021a3/202A

a2/a3/2020

Elements of Success in Broiler Pouluy

Raising Selection of Stocks
. Knowledge or "know-How"
o Different broiler genetic stocks respond according to
. Experience and skill different environments - selection needs careful
. Cash and Credit Facilities
consideration.

. Diversified poultry enterprise

. Not one strain can be best suited under Philippine
conditions because performance records varies under
' Poultry man's inherent qualities; different sets of conditions,

- fondness of poultry . Some farmers frequently change the strains of broiler

they raise, in an attempt to find the particular strain
- aptitude and disposition to work that wili perform better in their particular condition.
- business acLrmen
- initiative and resourcefulness
- observant and "clinical" eye

Parameters in seleeting a strain of broiler to ,aise. Poultry Housing

1". Performance

- genetic make-up
' environmental conditions
. Production of more meat at the least cost possibie given
the available inputs.

2. Adaptabillty and availability of stocks

- adapted to local conditions

- strain that is popularly raised in the community

3. Reliability of suppliers

- chicks from a reputable and dependable supplier

DIFFERENT TYPES OF
POUTTRY HOUSES
Brooder/chick house
- lt is used to brood and rear egg-type chicks
from 0 to 8 weeks of age.
Grower house
- lt is used to grow egg-type birds from g to 18
weeks of age.
Brooder cum grower house
Here, the birds are reared from 0 to 18 weeks
of age (entire brooding and growing period of
chicken
 a2/a3l2A2A

ryf.lofpat#flWryffi

;iiiiiii,i# $hir.!bp
CaBfwiN
nae'/
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Indiildusl

til,'$I*iifi5ii*lt

t n{{ntre{rffi
*hqriri&*gew ii nrEfuHs r,: .
5 064+sr ry*lahrrrrrd'siqped**ir
> R*itrgaf trultryby k@rlrm hcm gund {ReLI, alkd s Er!$(
) A mge *nuld gwidc *sllct Stmr fcd, r+atcr, shsla <te
- IisSidF ir miorffie o{ ltpdiE fsbitdr
F $klr.t,lq;lersIl* sr?*$id.B.lemquryry,a **r*bt qerryysilh,
l* aipridy rqj
l €idr G
hrlf *ry
> Bitdi$
Bi.d$ s dfiaad
E
holf
a 3md e
6ii*d hb iM
pF tha
fte tsd
rard *c! s
tg spll+r*lr rr#t*

wr Grd ir lttlM
nr*4s

hilh se
in nilbr
@ ds qm
EH im is b
r

ffi
ffi
@
l} nbcHs$iliGEiry: !ff!-d0elrwlrFrf trsfllre
> A p{ffi|stffi i Hqs ny be silDh td8 tilchd
6*dided riio{" ttlscd sltdmri fr d*ed
I ftqndB plqetlE tsm Ek{
sldEr pElds *d rlEtk
L S*iaeaqlcl}i +srt* rX. 1r ryry

3
 a2/a3/202A

Folding-unitsystem: ffi.
This system ot housang is an innovation of
recent years.
ln portable folding units birds being confined
to one small run, the position is changed each
day, giving them fresh ground and the birds
find a considerable proportion of food from the
herbage , space to the whole unit is 4 square feet per
The most convenient folding unit to handle
is that which is made for 25 hens-
A floor space of 1 square foot should be
allowed for each bird in the house, and 3
square feet in the run, se that a totalfloor
bird, as with the intensive system.

A suitable measurement for a folding house to

take 25 birds is 5 feet wide and 20 feet long, the
house being 5'x 5'. one-third ofthe run.

Disadvantages
The food and water rnust be carried out to the
birds and eggs brought back.
There is $ome extra labour involved in the regular
moving of the fold units.
More expensive
A perrtn$ie sireitcr wirh * llaar.

INTENSIVE SYSTEM
Birds are totally confined to houses either
on ground / floor or on wire-netting floor in
cages or on slats.
It is the most efficient, convenient and
economical system for modern poultry
production with huge numbers"
Advantages
Minimum land is required for farming.
Farms can be located near market area.
Day-to-day management is easier.
The production performance is higher as
more energy is saved due to restricted
movements.

