7.

Hallar el valor del polinomio P (x) de acuerdo al valor de x dado

x2 x 1 −1
7.1.- P( x)= –5 + en x= =
3 4 2 2

−1 2 −1 1 5
)( ( ) ( ) ( )
−1 2 2 1 −1 4 2 1 1 5 1 2+15+ 12 29
P( )= –5 + = P( )= + + = + + = =
2 3 4 2 2 3 4 2 12 8 2 24 24

x2 x 1 −1
Entonces el valor numérico del polinomio P( x)= – 5 + en x= =
3 4 2 2

−1 2 −1
)( ( )
−1 2 2 1 19
P( )= –5 + =
2 3 4 2 24

2 1 1 2 1 −7 10
7.2.- P( x)=−7 x −10 x +3 en x=1/ 2 = P( )=−7( ) −10 ( )+3 = − +3 =
2 2 2 4 2

−7 −7−20+12 −15
−5+ 3 = =
4 4 4

3 2 3 2
7.3.- P( x)=x +2 x – 5 x +1 en x = -3 = P(−3)=(−3) +2(−3) −5(−3)+1 =

P(-3) = -27+18+15+1 = 7
3 3
7.4.- P( x)=x −3 x+1 en x = -1 = P(−1)=(−1) −3(−1)+1 = -1+3+1 = 3

P(3)=2(3)3−6(3)2+ 3−5 = 54-54-2 = -2

3 2
7.5.- P(x)2 x – 6 x + x−5 en x = 3 =

7.6.- P( x)=3 x 3 + 4 x 2−10 x−5 en x = -2 = P(−2)=3(−2)3 + 4(−2)2 – 10(−2)−5 =

-24 + 16+20-5 = 7

7.7.- P( x)=4 x 3−7 x 2 +13 x en x = 4 = P(4 )=4 ( 4)3 – 7(4)2+ 13(4 ) = 256-112+52= 196

7.8.- P( x)=x 3−7 x 2+12 x +2 en x = -3 P(−3)=(−3)3 – 7(−3)2+ 12(−3)+2 =

-27-63-36+2 = -128

Pág. 20/106
7.9.- P( x)=2 x 4 – 16 x 2 +8 x−4 en x = 2 → P(2)=2.24 −16.22+ 8.2−4 = 32-64+16-4 = -20

7.10.- P( x)3 x5 – 8 x 3 +4 x+1 en x = 3 → P(3)=3( 3)5 −8(3)3 +4 (3)+1 = 729-216+13 = 526

−1 −1 −1 3 −1 2 −1
7.11.- P(x)=3 x 3 −7 x 2 +12 x+3 en x = = P( )=3( ) −7( ) +12 ( )+3 =
3 3 3 3 3

−1 −1 1 −1 −1 −3 7 −12
P( )=3( )−7( )+12 ( )+3 = P( )=( )−( )+( )+3 =
3 27 9 3 3 27 9 3

−1 7 −8 −8−9 −17
( )−( )−4 +3 = −1 = =
9 9 9 9 9

1
7.12.- P( x)=16 x 4−8 x 3 +16 x2 −4 x +3 en x = →
4
1 1 4 1 3 1 2 1 1 16 8 16
P( )=16 ( ) −8 ( ) +16 ( ) – 4. +3 = P( )= – + −1+3 =
4 4 4 4 4 4 256 64 16

1 1 1−2+48 47
– +3 = =
16 8 16 16

7.13.- P( x)=2 x 4 + x3 – 10 x 2 +24 en x = -2 → P(−2)=2(−2)4 +(−2)3 −10(−2)2 +24 =

4 3 2
2(2) −(2) −10(2) + 24 = 32-8–40+24 = 8

−1 −1 −1 4 −1 3 −1 2 −1
7.14.- P( x)=2 x 4 + 6 x3 +7 x 2 – x +5 en x = → P( )=2( ) +6( ) + 7( ) – ( )+5
2 2 2 2 2 2

