FLOW OF

FLUIDS
NATURE OF
FLUIDS
 Question No.1

A fluid is one which

a. cannot remain at rest under the action of shear
force
b. continuously expands till it fills any container
c. is incompressible
d. permanently resists distortion
A
 Question No.2

In an incompressible fluid density

a. is greatly affected by moderate changes in
pressure
b. is greatly affected only by moderate changes in
temperature
c. remains unaffected with moderate change in
temperature and pressure
d. is sensible to changes in both temperature and
pressure
C
VISCOSITY
 Question No.3

Dimension of viscosity is
a. ML-1T-1
b. MLT-1
c. MLT-1T
d. MLT
A
 Question No.4

Poise is converted into stoke by

a. multiplying with density (g/cc)
b. dividing with density (g/cc)
c. multiplying with specific gravity
d. dividing with specific gravity
A
 Question No.5

Dimension of kinematic viscosity is

a. ML-2
b. L2T-1
c. L2T
d. L2T2
C
 Question No.6

With increase in the temperature viscosity of a

liquid
a. increase
b. decreases
c. remains constant
d. first decreases and then increases
B
 Question No.7

For water, when the pressure increases the

viscosity
a. also increases
b. decreases
c. remains constant
d. first decreases and then increases
D
 Question No.8

A certain oil is 100 times more viscous than

water at 25 0C. Its viscosity is
a. 0.001 Pa-s
b. 0.01 Pa-s
c. 0.10 Pa-s
d. 1 Pa-s
C
PRESSURE
 Question No.9

Choose the set of pressure intensities that are

equivalent
a. 4.33 psi, 10 ft. of water, 8.83 inches of Hg.
b. 4.33 psi, 10 ft. of water, 20.7 inches of Hg.
c. 10 psi, 19.7 ft. of water, 23.3 inches of Hg.
d. 10 psi, 19.7 ft of water, 5.3 inches of Hg.
A
 Question No.10

The absolute pressure exerted by water 2 m

below the surface of a swimming pool is
a. 20 kPa
b. 200 kPa
c. 150 kPa
d. none of these
D
LAMINAR AND
TURBULENT
FLOW
 Question No.11

The dimensionless number that characterizes

the flows of fluid in a conduit
a. Nusselt number
b. Grashof number
c. Peclet number
d. Reynolds number
D
 Question No.12

Turbulent flow generally occurs for cases

involving
a. very viscous fluid
b. very narrow passages for capillary tube
c. very slow motions
d. none of these
D
 Question No.13

Oil with a viscosity of 30 cP and a density of 60

lb/ft3 flows through a 1/2 inch inside diameter
pipe. Determine the velocity in ft/s below which
flow will be laminar.
a. 87.20
b. 13.10
c. 0.63
d. 16.90
D
 Question No.14

The value of critical Reynolds number for pipe flow

is
a. 1300
b. 10,000
c. 100,000
d. none of these
A
 Question No.15

Reynolds number flow of water at room

temperature through 2 cm diameter pipe at
average velocity of 5 cm/sec is around
a. 2000
b. 10
c. 100
d. 1000
D
 Question No.16

Water at 80 0F is flowing through a straight 4

inch SCH 40 pipe at a rate of 1 gpm. The length
of the pipe is 10 ft. What is the maximum
velocity of water in the pipe?
a. 0.0504 fps
b. 0.0354 fps
c. 0.0454 fps
d. 0.0254 fps
CONTINUITY
EQUATION
 Question No.17

A fluid flowing at a rate of 25 cubic meters per

hour in a 60 mm inside diameter pipe has an
average velocity in m/s equals to
a. 5.9
b. 1.5
c. 2.5
d. 0.6
C
 Question No.18

What is the hydraulic diameter of a rectangular

duct with dimensions 6 inches by 12 inches?
a. 8 inches
b. 10.63 inches
c. 10 inches
d. 11.86 inches
A
 Question No.19

Benzene flows through a 100 mm-diameter pipe

at a mean velocity of 3 m/s. Find the (a) volume
flow rate (b) weight flow rate, and (c) mass flow
rate. ρ=879 kg/m3
 0.0236 m3/s,
203.17 N/s and
20.71 kg/s
 Question No.20

