Diuretics Increase urine volume produced, The benefits apply to CVDs, eyes,

eliminating excess fluids and salts, and kidneys. Risks are: too low blood
decreasing blood volume. pressure that may be serious. Side
Anti- Beta Block response of the heart to hormones effects are separate but usually are
blockers such as adrenaline, which speeds up heart coughs, ankles swelling, weakness,
hypertensive rate.
tiredness and fatigue, constipation.
Sympathetic Inhibit sympathetic nerves (they stimulate
(Drug which
nerve artery constriction) keeping arteries dilated.
reduces
inhibitors
hypertension.) ACE Block angiotensin hormones (they stimulate
inhibitors blood vessel constriction).
Statins Drugs that block the enzyme in the liver that Muscle and joint aches and nausea,
makes cholesterol and block LDLs constipation and diarrhoea MAY be
(Substances production, improving LDL:HDL and side effects. Exceedingly rare: myositis
reducing inflammation in the arteries’ lining. & damage to liver. Subtle risk: Person
which reduce
Benefits: reduce CVR more than placebo & may no longer try to eat healthy diet.
blood
reduce CVR for up to 10 years.
cholesterol
Plant Sold as food to reduce cholesterol absorbed It has not been tested like statins, but
levels.) stanols and from your gut into your blood, making it obviously side effects can include fat
sterols easier to metabolise cholesterol and reduce in the stool or diarrhoea.
LDL levels in blood.
Anticoagulant Warfarin Low prothrombin levels make blood clot Main side effect is obviously bleeding.
(interferes harder. Benefits: can be used as rat poison. Others are red urine, bloody stool,
building Iin humans, however, it should be carefully coughing up blood, vomiting of blood.
prothrombin.) monitored.

Aspirin Aspirin is the most common and cheapest form. Clopidogrel is also common. The risks
Platelet
of taking aspirin are known: irritates stomach lining and bleeding in the stomach which
inhibitory drug
Clopidogrel can be serious. Clopidogrel also causes nausea and stomach ache/abdominal pain.
(Drug used to Obviously, in both of them it will take longer to clot so there will be increased bleeding
prevent blood if skin is cut. A combination of clopidogrel and aspirin is possible, but it is also possible
clots forming by that their side effects outweigh their benefits as they cause major bleedings and major
preventing stomach bleedings. It is difficult to achieve the correct balance between preventing the
platelets blood from clotting too easily while allowing it to clot when necessary. The decision
clumping whether to give warfarin will depend on many factors, including the patient’s age and
together.) condition as well as other medication they may be taking.