4
a2/a312A20
 02la3lzaz1

With correct conditions observed with well managed

. ft is a valuable insulating agent, the litter
litter there is no need to clean a pen out for a whole maintains its own constant temperature, so birds
year; the only attention is the regular stirring and burrow into it when the air temperature is high
adding of some material as needed. and thereby cool themselves. Conversely, they
can warm themselves in the sarne way when the
weather is very cool
Generally 35 laying birds can produce in one year
t
about tonne of deep litter fertilizer. The level of
. There will be no incident of breast blisters-
nitrogen in fresh manure is about 1%, but on well
built-up deep litter it may be around 3% nitrogen
(nearly 2Ao1o protein). lt also contains about 2%
. There will be no problem in cage tayer fatigue.
phosphorus and 2% potash, lts value is about3
fimes that of cattle manure.
. lnitial investment wilt be less when the land cost
is low

SC€tt*d sr edre'ffiess ey&€*m

Disadvantages
. Housing density is lowerthan the cage system. I Sn*rll hous* wth a..iri,.J .,,
| ' ;l,rr
\., iz! lii..-t
. There witl be more feed wastage duiing spilling I

, Litter-born diseases can occur, especlally ,' Slrts. Ll ndcn Dl€e: or I 5 .5 cln wiJc

coccideosis, eosting severe economic loss I ulrral i.5 lrn rlrtu1. rrrsi tllrvu8h thd
i lerrpth oi htru.r
particularly in broiler industry. i

. Disease spread faster due to mainly to

l

i
I
/ Slalr plr.ul I ft rb,,rr rhr cnilrll [iix! l,r
allorr a(u$ulilroE of 6-laFpil1li
free movements. j

. lncidence of unclean or soiled eggs is higher. I ; Bir! clen:iLy tan he 6-8 prr s4sna m[e
. Birds consume more feed since they move about
1

I
ji Ferdirg. u:etering & eg* crlisli{-nl
more freelywasting sorne energy; hence feed i h*,Ihd f*r, (*triilc the lin$i
I
l
efficiency is inferior to the birds in cages.
|
. Coulo lnusc' hLr cxlcn\i\r & \uushie
I ii, , jrij: " 1l 'r. \

*$W &Fft*Gl
*emk*m*i*m d atq*M ffic*r **d dee6 *i*6er

; lij'li :ili iirLiland lij.; jiti.lf r?tl i lqitullf ia6{I!. lir ,.:. rf alri: d!:!l * fedi!:ro{ r.'.1,j,|:ti .1 (*ilirllr df i!}{ [r!"rl

l5lalr lrr cilher sidc of hcrlrE aBaitrs , rl! ,lkknl. 75'l ,rlsntrn,rrriiil lirle.\ i* {tre *r*Ll ue tept irr r;r5c*

rdh flde B,JI] ic*ring ftrf,Gl I$frirrr Ior

Suerhlc h,: tc+rE!' l'r . , ':. r. slL" irr.,(r r. hrr,ril:(r!
lirter tluq '
;" Scirtrlii( trkni+c.r.nErl Fr.6iI.$.!. lr lirilije-{j
iTlx area i-c irli*d iih,,ir *re coecrctc
ilonr b1 0.5 nB[!, or &nrc h i lr*icn anj *trrrr nft nltiltl\i N ($g.r iiotr rstJ Llc, (\Gpl lt{Ii{ $'tr r.r" hr \rhi{h
*silmrrrk fianurc h*lop tlre slartai iti|Ehrs is i$hllr.i ihrl)r,iir Fr Jhtri: rdlci
aen
, r\utorSradrd lir dE$ Errlltl,s 6,1 *ora"*tr t*its $! $ix, ba lrrd
/W{leis 0.i tirrks $r "*,
fhe1d oE thE
sldie.l a?r i J'lL ahl+Fr:ls *r{ .irJ}!l roll\:+ird:* h!,r\ undiflBillh $&t, rr,! la:l{i !r ilq llurr or d{p
ph *r!.ld rh. **!x

-Bird Jenrit-' r!Ft,5'? Fer sqnurr h*tcr

i R$sma{dsj ffqrqr&{ {1tj.:! {1ur r r{r'L!j = {i.I fuil
.'iirpr:r1jr c.!^ f .tlirli;-ri,la: &alt*cr*aDt cr.nL$ iil iG la, wei.rt = {i..l S*.r!

