Slide 1 ___________________________________

Conceptualizing
ACTION RESEARCH ___________________________________
in Inclusive Classrooms
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PREPARED BY
DARLINA B. FORMOSO
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Slide 2 ___________________________________
Our job as teachers…

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Photo source: Philippine Star, 2018

ACTION RESEARCH helps us teachers to be more evidence-based

in our instructional practices so that we can connect our actions to
the achievement of student learning outcomes.
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Slide 3 ___________________________________
EVIDENCE-BASED EDUCATION

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Source: http://www.deped.gov.ph › orders › do-16-s-2017

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Slide 4 ___________________________________
ACTION RESEARCH

1. Knowing (5Ws)
What is AR?
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Why do we do AR?
Who should do AR?
When should we do it?
Where should we conduct it? ___________________________________
2. Doing (1H)
How do we do action research?
3. Writing
How do we share our action research? ___________________________________

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Slide 5 ___________________________________
What is ACTION RESEARCH?

- a systematic process of inquiring ___________________________________

conducted to gather information about the
ways in which particular schools operate,
how the teachers teach, and how the
students learn in order to enhance the ___________________________________
probability that a given curriculum,
instructional strategy or technology will
improve student outcomes.
Source:
Mill, 2000; Gay, Mills, and Airasian, 2006; and Fraenkel et al., 2011 as cited by Nguyen,2015.
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Slide 6 From the definition, we understand

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that…
1. Self-inquiry (Carr & Kemmis,1986). ___________________________________
2. A systematic process (Corey, 1953 as cited by Mehrotra,
2016).
3. Context-based (Clark, 2020)
4. Iterative (Clark, 2020) ___________________________________
5. Findings are not conclusive or absolute, but ongoing
(Koshy, 2010)
6. Individual, Collaborative, Schoolwide or Systemwide,
(Calhoun, 2019). ___________________________________

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Slide 7 ___________________________________
?
1. If I want to do an action research, I can
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ask or commission someone to conduct it
for me.

2. If I want to do an action research, I can

start with the suggested titles given in
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the internet.

3. I can apply the findings of the Action

Research conducted by other teachers in
my own classes.
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Slide 8 ___________________________________
? ___________________________________
4. Action Research ends when I have
already written the Action Plan.

5. When I reflect upon the problems I ___________________________________

encounter in my classroom and do
something to address the problem,
that is already an Action Research.
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Slide 9 ___________________________________
Why do we do AR?

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Slide 10 ___________________________________
Who should do Action Research?

All teachers… ___________________________________

all administrators…
and all who have a stake in the education process!
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- in either PRACTICAL ACTION RESEARCH or
COLLABORATIVE ACTION RESEARCH

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Slide 11 When should we do

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Action Research?
We do action research when we have a practical ___________________________________
problem to solve!

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Slide 12 ___________________________________
PRACTICAL PROBLEM (Adu,2016)

• Encounter a problem ___________________________________

• Seek a problem

• Generate a problem ___________________________________

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Slide 13 ___________________________________
QUESTION:

Is this action research study

REACTIVE, PROACTIVE or INNOVATIVE? ___________________________________

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Type your answer in the chat box!

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Slide 14 ___________________________________
REACTIVE, PROACTIVE
or INNOVATIVE?

Improving Mathematics ___________________________________

Performance Through the Use
of Differentiated Instruction by
Grade Four Teachers in Guinto
Elementary School ___________________________________
Type your answer in the chat box!
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Source: https://www.teacherph.com/deped-action-research-topics-and-titles/

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Slide 15 ___________________________________
REACTIVE, PROACTIVE
or INNOVATIVE?

Examining Teachers'
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Technological Pedagogical
Knowledge (TPK): Basis for
Conduct of Technology-Driven
Instruction Enhancement ___________________________________
Program
Type your answer in the chat box!
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Source: https://www.teacherph.com/deped-action-research-topics-and-titles/

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Slide 16 ___________________________________
REACTIVE, PROACTIVE
or INNOVATIVE?

Maximizing Parents'
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Involvement in Monitoring
Students' Performance in
School ___________________________________
Type your answer in the chat box!
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Source: https://www.teacherph.com/deped-action-research-topics-and-titles/

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Slide 17 ___________________________________
REACTIVE, PROACTIVE
or INNOVATIVE?

The Impact of Communicative

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Language Teaching Strategies
in Solving English Oral
Communication Learning
Deficiency
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Type your answer in the chat box!
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Source: https://www.teacherph.com/deped-action-research-topics-and-titles/

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Slide 18 ___________________________________
REACTIVE, PROACTIVE
or INNOVATIVE?

The Effects of Flipped

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Classroom Learning Model on
the Performance of Grade 8
Students in Solving Non-
routine Mathematical ___________________________________
Problems
Type your answer in the chat box!
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Source: https://www.teacherph.com/deped-action-research-topics-and-titles/

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Slide 19 Where should we conduct Action
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Research?
In your classroom! ___________________________________
In your school!