2 6 7 1 1 3 7 1 1 1 1 1 1+ 4+48 53
= − + + +5 = – + + +5 = +1+ + 5 = + +6 = =
16 8 4 2 8 4 4 2 8 2 8 2 8 8

x3 7 x2 3 x 9 (−10)3 7 (−10)2 3 (−10) 9

7.15.- p(x)= + – + en x=−10 p(−10)= + – + =
10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

−1000+700+30+ 9 −261
=
10 10

4 3 2
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
7.16.- P( x)=x 4 – x 3+ x 2−x + en x = = P( )=( ) – ( ) +( ) −( )+ =
100 10 10 10 10 10 10 100

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1−10−1000+ 200 −809

– + – + = – – + = =
10000 1000 100 10 100 10000 1000 10 100 10000 10000

Pág. 21/106
7.17.- P( x)=8 x 4 – 28 x3 – 62 x 2+ 7 x +15 en x = -1 =
4 3 2
P(−1)=8(−1) – 28(−1) – 62(−1) + 7(−1)+15 = 8+28-62-7+15 = -18

7.18.- P( x)=7 x6 + 8 x 5−3 x 4 – 11 x 2 + x−1 en x = 1 =

6 5 4 2
P(1)=7(1) +8( 1) −3 (1) – 11(1) +(1)−1 = 7+8-3-11 = 1

5 4 3 2 −1
7.19.- P( x)=81 x +27 x – 243 x – 9 x +3 x+1 en x= =
2

−1 −1 5 −1 4 −1 3 −1 2 −1
P( )=81( ) +27 ( ) – 243( ) – 9( ) +3 ( )+1 =
2 2 2 2 2 2

−81 27 243 9 3 −81+54+972−72−48 825 825+32 857

+ + − – +1 = +1 = +1 = =
32 16 8 4 2 32 32 32 32

1
7.20.- P( x)=2 x 7 + 4 x6 + 8 x 5 +16 x 4 +32 x3 +64 x2 +128 x+ 1 en x=
2
7 6 5 4 3 2
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
P( )=2( ) + 4( ) +8 ( ) +16 ( ) +32( ) +64 ( ) +128 ( )+ 1 =
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

2 4 8 16 32 64 128 2+ 8+32+128+512+2048+8192
+ + + + + + +1 = +1 =
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 128

10922 10922+128 11050 5525

+1 = = =
128 128 128 64

3 2 4
8.- Diga si x = 1 es raíz del polinomio P( x)=2 x – x – x

P(1) = 2.1-1-1 = 0 → x = 1 es raíz del polinomio P(x) (V)

3 2
9.- Diga si x = −2 es raíz del polinomio P( x)=x + x + x+ 6
3 2
P(−2)=(−2) +(−2) +(−2)+6 → -8+4-2+6 = 0 (V)

Pág. 22/106
 1
10.- Si x= es raís de P( x)=2 x 4 – x 3 – 2 x+ 1 →
2

1 1 4 1 3 1 2 1 2−2
P( )=2( ) – ( ) – 2( )+1 = – −1+1 = = 0 (V)
2 2 2 2 16 8 16
4 3 2
11.- Si x = -2 over 3 es raíz del polinomio p(x)=3 x + 2 x – 6 x – 7 x−2 →
4 3 2
−2 −2 −2 −2 −2 16 16 24 14
p( )=3( ) +2( ) – 6( ) – 7( )−2 = 3( ) – – + −2 =
3 3 3 3 3 3.27 27 9 3

16 16 24 14 – 8 14 6
– – + −2 = + −2 = −2 = 2−2 = 0
27 27 9 3 3 3 3

symbolab:

3\left(\frac{-2}{3}\right)^4+2\left(\frac{-2}{3}\right)^3-6\left(\frac{-2}{3}\right)^2-7\left(\frac{-2}
{3}\right)-2

12.- Diga si x = 0 es raíz del polinomio P(x) = x sup 2 + x -1 >

2
P( x)=x2 + x−1 = P(0)=0 + 0−1 = 0-1 = -1 (F)

13.- Diga si x = 2 es raíz del polinomio p (x) = x sup 4 + 3x sup 2 -x -5

Para : p( x)=x 4 +3 x2 −x−5 x = 2 sería: p(2)=24 +3.22 −2−5 = 16+12-7 = 21 (F)