Water at 20 0C flows steadily through the nozzle

at 50 kg/s. The diameters are D1 = 20 cm and
D2 = 6 cm. compute the average velocities at
sections 1 and 2. Density of water at 20 0C is 998
kg/m3.
1.59 m/s and
17.72 m/s
 Question No.21

In an air pipeline, the flow has the following

conditions at section 1: 25 0C, 1.8 bar, 15 m/s
velocity, and 50 mm inside diameter of pipe. At
section 2 the conditions are: 25 0C, 1.3 bar, and
75 mm inside diameter of pipe. Calculate the
mass flow rate of air and the velocity at section
2.
OVER-ALL
ENERGY
BALANCE
 Question No.22

What is the enthalpy of the steam at 150 psia

and 400 0F?
a. 1275 BTU/lb
b. 1195.2 BTU/lb
c. 1250 BTU/lb
d. 1220 BTU/lb
 Question No.23

Air expands adiabatically through a nozzle from

a negligible initial velocity to a final velocity of
325 m/s. What is the temperature drop of the air
if air is assumed to be ideal gas for which Cp =
7/2 R?
 Question No.24

Steam enters a turbine operating at steady state

at 600 0F and 200 psia (H = 1322.1 BTU/lb). The
inlet velocity is 80 fps and leaves as saturated
vapor at 5 psia and velocity = 300 fps. The
power developed by the turbine is 200 hp. Heat
loss to the surroundings is 50000 BTU/hr. What
is the mass flowrate of steam in kg/s?
 Question No.25
A small steam turbine delivers 100 hp at the turbine
shaft when the steam flows is 3600 lb/hr. The steam
enters the turbine at 150 psia and 440 0F with a
velocity of 100 ft/s. Steam leaves the turbine as wet
steam 2 in Hg abs with a quality of 92% and at a
velocity of 300 ft/s. Calculate the heat loss from the
turbine in kW.
 Question No.26
Air is flowing at a steady rate of 0.0232 lb/s through a
straight line having an inside diameter of 0.902 in. At
the first section the air has a temperature of 0.902 0F
and is under an absolute pressure of 0.2 atm. The
tube is heated, and the net input of power, between
the first and second section, is 174 watts. The air at
the second section is under an absolute pressure of
0.1 atm. The average specific heat of the air is 0.24
BTU/lb-0F. Calculate the temperature of the air
leaving the second section.
MECHANICAL
ENERGY
BALANCE
 Question No.27

Which of the following statement is not true?

a. Potential flow is a flow of compressible fluids
with no 　 shear.
b. Boundary layers are formed when moving
fluid is influenced by solid boundaries.
c. There are 8 schedule numbers in use for
standard pipes.
d. Roughness has no appreciable effect on the
friction factor when flow is laminar.
C
 Question No.28

Frictional losses through valves, fittings, bends

and contractors are commonly regarded as
proportional to
a. pressure drop
b. velocity head
c. static head
d. potential head
B
 Question No.29

The differential height between two points

where a fluid has to be transferred is the
a. potential head
b. velocity head
c. pressure head
d. dynamic head
A
 Question No.30

A viscous fluid flows through a pipe with

Re<100. If this liquid is heated to a temperature
at which is viscosity decreases to 1/2 its original
value, what will be the effect of pressure drop in
the pipe?
a. the pressure drop increases by 50 %
b. the pressure drop increase by 100 %
c. the pressure drop decreases by 50 %
d. the pressure drop decreases by 100 %
C
 Question No.31

When the flow is laminar

a. the pressure drop is proportional to the first
power of the velocity.
b. the pressure drop is proportional to the
square of the velocity.
c. the pressure drop is inversely proportional to
the velocity.
d. the pressure drop is not affected by the
velocity.
A
 Question No.32

When the ID of the pipe through which a fluid

flows is doubled, the pressure loss due to
friction per unit length of pipe for the same
volumetric flow rate is changed by
approximately a factor of
a. 1/8
b. 1/32
c. 1/16
d. 1/64
 Question No.33

The pressure drop of a pipeline increase by a

factor of ___ when the velocity of the flowing
fluid is doubled.
a. 1/2
b. 2
c. 1
d. 4
 Question No.34

Water at 60 0F is flowing through a 3 inch inside

diameter smooth pipe. If the Reynolds number
is 3.5 x104, the pressure drop in psi per foot
length of pipe is
a. 1.17
b. 0.017
c. 0.17
d. 0.0017
 Question No.35