6
 azla3/2A2A

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Sgpex *S ea#ws

ii:i:ri!,ir r:ii"irtrrr!*i .)i' artr\

+ BilR.sr:)ae! l*rd.aj.rlrxi

'l Sreir lieF (dis

Fis,..:iqri :,) rirli !'{r ri&nm* l.l f -\l.tvatr
rU.i
hll.atpr a;ri

itrlrl iin {litr rrrr ,t l}iril r(.rr:i

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*#$ige.re+e *4qrce6*e6
{![ch Ris.l Elc\akd c8s. hrBsr]

i!
!
,f;ffi @ *E ,E ,

Cage system
Advantages :
--Easy egg collection
Less problem due to cannibolism
No nest requirement
Record individual bird performance
Better labor utilization
Low parasitic infection
Elimination of broodiness
Avoidance of litter and its problems

Disadvantages
-More heat stress in summer
-Fly problem
lncidence of broken egg is more
.Cage layer fatigue
- Fatty liver syndrome
-Poor shell quality
.Difficulty in manure disposal
a2la3/7A2A
ffi 6$er$ $€*u.+r*$ trgg S.Vs,tes"#
- !tt rci,r,r rrrrr rulnr p' uluJ ,{,(rJl,,r' it( rlunri.l t.lr irrrr,. srh
[]nynim&cnt ahri.oih:.i hi1nir.. 11 r'.hi.h iririrlt .ruLtitillns ir ]rliat.roiil ir lrarr
r: l. llr hi{J: .:f(rjil'ilil rr!r. rir,r !\
- Tcnrircrxtilr*: 24rC
R.:.rli,t l[ilr;.1'lr 1,.r. rr,'
r -{,i,.,.,.,i.1,.1:.i: qi{hnt,\irrri:rr:,trxrfitud!rrlprrjf,Jihlf&stu)F.rl.rillr
\aith:!utlrlu(ir $uing $ld LhinHng rl.rrclt inralr
- , i1i. :.1::,:.r:i ."i:1,.i:.. *,ilh tr! mirlEnl {otrilol\. iee,lir! 3\'sicil. qttctil!
5vsrarB. nrurrt LollsliM r!i{ar[ {Ig ail]lcrlior! s\'!rcrn arl. rll rruchlr}c{ uil
*uarriatir
- EClthr-llr loathicrr t'ct$,1 !l,ili,r,:;rir i,. i.i.i:.,i -.,r.,.'ir'.' ..iii, .,
,;.- r... . rnd Dtfl rrihcr ral( lrrt$iitr-{ rordit.rn,'
/' i]nc cntrr bat(h (or cl.cic, ltr irar Fcr rhail
8
a2/a312020
a2/a3/202A

10
02/a312020

L1
a2/a3l2o2a

L2
 a2la3l202A

.:<*1 HOUS|I€]pace

E
Housing hYgiene and sanitation
ffi&

*- S*k**b* d*lts LAYOUT OF

POULTRY FARM
;. L{trartsl s$n! t'rue siderdl*l *trd ind6tr!, aEa
A small size poultry farm doesn't require
l. llqil ffid dffiiange
any special layout as it involves construction
p SeBae $r*rities likc r*ter ffid d*lfiritl
of only one house.
/ ShadraedSrdtrtftre The medium and large size farms require
, trrtatl*a l3 +lh$ hutkliEB special considerations for placement of
. Pmpff ledlotkn building in the farm premises.
l iroflubillt) sf fm'sllsbf$resnt Elxliy4+l rhster rr*S#
;, ilskd
P FnrtrHf,rots*fr{"llftlq

13
 a2la3l212o

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fi

t--l
iti l*
ll
E

L__l
S

C{ild*

t4
 a?.la3l202A

3'ros$6
t6rleE eoi*di b*trh5 &
). Sdi* it l. Ed!}l sf 6e EirB &m lo&n {ld b IIE
*;dr I k tJ fe. &;ks &*
&rl6ts dtf $* *ontd be 8:1$ {€!t {M
tufe ad i b l-5 id,annl* rlr I tq&tiliEdat6rffi l{l2I@i
glwdlde1
> :& 6* af qge hmm *€ hei*h! ii
I*{*tb d6id€d by de lqE td.':dc llmgEffiB
ts Cab.$f*yBrE{ :{3{sq4$r}
dni*h lildc i{&s
h 'Frlhilt} Ue Bd &aE &tYry stiqsk sid
F{*t{&*i r{r{iaiihl @d}{iE
f llrk qidh of d& rheA ii l@: &e :

' $ {et ddpr }M!ei.e Nt $a f .tkqlly ttof e eErHqi{ {im rv;l1 b?