14.- Hallar las raíces de los polinomios

14.1.- P(x) = x sup 2 -x -6 →

2
P( x)=x −x−6 = (x-3)(x+2) raíces: 3 y -2

14.2.- P(x) = x sup 2 + 7x +6 →

factorizando a producto de fracciones irreductibles: P( x)=x2 +7 x +6 = (x+6)(x+1) →

Las raíces que anulan el polinomio P(x) = x = -6 y x = -1

Raíces de 2
P( x)=x +7 x +6 = (x+6)(x+1) {xx 1=−6
2=−1

14.3.- P(x) = x sup 2 -2x -8 → P( x)=x2 −2 x−8

Pág. 23/106
Factorizando: P(x) = (x-4)(x+2) Raíces:
{xx2=−2
1=4

14.4.- P(x) = x sup 2 + 5x +6 → P(x)=x2 +5 x +6 = a = 1 b = 5 c = 6 →

{
−5+ √ 1 −4
x 1= = =−2
−5±√5 2 – 4.1.6 −5±√25 – 24 −5±√1 2 2
= = →
2.1 2 2 −5−√ 1 −6
x 2= = =−3
2 2

Raíces de P(X) =
{xx 1=−2
2=−3
2
P(x)=x +5 x +6 = (x+2)(x+3)

14.5.- P(t) = t sup 2 + 2t -24

P(t)=t 2 +2 t−24 → Factorizando P(t)=t 2 +2 t−24 = (x+6)(x-4)

Las Raíces de 2
P(t)=t +2 t−24 : {t=−6
t=4

14.6.- P(n)=n 2−6 n−27

Aplicando resolvente a P(n)=n 2−6 n−27 a = 1 b = -6 c = -27

−(−6)±√ (−6)2−4 (−27) 6±√ 36+108 6±√ 144 6±12

= = = =
2.1 2 2 2

{
18
n= =9
6±12 2
= → las raíces de P(n) son:
2 −6
n= =−3
2

P(n)=n 2−6 n−27 = (x-9)(x+3)

14.7.- P(t) = 8t sup 2 + 10t +3 →

P(t)=8 t 2 +10 t+3 → aplicando la resolvente: a = 8 b = 10 , c=3

Pág. 24/106
 −10±√10 2−4.8 .3 −10±√100−96 −10±√ 4 −10±2
= = = →
2.8 16 16 16

{
−8 −1
t=( )=( )
16 2 2 1 3
P(t)=8 t +10 t+3 = 8( x + )( x + )
−12 −3 2 4
t=( )=( )
16 4

14.8.- P(t) = 2 t sup 2 + 7t -4

2
P(t)=2t +7 t−4 aplicando resolvente → a = 2 b= 7 c= -4

−7±√ 72−4.2.−4 −7±√ 49+32 −7±√ 81 −7±9

= = = →
2.2 2.2 2.2 4

{
2 1
t= =( )
4 2 1
→ P(t)=2t 2 +7 t−4 = 2( x− )( x +4 ) = (2x-1)(x+4) = producto de fracciones irreductibles
−16 2
t= =−4
4

14.9.- P(x) = 6x sup 2 -5x -6

2
P( x)=6 x −5 x −6 por la resolvente: a = 6 b = -5 c = -6

5±√ 25−4.6 .−6 5±√ 25+144 5±√ 169 5±13

= = = →
2.6 12 12 12

{
18 3
x 1= =
12 2 3 2
P( x)=6 x2 −5 x −6 = 6(x− )(x+ )
−8 −2 2 3
x 2= =
12 3

14.10.- P(v) = v sup 2 -6v +6

2
Aplicando resolvente a P( v)=v −6 v+ 6 a= 1 b = -6 c= 6

6±√ 36−4.1 .6 6±√ 36−24 2.3±2 √ 3

= = = 3± √ 3 →
2 2 2

{v=3+ √3
v=3−√ 3

Pág. 25/106