SUVIDYA CENTRE OF SPECIAL EDUCATION

ASSIGNMENT
ON

PROVIDING FIVE
EXAMPLES FOR EACH
BARRIERS TO INCLUSIVE
EDUCATION

SEMESTER: II
PAPER: B6. INCLUSIVE EDUCATION
SUBMITTED TO: MRS. NISHAT IMAM
SUBMITTED BY: MALIKA BANO ANSARI
DATED: 29/06/2021
What is a barrier to learning?
A barrier to learning is anything that stands in the way of a child being able to learn effectively.
A learner may experience one or more barriers to learning throughout his or her education. A
child with a disability will experience that disability as an intrinsic barrier to learning and will
require varying levels of support to accommodate their disability in order to reach their full
academic potential. Barriers to learning are not limited to intrinsic barriers. They can also be
societal/environmental barriers. For example extreme poverty, abuse or neglect will all act as
barriers to a child’s learning.

What is Inclusive Education?

Inclusive education means that all children regardless of their ability level, are included in the
mainstream classroom, or in the most appropriate or Least Restrictive Environment (LRE), that
students of all ability levels are taught as equals, and that teachers must adjust their curriculum
and teaching methodologies so that all students benefit

Attitudinal Barriers
Attitudinal Barriers are pervasive negative perceptions and value systems that focus on a
person's disability rather than their ability and other valued characteristics. Attitudinal barriers
may be present in societies, communities or in specific individuals.

Examples:

1. Social Stigma
Social stigma is the disapproval of, or discrimination against, a person based on
perceivable social characteristics that differs a person form others. For example, keener
sense of smell and hearing, that all people with disabilities are sad and bitter such
perceptions and labels can make a person feel low or inferior.

2. Bullying
Bullied by someone on the basis of uniqueness or disabilities can lead to isolation and
closure of possible inclusion.

3. Denial
Denial by parents and others in acceptance of hidden disabilities such as learning
disabilities, psychiatric disabilities, etc. may also act as a barrier to that person’s learning
as they may not opt for inclusive education. Also some schools deny admission to
persons with disability on account of its severity.
 4. Superstitions
Some people hold beliefs such as parents of typically growing child may believe that
their child may behave inappropriately while being or studying along with children with
disabilities.

5. Pity
People feel sorry for the person with a disability, which creates a low self-image among
them. People with disabilities generally don’t want pity and charity, just equal
opportunity to earn their own way and live independently.

Physical Barriers
Physical barriers are structural obstacles in natural or manmade environments that prevent or
block mobility (moving around in the environment) or access.

Examples:

1. Building structure
Inaccessible building structure such as lack of ramps and/or elevators in multi-level school
buildings, heavy doors, inaccessible washrooms

2. School location
Schools are situated at inconvenient distances or locations.

3. Transportation facilities
Inadequate transportation facilities that enable to travel safely and swiftly from home to
school and vice versa. For example, children with severe impairment cannot travel safely
in the local trains and other public transport.

4. Lack of assistive technology present

Inadequate Mobility aids, such as wheelchairs, scooters, walkers, canes, crutches.

5. Inadequate indicators and signage

Like no proper signage provided for the safe movement of children with different
disabilities within the school.

Instruction Barriers
Instructional Barriers are those things that prevent students from actively engaging in their
learning. If you don’t understand how to engage students through your instruction, it is hard to
keep them motivated to learn for very long.
Examples:

1. Untrained teachers
An untrained teacher will not be much aware of available technology and its use so will not
be able to deliver appropriate support to meet the special needs of the students. Also such
teachers may possess negative attitude towards the student making him feel inferior.

2. Unavailability of adaptive materials

Use of small print or no large-print versions of material, and no Braille or versions for
visually impaired people.

3. Inappropriate curriculum
 It happens because it does not meet the needs of a broad range of diverse learners. In
many contexts, it is centralized in design and rigid in approach which causes little
flexibility for modification based on the local setting or for teachers to try out new
approaches.
4. Language or communication
Language and Communication act as a barrier to those people who have disabilities that
affects hearing, speaking, reading, writing, and or understanding, and who use different
ways to communicate and are unfamiliar with language in which the instructions are
given.

5. Inappropriate methods
Ignoring the needs of each student a teacher may use a uniform method for teaching
every student. For example: teaching verbally without any visual support for the hearing
impaired.