ENERGY PROFILE

Malaysia
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOAL 7: ENERGY INDICATORS (2017)
Renewable energy (% of TFEC) 5.2 Access to electricity (% of population) 100.0
Energy efficiency (MJ per $1 of GDP) 4.2 Access to clean cooking (% of population) >95
Public flows renewables (2017 USD M) 0.1 Per capita renewable capacity (W/person) 235.7
TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES)

TPES 2012 2017 Total primary energy supply in 2017

Non-renewable (TJ) 3 072 876 3 341 540 4% Oil
Renewable (TJ) 83 165 140 024
Total (TJ) 3 156 041 3 481 565 Gas
25% 34%
Renewable share (%) 3 4
Nuclear
Growth in TPES 2012-17 2016-17
Non-renewable (%) +8.7 -1.9 Coal + others
Renewable (%) +68.4 -4.0
Total (%) +10.3 -2.0 37% Renewables

Primary energy trade 2012 2017 Renewable energy supply in 2017

Imports (TJ) 1 863 646 2 042 044
Exports (TJ) 2 085 038 2 259 343 Hydro/marine
Net trade (TJ) 221 392 217 299 Wind
32%
Imports (% of supply) 59 59
Exports (% of production) 62 59 Solar
Energy self-sufficiency (%) 107 110
67% Bioenergy
Net trade (USD million) + 18 589 + 8 702 1%
Net trade (% of GDP) +5.9 +2.7 Geothermal

RENEWABLE ENERGY CONSUMPTION

Consumption by source 2012 2017 Renewable energy consumption in 2017

Electricity (TJ) 41 003 91 345
Electricity
Heat (TJ) 0 0
Bioenergy (TJ) 28 167 35 544 28%
Solar + geothermal (TJ) 0 0 Heat
Total (TJ) 69 170 126 889
Bioenergy
Electricity share (%) 59 72
72%
Consumption growth 2012-17 2016-17 Solar +
Renewable electricity (%) +122.8 -1.9 geothermal
Other renewables (%) +26.2 -5.6
Total (%) +83.4 -3.0
Industry
Consumption by sector 2012 2017 22%
Industry (TJ) 19 050 46 918 37% Transport
Transport (TJ) 4 243 12 136
Households (TJ) 31 872 40 065 Households
Other (TJ) 14 006 27 770 32%
10%
Renewable share of TFEC 5.2 Other
 ELECTRICITY CAPACITY AND GENERATION
Capacity in 2019 MW % Renewable capacity in 2019
Non-renewable 27 725 78
Renewable 8 046 22 Hydro/marine
Hydro/marine 6 245 17 11%
Solar 882 2 Solar
11%
Wind 0 0
Bioenergy 919 3 Wind
Geothermal 0 0
Total 35 771 100 Bioenergy
78%
Capacity change (%) 2014-19 2018-19 Geothermal
Non-renewable + 20 + 7.8
Renewable + 27 + 6.7 Net capacity change (MW)
Hydro/marine + 31 + 1.3
Non-renewable Renewable
Solar + 432 + 64.6 3 000
Wind 0 0.0
2 500
Bioenergy - 36 + 9.5
Geothermal 0 0.0 2 000
Total + 21 + 7.5 1 500
1 000
Net capacity change in 2019 (MW) 500
Non-renewable Hydro and marine 0
- 500
+ 2 000 + 80 -1 000
Solar Wind -1 500
-2 000
+ 346 0 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Bioenergy Geothermal Capacity utilisation in 2018 (%)

+ 80 0 Fossil 62
Nuclear
Generation in 2018 GWh % Hydro/Mar 49
Non-renewable 140 414 83
Solar 9
Renewable 28 492 17
Hydro and marine 26 296 16 Wind
Solar 440 0 Bio 24
Wind 0 0
Bioenergy 1 756 1 Geo
Geothermal 0 0
0 20 40 60 80 100
Total 168 906 100
Per capita electricity generation (kWh) Renewable generation (GWh)
Total Renewable Hydro/marine Solar Wind Bio Geo
6 000 30 000

4 000 20 000

2 000 10 000

0 0
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
 TARGETS, POLICIES AND MEASURES
3 7 4
Most immediate clean energy targets & NDCs
year target unit
Renewable energy:
Renewable electricity: 2015 975 MW
Renewable capacity:
Renewable transport:
Liquid Biofuel blending mandate:
Other transport targets:
Renewable heating/cooling:
Renewable Hydropower
Off-grid renewable technologies:
Energy efficiency (Energy):
Energy efficiency (Electricity): 2025 8 %
Latest policies, programmes and legislation

