DESIGN OF HOLDING TANK

S.No Calculations Results Units

1 Capacity of tank = 500,000 lit

2 Assume depth of tank, h = 3.9 m

3 depth of earth = 1.65 m

4 Free board = 0.5 m

5 Depth of water h' = 3.00 m

6 Area of tank = 166.67 m2

6 Width of Tank (B), B = 12 m
6 Assume L = 2B, L X B = Area, 2B X B = Area, 2B = Area
2

7 B = (Area/2)1/2

8 Length of Tank (L), Area/B L = 14 m

9 Unit Weight of Soil, Yd = 18 KN/m3

10 Angle of Repose, Ф = 30 O

11 Out side saturated soil height (if any) h' = 0 m

12 Compressive strength of concrete, fck = 30 N/mm2

13 Yield strength of steel, fy = 500 N/mm2

14 Effective cover, Cc = 30 mm

15 Permissible stress in concrete, σcbc = 10 N/mm2

16 Permissible stress in steel, away from water face σst = 130 N/mm2

17 Modular ratio, m = 280/3.σcbc, m = 9.33

Critical design cases

Case 1 : When the tank is full & surrounding soil is dry

Case 2 : when the tank is empty & surrounding soil is water logged
All Walls will be designed as Propped Cantilevers

17 Case 1 : Analysis. When the tank is full & surrounding soil is dry
Maximum soil Pressure, ps = 9.91 KN/m2
p= Ka Yd h, Where, Ka = (1-sinФ)/(1+sinФ)

Maximum water pressure, pw = 29.43 KN/m2

Net Max. pressure, p = 19.52 KN/m2

Max. B.M. producing tension away from water face = 5.24 KN.m

Max. B.M. producing tension near the water face = 11.71 KN.m

B.M.max = ph2/15

18 Case 2 : Analysis. when the tank is empty & surrounding soil is water logged
Maximum soil Pressure, ps = 9.91 KN/m2
p= Ka Yd h, Where, Ka = (1-sinФ)/(1+sinФ)
 Max. B.M. producing tension near the water face = 0.81 KN.m

B.M.max = ph2/33.5

Max. B.M. producing tension away from water face = 1.8 KN.m

B.M.max = ph2/15
Case B.M producing tension B.M producing tension away

on water face (KN.m) from water face (KN.m)

1 11.71 5.24

2 0.81 1.8

Permissible
2 tensile stresses in concrete, f = 2.000 N/mm2

Depth required for no cracking, D = 187.43 mm

Mu = 1/6fbD2 , D= (6 Mu/f x b)1/2

D,provided = 300 mm

Effective depth, d = 270 mm

Ast1=M/σst j d, j = 1-k/3, k=σcbc/(σcbc+σst/m), k = 0.42

j = 0.86

Reinforcement at the soil face, Ast1 = 173.59 mm2

Ast1 minimum = 648 mm2

Diameter of bars = 12 mm

Spacing of bars Required = 174 mm

Spacing of bars provided = 125 mm

Ast1,Provided = 904.32 mm2
Provide12mm dia bars at 125mm c/c
Reinforcement at the water face, Ast2 = 336.2 mm2
Ast2 minimum = 648 mm2
Diameter of bars = 12 mm

Spacing of bars Required = 174 mm

Spacing of bars provided = 125 mm

Ast2,Provided = 904.32 mm2

Provide12mm dia bars at 125mm c/c

20 Check for minimum reinforcement

Minimum Reinforcement percent = 0.24 %

Ast,dist = 648 mm2

Diameter of bars = 12 mm

Spacing of bars Required = 174 mm

Spacing of bars provided = 150 mm

 Position of Actual neutral axis (n) = 150.09 mm

Check for cracking stress away from water face

Total tension = 80570.394 N

M.R = Total tension x 0.82 d

Cracking Stress, Ct = 0.29 N/mm2
= 0.29<2
= Safe

Check for cracking stress near water face

Total tension = 80477.983 N

M.R = Total tension x 0.82 d

Cracking Stress, Ct = 0.66 N/mm2

= 0.66<2
= Safe

Minimum Reinforcement (IS:3370(Part II)-Clause 7.1)

Case1.For sections up to 100mm thick, the minimum reinforcement in walls, floors & roofs shall

have an area of 0.3 percent of concrete section.

Case2.For sections of thickness greater than 100mm & less than 450mm the minimum reinforcement

shall be linearly reduced from 0.3 percent for 100mm thick to 0.2 percent for 450mm thick

Case3.For sections greater than 450mm, minimum reinforcement shall be 0.2 percent.

