usually adv ूायजसो, धरजसो
े ै , ूायगरर
े g
utensil n ंु
भाँडा कडा g
utility n ु , उपयो1गता
उपयोगी, उपय7 g
vacancy n XरŸ ःथान g
vacant adj XरŸ g
vacation n ु
1बदा, छ˜ी g
value n ु
म:य g
vegetable garden n साग-बारM, तका=रM बारM h
Venus (planet) n ु
शब g
100

very adj धर ु , सा॑ै , बहत
े ै , 1नtै , खब ु g
village n गाउँ ag, an,
g
visit v दश=न गन=ु g
voluntary labor n ौमदान p
wait v पख=न,ु पिख=न ु g
walk v े जान ु
Iह#नु, Iहडर g
want v चाहनु g
warehouse (for grain) n गोदाम ag
warm adj Eयानो g
wash n ु ,ु माšनु
धन g
watch n घडी g
watchman n पाले g
water n पानी g
water hole n ू
कवा g
water pipe n नलM ag
water resources n जल ौोत ag
water supply n खाने पानी 1बतरण g
watershed n जलाधार ag
way n उपाय g
we pron हामी, हामीह> g
weak adj ु
कमजोर, दrलो g
wealth n सDपती g
wear v लगाउनु, लाउनु g
weather n मौसम g
Wednesday n ु
बधबार g
weight n तौल g
well n इनार ag, h
west n पि¥म g
101

what adj, adv के g
what time phrase क1त बजे g
wheat n गहुँ g
when adv/pron कIहले g
where (direction) adv/pron काहाँ, कता g
which (plural) adj/pron ु कन
कन ु g
which (singular) adj/pron ु
कन g
whichever pron ु
जनप1न g
white adj सतो
े g
who pron को g
why pron Iकन g
wide adj फया=क, फराIकलो, चौडा g
wind adj हाhा g
window n šयाल h
with prep ँ
सग g
work n काम, काय= g
work v काम गन=ु g
worker n काय=कता=, कामदार g
world n ससार
ं , लोक g
worry n Iपर g
worship v ु गन=ु
पजा an
worthy adj लायक, यो)य g
writer n लखक
े g
wrong adj ु , बQठक
ग:ती, अशb े g
yak n याक, चौरM g
year n बष=, साल g
yellow adj पहलो
े g
yes (polite) adv हजरु g
102

yesterday n, adv Iहजो g
yet adv अझै g
yogurt n दIह h
you (familiar) pron 1तमी g
you (polite) pron तपाई g
youth n जवान g
zonal commissioner n अ चला1धश g
zone n अ-ल g
zoology n ूाणी-1ब`ान g

Nepali-English English-Nepali Glossary: Shambhu Oja Banu Oja Mark Turin Elisabeth Uphoff

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Nepali-English English-Nepali Glossary: Shambhu Oja Banu Oja Mark Turin Elisabeth Uphoff

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NEPALI-ENGLISH

South Asia Program

Shambhu Oja, Department of Asian Studies

Cornell University, Ithaca, New York

Acknowledgements to the Second Edition

Introduction to the First Edition

(a) teach increasingly complex grammatical structures

Professor Kathryn March

Ithaca, New York

Banu Oja, Shambhu Oja, Elisabeth Uphoff

Ithaca, New York

an = anthropology (words dealing with kinship or religion)

Nepali part English lesson subject

अकःमात् adv suddenly g

अ7र n letter (alphabet) - g

अखडा n arena, station, base - p

अखबार n newspaper L-28 g, p

अगु<ा n leader, guide - p

अ=लो adj tall L-8 g

अिघ, अ@ग adv before, ago L-12 g

अA n number (numeral) L-23 g

अचCम adv surprise L-7 g

अचार n spicy pickle, chutney L-3 g, h

अझ adj more, yet L-24 g

अझै adv yet, still L-19 g

अFचल n zone L-17 p

अFचला@धस n Zone Commissioner - p

अत: conj therefore - g

अ@त adj very L-31 g

अ@तKरL adj additional, besides - g

अथ<ा, अथाNत ् conj or L-5 g

अदालत n court, court house - p

अ@धक adj exceeding, excess, more - p, g

Nepali part English lesson subject

अ@धकार n authority, right, power - p

अ@धकार+ n an authority, official - p

अ-य7 n president, chairman (of a committee) - p

अनाज n grain (wheat, corn, rice, etc) - ag

अ@न adj then - g

अ@नकाल n famine - ag, p

अनौठो adj strange, odd, peculiar L-7 g

अXजान adj ignorant - g

अXतर n difference, gap, interval - p, g

अXतररा[ीय adj international - p, g

Nepali part English lesson subject

अXतररा[ीय n international unity - p, g

अXदाजी adv approximately L-3 g

अपनाउनु v to follow, observe - p, an

अ_`यारो adj uncomfortable, difficult L-24 g

अJफस n office L-26 g

अब adv now, now then L-9 g

अबँय adv certainly L-5 g

अबःथा n condition, situation g

अबरे adj late L-16 g

अ@मलो adj sour L-2 g

अW adj other L-5 g

अकc adj next, another L-5 g

अथNशाd n economics L-8 p

अलग adj apart, separate - g, p

अ@लअ@ल adj a little (when the amount can't be - g

अbछf adj lazy L-7 g

अवगत ् गराउन ु v to inform, notify - g

असमथN adj unable g