ildde lim et gE rifrtf -hp wi{tr tep open aoa fntd Eith sitr msh lf,
Fape, rynlseBi! qs

> .{m te of my *trJth id E{ hsryr ! ln rt8t hrue* r*iri ual *rll

spto40 ft
ts ECbrrlg shorH tne qlkl side wafir

15
 az/a3/2020

?Jl$a* fid read*x$ m*fI}r*at

-il,@ffiM 'iDifFerent types of roofs are Shed, Gable,

half-monitor, full-monitor (Monitor), Flat
-'
*fu] i,",,:' concrete, Gambrel, Gothic etc.
.t Monitor type is mostly prefened in tropical

ffiffi
EH;illirffi&ii,Jt'. . *l
countries like lndia

Overhang
.tThe overhang of the roof should not be less
than 3.S:feet in order to prevent the entry of
iffirtlT*n
rain water into the shed.

fi*ile*rl ss}}ltfi *!*tF H*t{TSn

&Fs*d fB66rs

ffiMffi
r fincnrr rriah 8r pFDi{lei1cr M kle frofl! {sfit*lt

;Erlended i i ,:.i i.({\ati$ ![r {r1! oD dl sider k p.effi. mt ed $ake pIobleb.;

;Conri$ ot $ellahain6,l roii * g$v+I corcerf vhirh d nr.re dexi.nble, ir is ruy

ffiffi
cc
ft cLa!\ dqrnlle &!il roore ut [s@f
;,\ rtr(,ctr n.{i \h,{ld bc xt., t{[r mil,hi.L a0,] fL DUJ|f {sl,fi l.ll ur t:J.5
mir Lid on tl jir$ baw rt lea* l5$ md rbule gruund kwl, :rrd given a rruuh fin;-.:h
s'irh r l+);rr*tl

il@h
.Thc dsr mur! tE rp;t r$nnh sosly in dreP.
litkrpnuXb] bo$es
;'Ili sie $l'Lq$ i5 EiGralriy 6 ; !J {*t
hA, the snq" i ltli i$h $brtuId ilc il]*riil$.{ Et
til si& sdi\i0icctdr

16
 a2{a3l2A2A

FORREARING BROILERS
* Teqperatu re - 72-?W C/Gsstr)

f
*Rdative Humidi$ -30-60 %
i1giffif.'1*,9*ig,
*F,r-lmonia fevel- Less than 25 ppm
ti'ffi
* titter moisture - 15-25%
Air: flpw' 110-30
**Air:flow' 0-30 metreslminute
I
:.

"'-'ri'rrt'ii::I,;,,ti,.1i;ii,1i,,,,i.li;,:,,iri,,r,.,.
l
A llsd€l E€dftrfhosae

ii 1i'l,,li,,lljiifi.i:,1.:., 1r.:l.;,;:';1r

Sr*od.r &ire

kl€.da:

L7
 azlc3l7A20

Cage Temperature Management

Brooding
Before the birds arrive, prepare the house as
follows;
a Put nonskid paper on the bottom ofthe cage.
This paper may disintegrate and fall through
the cage bottom or it should be removed at
beak trimming time (10 days).
tr Start the heating system 24 hours before the
birds arrive. Adjust the temperature to 33-34"C
(91.4-93.2oF.).
tr Keep the relative humidity at 50%
minimum. ln cage brooding, adequate
humidity is very important.
Eln a cage or warm room brooding system, reduce
the temperature 3oC (5oF.) per week from 34oC
(93.2eF.) until 21qC (70oF.) isreached.
O Look for signs of overheating (panting and
drowsiness) or chilling (huddling) and make
appropriate adjustments.
EHeat control is more critical in cage brooding
because the chicks cannot moye to find their
comfort zone.
trMaintain adequate humidity if you brood in cages.
Relative humidity for cage brooding must be
maintained at 40-60%.
D lf necessary sprinkle water on the walks or floors to
increase humidity.

&mdhglmptllurm

lgt ftgeBrmding llom8rmdr4

Flr"*if *r f,:mrrr;r,tg

iit i 1l:.1'; 9'.$'i li: 3:$

ft,: i :l:ll }}g't iil iif

l;ri i lli'i fiini j:l ilf
llrlii iiti'i &l,r'f lii ;{+

1rl).rl ri.T'i iitr ;il it

)qilll 1I; r]lr+ lii ;lI
illir- lri ;:'i i
l: ;l{

@enshedrls Contro/

Every thing manual Most of the things are

automatic.