1 Minimum Energy Performance Standards and Labelling for Air Conditioners with Cooling Capacity ≤ 7.1kW 2018

2 Minimum Energy Performance Standards and Labelling for Refrigerator 2018

3 Minimum Energy Performance Standards and Labelling for Washing Machine 2018

4 National Energy Efficiency Action Plan 2016-2025 2016

5 Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) to the Paris Agreement: Malaysia 2015

References to sustainable energy in Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC)
Conditional Unconditional unit
- Renewable energy
- electricity
- transport
- heating/cooling
- Energy efficiency
ENERGY AND EMISSIONS
Energy-related CO2 emissions by sector Elec. & heat generation CO2 emissions in 2018
Elec. & heat Other Industrial Transport Other Buildings
300 +4% 2% Coal + others
22%
Mt CO2 Emissions

200
110 Gas
Mt CO 2
100
76% Oil
0.0
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Avoided emissions from renewable elec. & heat CO2 emission factor for elec. & heat generation
Emitted CO2 RE Avoided CO2 MYS Asia World
150 800
Mt CO2 Emissions

679 650
600
100
tCO2 /GWh

400
50
200

0.0 0.0
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Avoided emissions based on fossil fuel mix used for power Calculated by dividing power sector emissions by elec. + heat gen.
 RENEWABLE RESOURCE POTENTIAL
Distribution of solar potential Distribution of wind potential
World Malaysia World Malaysia

100% 100%

80% 80%

Proportion of land area

Proportion of land area

60% 60%

40% 40%

20% 20%

0% 0%
<1200 1200-1400 1400-1600 1600-1800 1800-1900 1900-2000 >2000 <260 260-420 420-560 560-670 670-820 820-1060 >1060
Annual generation per unit of installed PV capacity (kWh/kWp/yr) Wind power density at 100m height (W/m2)

Biomass potential: net primary production Indicators of renewable resource potential

5 6
Solar PV: Solar resource potential has been divided into seven
4 7 classes, each representing a range of annual PV output per unit
of capacity (kWh/kWp/yr). The bar chart shows the proportion
of a country's land area in each of these classes and the global
3 8 distribution of land area across the classes (for comparison).
Onshore wind: Potential wind power density (W/m2) is shown
in the seven classes used by NREL, measured at a height of
9 100m. The bar chart shows the distribution of the country's land
2
area in each of these classes compared to the global
distribution of wind resources. Areas in the third class or above
are considered to be a good wind resource.
1 10
Biomass: Net primary production (NPP) is the amount of
8.5 carbon fixed by plants and accumulated as biomass each year.
0 11 It is a basic measure of biomass productivity. The chart shows
tC/ha/yr the average NPP in the country (tC/ha/yr), compared to the
global average NPP of 3-4 tonnes of carbon per year.
= Global average of 3-4 tC/ha/yr

Sources: IRENA statistics, plus data from the following sources: UN SDG
Database (original sources: WHO; World Bank; IEA; IRENA; and UNSD); UN
World Population Prospects; UNSD Energy Balances; UN COMTRADE; World
Bank World Development Indicators; EDGAR; REN21 Global Status Report; IEA-
IRENA Joint Policies and Measures Database; IRENA Global Atlas; and World
Bank Global Solar Atlas and Global Wind Atlas.

Additional notes: Capacity per capita and public investments SDGs only apply
to developing areas. Energy self-sufficiency has been defined as total primary
energy production divided by total primary energy supply. Energy trade includes
all commodities in Chapter 27 of the Harmonised System (HS). Capacity
utilisation is calculated as annual generation divided by year-end capacity x
8,760h/year. Avoided emissions from renewable power is calculated as
renewable generation divided by fossil fuel generation multiplied by reported
emissions from the power sector. This assumes that, if renewable power did not
exist, fossil fuels would be used in its place to generate the same amount of
power and using the same mix of fossil fuels. In countries and years where no
fossil fuel generation occurs, an average fossil fuel emission factor has been used
IRENA Headquarters to calculate the avoided emissions.
Masdar City These profiles have been produced to provide an overview of developments in
P.O. Box 236, Abu Dhabi renewable energy in different countries and areas. The IRENA statistics team
United Arab Emirates would welcome comments and feedback on its structure and content, which can
be sent to statistics@irena.org.
www.irena.org