In a certain chemical plant, the carbonate

solution used in the absorption tower is pump
continuously from the bottom of the lye storage
tank through a standard 4 in pipe and then
through the spray head at the top of the
scrubber. The depth of solution in the tank is 5 ft
and the vertical distance from the bottom of the
tank to the spray head is 105 ft. In a test on this
equipment the following data were obtained;
Rate of flow = 200 gpm, Specific gravity = 1.10;
Friction drop from tank to spray head = 15 ft-
lb/lb; Gage pressure on spray head =5 psi; Power
input to the pump= 15 hp. Calculate the
efficiency of the pump.
 Question No.36

A steel pipe having an inside diameter of 13.25

inches is to be designed to carry 48 bbl of oil per 24
hr day from a mid-continent field to a refinery
located 578 miles from the source. The difference
in elevation of the two ends of the line is negligible.
Calculate the horsepower theoretically required to
overcome friction in the pipeline. Since the
maximum allowable pressure in any section of the
line is 650 lb/in2, it will be necessary to insert
additional pumping stations at suitable intervals
along the pipeline. What is the smallest number of
pumping stations required? At the average
temperature involved, the oil has an absolute
viscosity of 50 cP and a specific gravity of 0.87.
 Question No.37

A town derives its water supply from a lake

nearby, pumping it up to a standpipe on the
highest hill. The intake to the system is 10 ft
below the lake surface, the inlet to the pump is
15 deep above the lake surface, and the water
level in the tower is kept constant 310 ft above
the pump discharge. The friction loss is 140 ft-
lb/lb of water through the 6000 feet of 4-inch
pipe line which includes the total equivalent
length of all piping from the lake to the water
tower. If the pump capacity is 6000 gph and the
water pump set is 85% efficient, what would be
the hourly pumping cost if electric power is 1
cent per kilowatt-hour?
COMPRESSIBLE
FLUIDS
 Question No.

A natural gas at 600F is flowing at a steady mass

rate through a steel main having an inside
diameter of 12 inches. The absolute pressure
drops from 40 to 20 atm, in a length of 500
miles of substantially horizontal pipe, the gas
has an average molecular weight of 17.3 and a
viscosity of 0.011 cP. Calculate the hourly rate of
flow expressed as ft3measured at 600F and
normal barometric pressure.
 PUMPS AND
COMPRESSOR
 Question No.

A pump delivers 40 gpm of water with a total

head of 40 ft. The efficiency of the pump is 65 %.
What is its BHP?
a. 0.62
b. 2.00
c. 0.70
d. 5.50
0.62
 Question No.

If the suction pressure is less than or is only

slighter greater than the vapor pressure of the
liquid being pumped, some of the liquid may be
flash inside the pump. This phenomenon is
called
a. flash vaporization
b. condensation
c. cavitation
d. evaporation
C
 Question No.

Pumps used in pumping moderately viscous and

viscous fluids.
a. centrifugal pumps
b. piston pumps
c. gear pumps
d. diaphragm pumps
C
 Question No.

The head developed by an ideal centrifugal

pump is directly proportional to the
a. square of the impeller speed
b. square root of the impeller speed
c. volumetric flowrate
d. cube of the volumetric flowrate
B
 Question No.

A pump delivering 500 GPM at 1150 RPM and

50 ft head requires 10 hp. What will be its
capacity if its speed is increased to 1750 RPM?
760 GPM
 Question No.

Calculate the theoretical horsepower required to

compress 100 cfm of carbon dioxide at -60 0F
and 1 atm to 10 atm in a single stage adiabatic
compressor. Use Cp/Cv = 1.3
 Question No.

A water storage tank supplies water into a

factory. Water is supplied to the tank through a
booster pump installed in the water line. The
theoretical pump horsepower required is 3.25
hp. What is the monthly operating cost of the
pump, if electrical power cost on the average is
P 3.73/kWh? The pump is 65% efficient and
operates for 12 hours a day.
a. P 3300
b. P 5000
c. P 7000
d. none of these
B
METERING OF
FLUIDS
 Question No.

Which valve is used accurately to regulate the

flow of liquids and gases at low flowrates?
a. Check valve
b. Needle Valve
c. Ball valve
d. Globe valve
C