Construction cost Construction cost very

very low much high.

Productionnot Productionsatisfied
satisfied

18
 a2/a31202A

.,1

i,.tri;:tr]i:ji i:i:l:l:.i

Because rnanagement not

under our control so . Lowconstruction & Running expenses
. Production low (electricity , diesel etc.)
' FCR low . Birdsare more resistant todiseases then
. Body wt vary from bird control shed.
to bird
' High labourcost
. Atthe end not satisfiT
farmer

il'.,'rdl"iri

;r.,.i,rlr;.. i :,i:: :r

. Almost Every thing auto

control
{feeding , watering, may
be vaccines, Tem, RH ,
Ventilation, etc.)
. Low labour cost
. Wt gain high
. FCR high

19
 a2/0312020

"*;4.
* '-:' T
1. Preparation ofshed :a * ,.,::

3. Brooding ( 1- 9days)
4. Growing to Finishing
{10-42days)
5. Catching
6. Sale

l.Freparatlon of shed
. Remove old litter
. Clean the shed by iron fiber brush(pillars walls
roof doors etc.)
. After that remove any stain of feces
. Feeders waterer & nipples wash with
detergents
. Floor walls pillars with simple water
. This method repeat 3-4 times

zCI
a2103/202A

2t
 02/a3/202A

Brooding{L-9days}

. Brooding most imp

aspect in poultry
. '','farraing .'
. In summer brooding
l'', earyPr0cessras '
compared to winter
t . : ln, sumrner no need of
brooder almost
. ln winter brooder
requirement necessary

.
:' .'1:.Water in water lines& drinkthrough nipples
some time also use baby drinkers early days
. Tem,Auto,Cprrtrol bli
,,',,',Feeding at eady days in feedingtrays place
:

fans,pads&dirctl .
on litters in sequence
brcqdersys-tern': : .

.
. V€rrtilatiolr csntrp.lled .;, : ;. After 16-20 hr: crop test , r

byVents fansBadS, :, r' ,Mortality must be less then,O.26 durilrg 1ut,

week
., RH{relatiue l-lumiOi$}
controlled . Mortalityopen & diagnoseproblems
. Tempcontrol most important

22
 a2/a3/2020

.27 3i.5 60 65 14 " " L8 24 52

.27 11.5 60.65 .a 2t 24 EC fo4 lr'/'lii 65

ontr

.27 31.5 6G-65 22 27 24 Sugar28&/lir 85

-)7 3- 60 65 26 31 23.5 99.7

3oot-f

.34 ll 60 6s 30 38 ?3.5 NDclone 30 119

@i.5dosel
chick spr.y

.14 31 60{5 34 45 23 lkt O/W 140.76

4.Growing to Finishing

. As required guard
area extended
. Light offduration
1"3day to onward
2 hr from 12-2am

23
 a2103/2020

S.Catching & sale

. Catchingstart after 2am lil,ai5Jh !.,a rr r!! n

. Feeding during sale daysdepend upon ' Digital weigh balance

either you sale empty or full crop . Classical weigh balance
. Sale also very imp aspect
' Sale the birds direct to butcheror sale man.

FCR = Feed intake/Weight gain

Bffi*!I-H R AGE ANil WATERCOi.]$UMPTIOI'J

ffiAl LY \trATER e*r* S U &r1 pT*mht
$s.8
,,BROILERS"
tro.sl
(UNDER NORMAL CONDTTTONS)
70-* "

6r,s
DAYS OF AGE X 6 fiflL
ss.0

lo,0 -

3A.t.

?t,f:
rf.g

0.4
0 15 ts 25
Sffy* of igc

Vaccine schedule

Day old chick , ND + lB {at hatchery) S I C

56 Day ND clone 30 spray
@1.5dose/ chick
Day Gallirnune ND S /C (on

13thDay lBzrdshbt D/-w

Day
18tr1 tBD D /W
22-28 Days ND elone 3O D /W

24
 02/a3/202A

Hcw we d*terrnine Rl"{ ?

