BERNOULLI’S EQUATION

Given: y ′ + Px(y) = Q(x)yn →Equation (a)

If n = 1, The variables are separable

If n ≠ 1, Equation (a) may be written in the form

y−n dy
+ Py1−n = Q
dx

Let z = y1−n

dz = (1 – n)y −n dy
dz
and y −n dy =
( 1−n )

dz
Therefore, ( + P(z) = Q
1−n )dx

multiplying the Equation by (1 – n), the Equation becomes,

dz
+ (1 − n)P(z)dx = (1 − n)Q
dx

or, dz + (1 – n ) P(z)dx = ( 1 – n ) Qdx ; which is a Linear Equation in Standard Form.

SAMPLE PROBLEMS:

[Example 1]

Find the PS (when x=2, y=1)

(𝐲 𝟒 - 𝟐𝐱𝐲)𝐝𝐱 + 𝟑𝐱 𝟐 𝐝𝐲 = 𝟎
[Example 2]

y(6𝐲 𝟐 − 𝐱 − 𝟏)𝐝𝐱 + 𝟐𝐱𝐝𝐲 = 𝟎

[Example 3]
𝐝𝐲
𝟐𝐱 𝟑 = 𝐲(𝐲 𝟐 + 𝟑𝐱 𝟐 )
𝐝𝐱
[Example 4]

Find the PS (when x=1, y=1)

(𝟐𝐲 𝟑 - 𝐱 𝟑 )𝐝𝐱 + 𝟑𝐱𝐲 𝟐 𝐝𝐲 = 𝟎

Assign:

Solve problem no. 27 in three methods pp. 77