University of Antique

College of Engineering and Architecture

Sibalom, Antique

PHYS 2
Kinematics

LINEAR MOTION

A Body is said to be in linear motion if the path traced by it is a straight line.

Linear motion with constant velocity

Note: The velocity of the body is fixed or permanent all throughout the period.

Where: S= horizontal distance traveled

V= velocity (speed)
t= time consumed in travelling distance S

S
V=
t

Linear motion with constant acceleration

Acceleration= change in velocity with respect to time

Horizontal Travel:
Where: S= horizontal distance traveled
V= final velocity
Vo= initial velocity
t= time consumed in travelling distance S
a= acceleration
+ sign for body speeding up, - sign for body slowing down/ decelerating

1
S=V o t ± a t 2
2

V =V o ± at

V 2=V o2 ± 2 aS

Horizontal Travel:

Theory: Any body thrown freely up or down, will be subjected to acceleration due to gravity g

For a body traveling downward, the body is accelerating (speeding up) while for a body
traveling up, the body is decelerating (slowing down).

Standard values of g:
m
g=9.81
s2
cm
g=981 2
s
ft
g=32.2 2
s
Where: H= vertical distance traveled
V= final velocity
Vo= initial velocity
t= time consumed in travelling height H
g= gravitational acceleration
+ sign for body moving down, - sign for body moving up

1
H=V o t ± g t 2
2

V =V o ± g t

V 2=V o2 ± 2 gH

Sample Problems

1. A car starts from rest has a constant acceleration of 4 m/s 2. What is the distance
covered by the car after 3 seconds?

From S= Vot + (1/2)at2

S= (0)(3) + (1/2) (4) (3)2
S= __________

2. Car A is moving at 6 m/s and is accelerating at 1.5 m/s 2to overtake car B which is
115.2 m ahead. If car B is moving at 18 m/s and is decelerating at 0.9 m/s 2, how soon will car
A pass car B?

For Car A:

From S= Vot + (1/2)at2

S = 6t + (1/2)(1.5)t2 --------Eq 1
A

For Car B:

SB= 18t - (1/2)(0.9)t2 --------Eq 2

SA= SB+115.2 then substitute and use comparison

t= ____________

3. A ball is dropped from the top of a building 150m high at the same instant another is
thrown upward from the ground. The balls pass each other at a point 60m above the ground.
What was the initial velocity of the second ball?
1st ball:

H = Vot + (1/2)gt2
1
90= (1/2) (9.81)t2

t= 4.28 seconds

2nd ball:

H = Vot - (1/2)gt2
2
60= Vo (4.28) + (1/2) (9.81) (4.28)2

Vo= _________