RH Table

ta 6l r; ll il '!r: ,1 1i {.{ trS

l1*t*!ltrr;i.6i:?*ir
lA gl Sl :-{ ;{ iJ aE ;; k. $l
tA & &a 4! 1? i3 ?i ti ,] d?
* r* 8r a; i] :r-, :l l3 !: rl
)* 'Jr! si 3{ a1 l} lt }r i1 &
l}*r ata:riri :,il1. }ryitri r'
,Ll rli:d . i.6

RH Table
I rtlrtirt hloi,lit. trlr rir r:mJ,*rru,r eirit lro<i . &r trttb;n,l i
lo rl*rrrurnr fu"i': r"i.r; ii i r * l ili i i $.i+ ii i'r p n.* :i r llit
i
i.; # r3"
ott htltr thrmrr*r;rr. I i,r,-{ t}rr difTelcntr h!{rr.E t&r (s!! &urorr{r*il'. r6J th{rl
rtr rhrrr rhe uonlxrr r*t{!r&r on ihr {&rrl }*11!i. . Daily open mortality
check specific lesions
nmr on specific sites
lrl{ttrti10iit, . lf you find any sign of
aI lrl t{t !t} a} J7 ?! i: :.t ! disease must control {
t0 i{ d,r $l 9t 49 *l tt }: ?? it immediately
t0 id !3 ig 63 t8 tl 15 lJ It '..
,0 t: l? ?3 6a fii ,9 55 9! ,lS
t0 l.t ?9 .\t t2 ii Br tr *r ,.
!0 fi1 !u r{ t* tl ri! 1,6 {r .tr

l$mirr{}rrrldil!*r!.:.ri1".;',,1"111*"J,1rr*irlirrrr,*...r,':i.rr,&i i,r{i}r{11.
r!rlra: !,rrli., s "irrdr

25
a2/031202a

26
a2/CI3t202A

27
02/a312020

28

. Live vaccines - consist of living attenuated organisms
capable of replicating in the chicken to indu.e immune
response or antibody production,
- time interval between the administration of a vaccine
and the appearance of protective antibodies - 10 *
14 days.
- therefore, vaccinated chickens never become
immunized immediately upon vaccination, but only
after an interval of time.
- The presence of high levels of egg-transferred
antibodies (maternal antibodies) in chicks seriously
interfere with vaccine responses - destroy or
neutralize the viruses in vaccines that rnay result in a
significantly shortened period of protection or failure
of the chicken to produce antibodies.
2. Bacterins - suspension of killed or weakened
bacteria used as a vaccine.
-
3. Antibiotic any of the large group of chemical
substance such as penicillin and streptomycin that
are produced by various microorganisms and fungi,
have the capacity in dilute solutions to inhibit the
growth of or to destroy bacteria and other
microorganisms and are used in the treatment of
infectious diseases causing the disease.
Tips of Vaccination
. Purchase recommended strain/type of
vaccines from reliable sources.
r r
Keep vaccines cool at alltimes - 4'C.
. Put vaccines in an icebox during transport.
. Take note of the expiratory date. Follow strict
vaccination schedule and proper use of
vaccines as indicated by the manufacturen
o Administer the correct dose.
azl03lzCI2a
- fully responding to vaccines until they 6 weeks of
age
- revaccinate chicks when they are immunized at
day-old or during the first week of life.
- Post-vaccination reaction after vaccination with
live vaccines for respiratory diseases;
a. decreased feed consumption
b. development of mild respiratory symptoms
. Associated;
- with poor environmental conditions
- improper management
- rough handling during vaccination
Vaccination Failure
. Administration of vaccines that do not contain the
appropriate strain or serotypes of the pathogen.
e Decreased vaccine potency due to improper storage
and/ or handling or ured of expired vaccines,
. Presence of hlgh levels of maternal antibody that
interferes with the irnmunizat[on process, particularly
in very young chicks.
. Improper method of administering the vaccine or
giving of inadequate dosage.
. Stress, incomplete development of imrnuno-
competence, poor nutrition, mycotoxin, presence of
concurrent immunosuppressive infections that tend to
cause less effective or incomplete immune
responsiveness to vaccines.
. Vaccinate healthy chickens only. Do not vaccinate
when there is an outbreak.
r Administer live vaccines within t hour after
reconstitution.
Avoid unnecessary stress during vaccination *
Anti-stress supplement may be given via
drinking water at least 2 days before and 3 days
after vaccination.
. Destroy unused reconstituted live vaccines.
. Check or monitor the immune response to NCD
or IBD live vaccines by using the Hl test of ELISA -
10 - 14 days after each NCD or IBD vaccination
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