SH1684

Periodic Elements and Ionic Charges

Table 8.1. The valence electron(s) of the main group elements and its charges in ionic form.
Group Element Symbol Simple Ion Charge Valence
Electron(s)
Hydrogen H +1 1
Lithium Li +1 1
Sodium Na +1 1
Group IA
Potassium K +1 1
Rubidium Rb +1 1
Cesium Cs +1 1
Beryllium Be +2 2
Magnesium Mg +2 2
Group IIA Calcium Ca +2 2
Strontium Sr +2 2
Barium Ba +2 2
Boron B 3
Group IIIA
Aluminum Al +3 3
Carbon C 4
Silicon Si 4
Group IVA
Tin Sn +2 4
Lead Pb +2 4
Nitrogen N -3 nitride 5
Group VA Phosphorus P -3 phosphide 5
Arsenic As 5
Oxygen O -2 oxide 6
Group VIA
Sulfur S -2 sulfide 6
Fluorine F -1 fluoride 7
Chlorine Cl -1 chloride 7
Group VIIA
Bromine Br -1 bromide 7
Iodine I -1 iodide 7

Table 8.2. The ionic charges of transition metals.

Element Symbol Simple Ion Charge
Chromium Cr Chromium (II) – +2
Chromium (III) – +3
Manganese Mn +2
Iron Fe Ferrous – +2
Ferric – +3
Cobalt Co Cobaltous – +2
Cobaltic – +3
Nickel Ni +2
Copper Cu Cuprous – +2

08 Handout 1 *Property of STI

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Cupric – +1
Zinc Zn +2
Silver Ag +1
Cadmium Cd +2
Mercury Hg +2

Table 8.3. The Nomenclature of different polyatomic ions.

Ion Name Ion Name
NH4 + Ammonium CO 3 2- Carbonate
NO 2 - Nitrite HCO 3 - Bicarbonate
NO 3 - Nitrate ClO 4 - Perchlorate
SO 3 2- Sulfite ClO 3 - Chlorate
SO 4 2- Sulfate ClO 2 - Chlorite
HSO 4 - Bisulfate ClO- Hypochlorite
OH- Hydroxide C 2 H3 O 2 - Acetate
PO 4 3- Phosphate Cr 2 O 7 2- Dichromate
HPO 4 2- Hydrogen phosphate CrO 4 - Chromate
H2 PO 4 - Dihydrogen phosphate CN- Cyanide

Reference:
University of Massachusetts. (nd).The common elements and their simple ion charges. Retrieved
from http://www.chem.umass.edu/~rday/chem110/Elem00.html on April 21, 2017.

08 Handout 1 *Property of STI

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