Case4.The minimum reinforcement may be decreased by 20 percent in case of high yield

strength deformed bars conforming to IS:1786-1966

21 Distribution steel for wall Pt = 0.24 %

Ast,dist = 648 mm2

Diameter of bars = 10 mm

Spacing of bars Required = 121 mm

Spacing of bars provided = 150 mm

Provide10mm dia bars at 150mm c/c

22 DESIGN OF ROOF SLAB

Assume thickness of slab, D = 0 mm

Effective Depth, d = 0 mm

Load calculations

span = 2.5 m

Dead load of slab = 0 KN/m2

Floor finishes = 1.5 KN/m2

Live Load = 3 KN/m2

Total Load = 4.5 KN/m2

 Maximum B.M, M.max = 3.53 KN.m

Effective depth required, d,reqd = 44.21 mm

Ast = #DIV/0! mm2

Diameter of bars = 10 mm

Spacing of bars Required = #DIV/0! mm

Spacing of bars provided = 150 mm

Provide10mm dia bars at 150mm c/c

23 Distribution steel roof slab Pt = 0.3 %

Ast,dist = 0 mm2

Diameter of bars = 10 mm

Spacing of bars Required = #DIV/0! mm

Spacing of bars provided = 150 mm

Provide10mm dia bars at 150mm c/c

24 DESIGN OF BASE SLAB

25 Case 1:When tank is full

Consider 1 m run of the tank

Weight of roof slab = 0 KN/m

Walls : = 58.5 KN/m

Total = 58.5 KN/m

( Note : Water pressure on the base slab and the weight of base
slab will be directly countracted by ground pressure and will,

therefore, not be included in the B.M calculations)

29.232 KN 29.232 KN

12.3

0.15

4.64KN/m2

Base Width of tank = 12.6 m

Net Upward Reaction = 4.64 KN/m2

Reaction of vertical wall = 29.232 KN

BM at the centre due to above loading = 87.7 KNm

Total BM at the centre = 99.41 KNm

BM at the end due to above loading

Hogging BM = 11.71 KNm

Sagging BM = 0.05 KNm

 Total BM at end = 11.66 KNm

26 Case 2:When tank is Empty

BM due to Soil Pressure on the vertical walls = 1.8 KNm

BM at the centre due to vertical loads = 87.7 KNm

Total BM at the centre = -85.9 KNm

Total BM at the end = 1.85 KNm

Case B.M at End section B.M at Mid section

(KN.m) (KN.m)
1 11.66 99.41

2 1.85 -85.9

Permissible
2 tensile stresses in concrete, f = 2 N/mm2

Depth required for no cracking, D = 546.1 mm

Mu = 1/6fbD2 , D= (6 Mu/f x b)1/2

D,provided = 550 mm

Effective depth, d = 500 mm

Ast1=M/σst j d, j = 1-k/3, k=σcbc/(σcbc+σst/m), k = 0.42

j = 0.86

Reinforcement at the soil face, Ast1 = 1778.35 mm2

Ast1 = 1778.35 mm2

Diameter of bars = 16 mm

Spacing of bars Required = 113 mm

Spacing of bars provided = 125 mm

Ast1,Provided = 1607.68 mm2

Provide16mm dia bars at 125mm c/c

Reinforcement at the water face, Ast2 = 1331.78 mm2

Ast2 = 1331.78 mm2

Diameter of bars = 16 mm

Spacing of bars Required = 151 mm

Spacing of bars provided = 150 mm

Ast2,Provided = 1339.73 mm2

Provide16mm dia bars at 150mm c/c

27 Check for minimum reinforcement

Minimum Reinforcement percent = 0.16 %

Ast,dist = 800 mm2

Diameter of bars = 12 mm
 Spacing of bars Required = 141 mm

Spacing of bars provided = 125 mm

Position of Actual neutral axis (n) = 274.13 mm

Check for cracking stress away from water face

Total tension = 148502.87 N

M.R = Total tension x 0.82 d

Cracking Stress, Ct = 1.63 N/mm2

= 1.63<2
= Safe

Check for cracking stress away from water face

Total tension = 147476.8 N

M.R = Total tension x 0.82 d

Cracking Stress, Ct = 0.03 N/mm2

= 0.03<2
= Safe

28 Distribution steel for Base slab Pt = 0.16 %

Ast,dist = 800 mm2

Diameter of bars = 12 mm

Spacing of bars Required = 141 mm

Spacing of bars provided = 125 mm

Provide12mm dia bars at 125mm c/c