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Slide 20 Where should we conduct Action

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Research?
In your classroom! ___________________________________
In your school!

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Slide 21 ___________________________________
ACTION RESEARCH


1. Knowing (5Ws)
What is AR?
Why do we do AR?
Who should do AR?
When should we do it?
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Where should we conduct it?

2. Doing (1H)
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How do we do action research?
3. Writing
How do we share our action research?
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Slide 22 ___________________________________

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Slide 23 ___________________________________

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Slide 24 ___________________________________

• Identify, examine
or generate a
• Generate a
potential
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practical solution that
problem will address the

• Collect data
problem
(action plan)
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about the
problem
• Implement the
• Analyze solution ___________________________________

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Slide 25 ___________________________________

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1st Cycle ___________________________________

(Adu,2016)

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Slide 26 ___________________________________
REFLECT
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REVISE
2nd Cycle ___________________________________
(Adu,2016)

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Slide 27 ___________________________________
Kurt Lewin, 1930s

•Planning ___________________________________
•Acting
•Observing
•Reflecting ___________________________________

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Slide 28 ___________________________________

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Let us walk through the AR process… ___________________________________

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Slide 29 ___________________________________
Question:
In this classroom, what problem/s
could the teacher (possibly) encounter?
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Slide 30 Behavior related

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• Absenteeism
• Bullying
Step 1. • Limited attention span
Encounter an existing problem • Classroom rules violations ___________________________________
Subject learning related
• Difficulty learning English
vocabulary
• Reading problems ___________________________________
Instructional Support
related
• Learning materials
• Unsupportive parents
Photo source: Philippine Star, 2018
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Slide 31 Step 1.
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Encounter an existing problem

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Difficulty learning English vocabulary

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What is next?

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Slide 32 ___________________________________
Step 2.
Examine the problem
and come up with a solution.
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Check the current situation
• Look at the students’ scores in the quizzes
• In what specific areas are they having difficulties with?
• How many are failing? How many are passing? ___________________________________
• What could possibly be the reason for their difficulty?
• How many words are they expected to learn in a day?
• How is vocabulary learning taught in class? ___________________________________

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Slide 33 ___________________________________
Step 2.
Examine the problem
and come up with a solution.
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Search for solution:
Study basic concepts and theories about learning vocabulary
Search for best practices in vocabulary learning
Read some research articles about vocabulary learning ___________________________________
Choose a potential solution

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Slide 34 ___________________________________
Step 2.
Examine the problem
and come up with a solution.
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Search for solution:

GAMIFICATION through QUIZLET

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Slide 35 ___________________________________

An action plan is a checklist for the steps or tasks you need

to complete in order to achieve the goals you have set.
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Generally, an action plan has the following components:
• Goal
• Tasks/ steps ___________________________________
• People Responsible
• Timeline (start and end)
• Resources
• Indicators ___________________________________

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Slide 36 Practical Problem: ___________________________________

Difficulty learning English vocabulary
Potential solution :
GAMIFICATION through QUIZLET
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Goal :
At the end of the intervention period, students will learn
new vocabulary words, use them correctly in sentences, ___________________________________
and understand their meaning in the text.

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Slide 37 Practical Problem: ___________________________________
Difficulty learning English vocabulary
Potential solution :
GAMIFICATION through QUIZLET
Tasks/ steps ___________________________________
1. Prepare the list of vocabulary words
2. Develop a test covering the vocabulary words in the list.
3. Give the pretest.
4. Create activities in Quizlet (flipping flashcards, writing the word
meaning, spelling and taking tests involving word meaning, matching
questions and true/false questions).
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5. Provide instruction to students on how to access the Quizlet and give
demonstration on how to answer the activities.
6. Monitor student attendance in Quizlet making sure that everyone is
answering the activities regularly.
7. Give post-test
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Slide 38 Practical Problem: ___________________________________

Difficulty learning English vocabulary
Potential solution :
GAMIFICATION through QUIZLET
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People : Teacher
Timeline : (5 weeks)
Resources : smartphones, laptop, ___________________________________
internet connection, others
Indicators : individual scores, playing time,
number of students who played,
attendance, test scores ___________________________________

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Slide 39 ___________________________________

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Slide 40 ___________________________________

IMPLEMENT THE PLAN…

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Monitor student progress!

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End of Action Research Cycle 1

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Slide 41 ___________________________________

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Action
Research
Cycle 2
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Slide 42 Writing the Action Research

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(APA format)
•Introduction ___________________________________
•Methodology
•Results
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•Discussion
•Recommendation
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Slide 43 ___________________________________
Writing the Action Research (DEPED, 2017)

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Slide 44 ___________________________________
Assignment: Make an Action Plan

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Slide 45 ___________________________________

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Thank you very much! ___________________________________

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